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Crustal contamination and fluid/rock interaction in the carbonatites of Fuerteventura (Canary Islands, Spain): a C, O, H isotope study 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
Fuerteventura—the second largest of the Canary Islands consists of Mesozoic sediments, submarine volcanic rocks, dike swarms and plutons of the Basal Complex, and younger subaerial basaltic and trachytic series. Carbonatites are found in two Basal Complex exposures: the Betancuria Massif in the central part of the island and the Esquinzo area in the north.
values of the carbonatites increase progressively from south to north of the island. This phenomenon is attributed to different degrees of assimilation of sedimentary carbonate. Homogeneous, typically magmatic
values for carbonatites which have preserved primary igneous textures and minerals suggest a well-mixed reservoir where changes in
values result from the storage of carbonate magmas at different structural levels. The magma storage allowed assimilation of sediment to varying degrees before final emplacement of carbonatites. Shifts in
towards more positive and negative values from presumed primary compositions are observed in the carbonatites. On the basis of the oxygen isotope compositions of calcite, mica and K-feldspar, and the hydrogen isotope compositions of micas, the changes in the
values of the carbonatites can be related to fluid/rock interactions. 相似文献
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根据白云鄂博赋矿白云石大理岩的岩石学特征及地质产状将其分为两类：粗粒和细粒白云石大理岩．它们的氧、碳和锶同位素及微量元素地球化学特征显然有别于分布在宽沟背斜以北典型的沉积石灰岩和白云岩,而和幢源火成碳酸岩十分相似．与矿床进行对比研究说明,成矿流体和矿质主要起源于碳酸岩浆的分异作用,其放射性成因同位素和微量元素保持了地但指纹,而氧和碳同位素组成却向壳源方向漂移,证实碳酸岩浆侵位过程中受大陆地壳的混染作用非常微弱,但是由碳酸岩浆活动所引起的成矿热液体系中却有一定的地表水混人认为白云鄂博REE-Nb-Fe超大型矿床的成因应归属于火成碳酸岩型矿床． 相似文献
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东秦岭钼矿带内碳酸岩脉型钼（铅）矿床地质 地球化学特征、成矿机制及成矿构造背景 总被引：14，自引：3，他引：11
东秦岭钼矿带位于华北板块南缘,NW-NWW向的固始―栾川深断裂带控制着钼矿床的空间分布.黄水庵碳酸岩脉型钼(铅)矿床的确定,为本矿带内已有碳酸岩脉型钼(铅)矿床(黄龙铺地区的大石沟、石家湾和桃园等)增添了又一新成员.本矿带不仅钼金属储量居世界已知单个钼矿带之首,而且碳酸岩脉和花岗斑岩两个成矿体系并存,亦是本区钼矿带的一大特色.业已查明,黄水庵和黄龙铺(大石沟)等碳酸岩脉型钼(铅)矿床的δ~(13)C=-5.3‰～-7.0‰,~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr=0.7049～0.7065.同时,方解石富含轻稀土(LREE/HREE=1.8～2.9).辉钼矿以富含Re(平均为110×10~(-6)～244×10~(-6))为特征.基于含矿碳酸岩脉方解石的Sr、Nd、Pb同位素比值(~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr对~(206)Pb/~(204)Pb、~(207)Pb/~(204)Pb对~(206)Pb/~(204)Pb和~(143)Nd/~(144)Nd对~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr)的关系图,我们初步判断本矿带区域陆壳之下可能存在有EMI(富集地幔Ⅰ),这些含矿碳酸岩脉是源于EMI的碱性硅酸盐-碳酸盐熔体-溶液结晶分异的产物,成矿金属Mo、Pb主要来自EMI.根据黄水庵和黄龙铺(大石沟)钼(铅)矿床的成矿年龄(Re-Os年龄分别为209.5 Ma和221 Ma),我们推断,碳酸岩脉型钼(铅)矿床形成于华北和扬子两大板块三叠纪碰撞造山后伸展阶段的晚三叠世时期,而在侏罗纪陆内造山晚期的伸展阶段,形成了晚侏罗-早白垩世的斑岩型和斑岩-矽卡岩型钼矿床(Re-Os年龄介于147～116 Ma). 相似文献
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《地学前缘(英文版)》2019,10(2):769-785
