Boron isotope systematics in large rivers: implications for the marine boron budget and paleo-pH reconstruction over the Cenozoic   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

D. Lemarchand  J. Gaillardet  . Lewin  C. J. Allgre 《Chemical Geology》2002,190(1-4):123-140

The chemical composition of the oceans and long-term climate changes are believed to be linked. Reconstruction of seawater pH evolution is desirable as pH may be related to atmospheric pCO₂, and hence to climate evolution. Boron isotopes in oceanic carbonates have been suggested to be a proxy for oceanic paleo-pH reconstruction. Nevertheless, the calculation of paleo-pH values over geological periods requires a precise knowledge of the boron isotopic composition of the oceans when calcite precipitated. We present the systematics of boron isotopic composition of the world's main rivers. We deduce a continental boron flux to the oceans of 38×10¹⁰ gB/year with a mean isotopic composition of +10‰. These results lead to a balanced boron budget in the oceans and allow the development of a model for the marine boron secular evolution over the past 100 Myr. It is shown that the oceanic boron cycle is mainly controlled by the boron continental discharge and the boron uptake from the oceans during low temperature alteration of oceanic crust. However, the recent important increase of the clastic sediment supply, linked to the Himalayan erosion, impacts the oceanic boron budget by enhancing significantly the boron uptake by adsorption on sediments. We predict a boron isotopic composition in the oceans lower during the Cenozoic and slightly higher during the Cretaceous than today. The modelled values for the marine boron isotopes follow the variations of boron isotopes in carbonates over the Cenozoic era provided by previous studies, suggesting that the variations of the seawater pH may not have been important on this time scale. If this is the case, it involves that buffering mechanisms occur in the oceans to maintain seawater pH at a roughly constant value against past atmospheric pCO₂ variations.  相似文献   

地图出版社版权管理与地图著作权问题     

黄晓凤  曾文军 《四川测绘》2002,25(2):76-78,91

我国的著作权法颁布已经很长时间了，但由于地图产品的特性和复杂性，地图版权保护尚处于起步阶段，现行的法律和制度对地图版权的归属权没有明确的界定，因此版权管理无规范性和操作性可言。本文从地图的特性、归属权和版权管理等方面讨论了地图版权和版权管理，希望对此有所启示。  相似文献   

煤矸石中潜在有害微量元素淋溶析出研究   总被引：21，自引：0，他引：21  

刘桂建  杨萍明  彭子成  吴恩江  王桂梁 《高校地质学报》2001,7(4):449-457

在煤矸石淋溶实验的基础上，研究了有害微量元素从煤矸石中淋溶析出的浓度与其在煤矸石中的含量和赋存状态的关系。结果表明，溶出浓度受淋溶时间，淋溶液温度，酸碱度的影响。淋溶液温度越高，淋溶时间越长，则有害微量元素从煤矸石中析出的浓度越高；不同的有害微量元素受淋溶液pH值大小影响程度也不相同。  相似文献   

安徽庐枞盆地东北部火山机构与金的背景值关系研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

吴长年  任启江 《矿产与地质》1994,8(2):108-113

安徽庐（江）枞（阳）火山岩盆地东北部地区金的背景值明显地受不同级别火山机构控制。矾山－黄屯－级火山机构形成的火山岩建造，其含金值均较低；盆地内小岭和钟子山二级火山机构形成的火山岩建造，其含金值明显很高。黄铁矿化、铁矿化和次生石英岩化有利于金的富集，二级火山机构均为隐爆角砾岩筒，岩浆热液活动强烈；一级火山机构为裂隙中心式喷发，热液活动很弱。岩浆热液活动的程度是导致不同火山机构控制的火山岩建造金的背景值明显差异的根本原因。  相似文献   

High Ash Content in Net-Plankton Samples from Shallow Coastal Water: Possible Source of Error in Dry Weight Measurement of Zooplankton Biomass   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Norio Nagao  Tatsuki Toda  Kazutaka Takahashi  Koji Hamasaki  Tomohiko Kikuchi  Satoru Taguchi 《Journal of Oceanography》2001,57(1):105-107

Annual examination of net-plankton biomass in dry weight, ash-free dry weight, organic carbon, and nitrogen weight at the Manazuru harbor, central Japan revealed that net-plankton samples from shallow coastal water contained considerable amount of ash (53±13% of dry weight) which would be caused by contamination of inorganic materials from re-suspendion of sediments, terrestrial runoff and chain-forming diatoms. Therefore, in coastal water, dry weight is inadequate fro determination of zooplankton biomass in volving the possibility of over-estimation. Practical estimation of net-plankton biomass in shallow coastal waters, ash-free dry weight, organic carbon, and/or nitrogen are more adequate.  相似文献   

Polychaetes (Annelida) in the Gut Contents of Goatfishes (Mullidae), With New Polychaete Records for the Mediterranean Coast of Israel and the Gulf of Elat (Red Sea)     