The Weishan REE deposit is located at the eastern part of North China Craton (NCC), western Shandong Province. The REE-bearing carbonatite occur as veins associated with aegirine syenite. LA-ICP-MS bastnaesite Th-Pb ages (129 Ma) of the Weishan carbonatite show that the carbonatite formed contemporary with the aegirine syenite. Based on the petrographic and geochemical characteristics of calcite, the REE-bearing carbonatite mainly consists of Generation-1 igneous calcite (G-1 calcite) with a small amount of Generation-2 hydrothermal calcite (G-2 calcite). Furthermore, the Weishan apatite is characterized by high Sr, LREE and low Y contents, and the carbonatite is rich in Sr, Ba and LREE contents. The δ13CV-PDB (−6.5‰ to −7.9‰) and δ13OV-SMOW (8.48‰–9.67‰) values are similar to those of primary, mantle-derived carbonatites. The above research supports that the carbonatite of the Weishan REE deposit is igneous carbonatite. Besides, the high Sr/Y, Th/U, Sr and Ba of the apatite indicate that the magma source of the Weishan REE deposit was enriched lithospheric mantle, which have suffered the fluid metasomatism. Taken together with the Mesozoic tectono-magmatic activities, the NW and NWW subduction of Izanagi plate along with lithosphere delamination and thinning of the North China plate support the formation of the Weishan REE deposit. Accordingly, the mineralization model of the Weishan REE deposit was concluded: The spatial-temporal relationships coupled with rare and trace element characteristics for both carbonatite and syenite suggest that the carbonatite melt was separated from the CO2-rich silicate melt by liquid immiscibility. The G-1 calcites were crystallized from the carbonatite melt, which made the residual melt rich in rare earth elements. Due to the common origin of G-1 and G-2 calcites, the REE-rich magmatic hydrothermal was subsequently separated from the melt. After that, large numbers of rare earth minerals were produced from the magmatic hydrothermal stage. 相似文献
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南秦岭杨家坝多金属矿区中的碳酸岩岩相学及成矿地球化学 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
秦岭造山带是我国重要的成矿区带之一。研究发现,南秦岭杨家坝多金属矿区中元古界碧口群火山沉积岩系中原以为所夹的“白云岩”在产状上具侵入接触关系,并且从岩相学、元素和同位素地球化学分析论证,确认其为源自地幔的碳酸岩;岩石总体表现为明显富集轻稀土、大离子亲石元素,尤以Sr、Ba相对富集,而过渡元素,尤以Ti、Cr、Ni相对亏损,高场强元素则表现为矿化蚀变较之弱蚀变和无蚀变相对富集,这与岩相学研究伴随硅化和硫化物蚀变而发育多金属矿化,以及同位素系列研究表现强烈相似于EMⅡ型富集地幔背景,并具碳酸岩与碳酸盐岩的过渡特征形成呼应,暗示矿区碳酸岩及相关矿化的形成,可能与秦岭造山带从中元古代到中新生代发生同生成矿,或构造体制转换并伴随后造山期强烈陆内造山作用导致的壳幔叠加改造密切相关,是重大深部地质事件的标志。碳酸岩的发现和确认,为论证本区深部地质地球化学动力学事件和过程,以及壳幔混染对成矿的贡献提供了新的岩石学证据。 相似文献
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The c. 2060 Ma Phalaborwa Igneous Complex forms an elongate intrusion into Archean granitic gneiss. The carbonatite within the central pyroxenite core of the complex (Loolekop) is well-mineralized in copper. Open pit mining operations started in 1965, followed by underground block caving in 2003. Although little attention has been paid to large-scale structures associated with intrusive phases and mineralization, ongoing infrastructure development and block caving, as part of the new Lift II Project, require far greater resolution of structural discontinuities. 3D modelling of these structures, from over 50 years of data, reveals that Loolekop occurs at the confluence of several major shears or fault zones. Of these, five major structures were pivotal in the emplacement of banded carbonatite, transgressive carbonatite and very late-stage, narrow, E-W trending, sulphide veinlets with short down-dip and along-strike extensions, which form the bulk of mineralization. Modelled structures typically have two or more segments, which are rotated with respect to one another, in turn suggesting repeated rotation or torsion of the entire intrusive volume, aided by cross-cutting structures. The oldest structure is the N-S trending Mica Fault Zone, which shows the same trend as the entire carbonatite complex and the nearby eastern edge of the Kaapvaal Craton and the Lebombo Lineament. The youngest structure is the Central Fault, which shows an E-W inflection that is co-incident with the carbonatite and the E-W, vein-hosted Cu mineralization trend. Based on cross-cutting relationships, sinistral movement along the Central Fault Zone and its localized E-W dilational jog is invoked as a mechanism for transgressive carbonatite emplacement and the introduction of late-stage Cu-rich fluids into numerous tensional veinlets. This shearing would have been caused by an E-W trending maximum principal stress orientation. In turn, this corresponds with the orientation of near-field, eastward-directed stress along the eastern lobe of the Bushveld Complex during its emplacement and subsequent deformation. 相似文献
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安哥拉Bonga碳酸岩型铌矿床位于Parana'-Angola-Etendeka碱性岩-碳酸岩火成岩省东部,是一个孤立产出的中心式岩栓,侵入于元古宙花岗岩基底中。岩石地球化学研究表明,Bonga岩体由钙碳酸岩和少量的镁碳酸岩组成,岩体成分从钙碳酸岩向镁碳酸岩演化。矿物组合上,钙碳酸岩以方解石为主,副矿物有磷灰石、磁铁矿、烧绿石和少量稀土矿物;镁碳酸岩以白云石为主,烧绿石含量降低,稀土矿物含量增高。富钙碳酸岩(摩尔比值Ca O/Ca O+Mg O+Fe O+Mn O0.83)中Nb含量较高,变化于148.1×10~(-6)~8394×10~(-6),平均为2127×10~(-6),∑REE变化于1441×10~(-6)~9452×10~(-6),平均为2791×10~(-6),LREE/HREE变化于16.7~58.3,平均为25.0;富镁碳酸岩(摩尔比值Ca O/Ca O+Mg O+Fe O+Mn O0.83)Nb含量降低,变化于300.9×10~(-6)~3910×10~(-6),平均为1502×10~(-6),∑REE升高,变化于1659×10~(-6)~18849×10~(-6),平均为7111×10~(-6),轻稀土更加富集,LREE/HREE增大,变化于19.1~114,平均为57.6。铌在碳酸岩浆演化的早期富集,铌矿化主要与富钙碳酸岩有关;稀土元素的富集相对较晚,主要与富镁碳酸岩有关。对碳酸岩碳氧同位素的瑞利分馏模拟计算(RIFMS模型)结果表明,Bonga碳酸岩的铌矿化(烧绿石沉淀)主要受岩浆作用控制,其温度不低于600℃。 相似文献
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白云鄂博的碳锶铈矿 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在对白云鄂博碳酸岩中稀土矿物的研究中,发现了锶-稀土含水复碳酸盐矿物。根据电子探针分析结果,其化学成分相当于碳锶铈矿(Ancylite-Ce)、钙碳锶铈矿(Calcioancylite),前者Sr>Ca,后者Ca>Sr。计算得到的化学式分别为:(Sr0.62,Ca0.18)0.8(Ce0.5,Nd0.36,La0.17,Pr0.02,Sm0.02)1.2(CO3)2(OH1.04,F0.14)1.2H2O、(Ca0.73,Sr0.28,Ba0.17)1.2(Ce0.46,Nd0.15,La0.15,Pr0.04,Sm0.01)0.8(CO3)2(OH0.75,F0.06)0.8H2O,简化为:(Sr,Ca)2-xCex(CO3)2.(OH,F)2-x.H2O,接近理论化学式(Sr,Ca)Ce(CO3)2(OH)H2O,但附加阴离子除OH—外,还含有少量F-。两者均为几微米至十几微米的微小晶体,呈浸染状产出,且仅见于晚期方解石或方解石—白云石交生体中。 相似文献