M.N. Ben-Eliahu  D. Golani 《Marine Ecology》1990,11(3):193-205

Abstract. An analysis was made of polychaete prey in the guts of 5 species of goatfishes ( Mullidiw): Upeneus usymmetricus , a Lessepsian migrant goatfish collected from both Mediterranean and Elat (Red Sea) locations; Mullus sunnuletus, ill. burbcuus , and U. moluccensis , a Lessepsian migrant taken only in the eastern Mediterranean; and Mulloides flavolineatus , collected in the Gulf of Elat. Mullus barbutus accounts for nine new polychaete records for the Mediterranean coast of Israel. Mulloides flavolineatus fed on two species which arc new records for the Gulf of Elat; one, Lumbrineris meteorunu , is a new record for the Red Sea. The polychaete prey provides some information on the ecology of the fishes: There appears to be little overlap regarding polychaete prey among the different goatfish species in the Mediterranean.  相似文献   

Spatial evolution of nitrogen and phosphorus loads along a small Mediterranean river: implication of bed sediments     

Marie‐George Tournoud  Jean‐Louis Perrin  Frdric Gimbert  Bernadette Picot 《水文研究》2005,19(18):3581-3592

This study addresses the spatial variations in water quality along the River Vène (France). The Vène drains a 67 km² rural basin, with a large karstic area, located in a Mediterranean context. A 1 day sampling campaign was conducted along the river, in winter low‐flow conditions (February 2003). Physico‐chemical parameters and water flow discharge were measured in situ during the sampling campaign. Water quality was evaluated by determining the concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus in water and bed‐sediment samples. Nitrogen and phosphorus loads were evaluated taking into account the measured concentrations and discharge. The campaign included 18 sampling points and concerned the whole river from the spring to the outlet, plus the main inputs, i.e. sewage treatment works, main tributaries and karstic springs. The spatial evolution of nitrogen and phosphorus loads along the river allowed the significant role of point‐source inputs to be demonstrated. The decrease in nutrient loads along the river occurred mainly in specific reaches where fine sediments had accumulated. In these zones, phosphorus is trapped in the bed sediments in calcium‐bound phosphates due to precipitation processes. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

清江盆地洋湖凹陷岩盐矿床A1孔泥岩段硼同位素组成特征研究     

汤凯  王春连  王九一 《化工矿产地质》2019,41(2):111-116

近年来,硼同位素研究在指示沉积环境及物源方面取得了良好进展。通过开展清江盆地盐岩矿床泥岩段矿物组成、硼含量及XRD衍射实验、热电离质谱法测量硼同位素等实验手段,研究δ11B值变化与物源、沉积环境和气候作用的关系,分析影响清江盆地盐岩矿床硼同位素分馏因素,发现多源性可能成为δ11B发生变化的原因之一,粘土矿物优先吸附10B从而导致δ11B值降低,同时盐矿物序列变化和伊利石的减少表明该时期整体气候变化为干冷向温湿改变,可能伴随有河流改道而导致物源发生变化,从而影响δ11B值的变化。  相似文献   

页岩气储层的特殊性及其评价思路和内容   总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5  

于炳松 《地学前缘》2012,19(3):252-258

为了有效地开展页岩气储层的评价,文中首先总结了页岩气储层相对于常规油气储层的特殊性。指出这些特殊性体现在富含有机质、富含粘土矿物、细小的矿物粒度、极低的孔隙度和渗透率、纳米级孔喉结构、巨大的矿物表面积、复杂的成岩改造、大比例的天然气吸附赋存。在此基础上,从页岩储层性质的特殊性入手,梳理了页岩储层的评价思路和方法。强调了评价过程应遵循评价参数的直接测定与间接计算相结合、分析测试的常规手段与特殊方法相结合、评价对象的孔隙特征与吸附能力相结合。最后,探讨了页岩气储层的评价内容,认为其除了与常规储层相同的储层岩石学特征和物性特征外,还应考虑其吸附天然气的能力及其压裂改造的难易程度,即应包括储层岩石组成特征与空间分布、储层孔渗特征、储集空间特征、储层含气性和储层岩石力学性质等。  相似文献   

植物对硼吸收转运机理的研究进展   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

何建新 《中国沙漠》2008,28(2):266-273

 综述了在高浓度和低浓度条件下硼被植物吸收运输机理的研究进展。植物对硼的跨膜吸收有三种方式：硼供应充足时,植物通过被动吸收融合脂双层膜的方式以及借助MIPs蛋白协助的方式将硼吸收进入细胞;硼供应不足时,植物启动一个高亲和吸收系统,该系统通过依赖能量的蛋白（如NIP5-1）以主动运输的方式将硼运入细胞内。硼在高等植物体内的运输途径有木质部和韧皮部两种,木质部是硼向上运输的主要通道,而BOR1作为植物体内介导硼外排的转运子,受外源硼浓度的调节：在植物缺硼时负责将硼从中柱鞘向木质部运输;在硼供应充足或植物处于高硼环境中时,植物通过蒸腾作用经木质部将硼向上运输,植物响应外源硼的机制开始启动,体内的BOR1会被内含体通过胞吞的方式吸收并最终运至液泡中进行降解。  相似文献