全文获取类型
收费全文 | 15507篇 |
免费 | 1895篇 |
国内免费 | 2931篇 |
专业分类
测绘学 | 1164篇 |
大气科学 | 1120篇 |
地球物理 | 2048篇 |
地质学 | 6495篇 |
海洋学 | 2066篇 |
天文学 | 5390篇 |
综合类 | 853篇 |
自然地理 | 1197篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 51篇 |
2023年 | 152篇 |
2022年 | 382篇 |
2021年 | 425篇 |
2020年 | 474篇 |
2019年 | 550篇 |
2018年 | 447篇 |
2017年 | 463篇 |
2016年 | 515篇 |
2015年 | 546篇 |
2014年 | 882篇 |
2013年 | 969篇 |
2012年 | 905篇 |
2011年 | 1065篇 |
2010年 | 1021篇 |
2009年 | 1392篇 |
2008年 | 1358篇 |
2007年 | 1209篇 |
2006年 | 1184篇 |
2005年 | 1023篇 |
2004年 | 890篇 |
2003年 | 716篇 |
2002年 | 618篇 |
2001年 | 539篇 |
2000年 | 499篇 |
1999年 | 423篇 |
1998年 | 314篇 |
1997年 | 178篇 |
1996年 | 173篇 |
1995年 | 139篇 |
1994年 | 144篇 |
1993年 | 131篇 |
1992年 | 81篇 |
1991年 | 68篇 |
1990年 | 67篇 |
1989年 | 42篇 |
1988年 | 45篇 |
1987年 | 19篇 |
1986年 | 31篇 |
1985年 | 38篇 |
1984年 | 33篇 |
1983年 | 19篇 |
1982年 | 19篇 |
1981年 | 10篇 |
1980年 | 14篇 |
1978年 | 10篇 |
1977年 | 16篇 |
1954年 | 6篇 |
1897年 | 7篇 |
1877年 | 7篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 312 毫秒
991.
肃南5.7级地震过程剪切波分裂特征 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
剪切波分裂应用于地震预报中的3个主要困难是:(1)如何自动定量识别剪切波快慢波到时;(2)用以认识其基本特征的震例太少;(3)因各次地震的复杂性,对所给剪切波分裂结果难以给出恰当的解释,本文研究了1988年11月22日甘肃肃南5.7级地震过程剪切波分裂的特征。所用资料为1988年8月到1990年8月中法合作张掖数字台网的记录。通过对张掖~肃南地区地壳结构模型的研究,确认了所用各次地震的真实出射角基 相似文献
992.
Free cupric ion concentrations and Cu complexation in selected Swiss lakes and rivers 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Hanbin Xue Andrea Oestreich David Kistler Laura Sigg 《Aquatic Sciences - Research Across Boundaries》1996,58(1):69-87
[Cu2+] and Cu complexation parameters in some selected freshwater systems in Switzerland were determined by the technique of ligand-exchange and DPCSV. Results from the water columns of some eutrophic and oligotrophic lakes are presented and compared to small acid lakes. Cu is strongly complexed by organic ligands which with very high stability constants at low concentrations are probably biologically produced, as indicated by the seasonal variations in the eutrophic lakes and by the relationship between Cu complexation and algal activity in the eutrophic (pCu=15–16), oligotrophic (pCu=13–14) and acidic (pCu=9–10) lakes. The extent of Cu complexation in river waters was generally lower than in the eutrophic lakes, at similar DOC levels. No obvious correlation between Cu complexation and DOC was observed, indicating that Cu complexing ligands are specific organic compounds. 相似文献
993.
R. N. Colvile T. W. Choularton J. N. Cape B. J. Bandy K. N. Bower R. A. Burgess T. J. Davies G. J. Dollard M. W. Gallagher K. J. Hargreaves B. M. R. Jones S. A. Penkett R. L. Storeton-West 《Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry》1996,24(3):211-239
Four case studies are described, from a three-site field experiment in October/November 1991 using the Great Dun Fell flow-through reactor hill cap cloud in rural Northern England. Measurements of total odd-nitrogen nitrogen oxides (NO
y
) made on either side of the hill, before and after the air flowed through the cloud, showed that 10 to 50% of the NO
y
, called NO
z
, was neither NO nor NO2. This NO
z
failed to exhibit a diurnal variation and was often higher after passage through cloud than before. No evidence of conversion of NO
z
to NO3
- in cloud was found. A simple box model of gas-phase chemistry in air before it reached the cloud, including scavenging of NO3 and N2O5 by aerosol of surface area proportional to the NO2 mixing ratio, shows that NO3 and N2O5 may build up in the boundary layer by night only if stable stratification insulates the air from emissions of NO. This may explain the lack of evidence for N2O5 forming NO3
- in cloud under well-mixed conditions in 1991, in contrast with observations under stably stratified conditions during previous experiments when evidence of N2O5 was found. Inside the cloud, some variations in the calculated total atmospheric loading of HNO2 and the cloud liquid water content were related to each other. Also, indications of conversion of NO
x
to NO
z
were found. To explain these observations, scavenging of NO
x
and HNO2 by cloud droplets and/or aqueous-phase oxidation of NO2
- by nitrate radicals are considered. When cloud acidity was being produced by aqueous-phase oxidation of NO
x
or SO2, NO3
- which had entered the cloud as aerosol particles was liberated as HNO3 vapour. When no aqueous-phase production of acidity was occurring, the reverse, conversion of scavenged HNO3 to particulate NO3
-, was observed. 相似文献
994.
Absorption cross-section measurements of NO2 performed in our laboratory have been extended to the 200–300 nm region at ambient temperature. Low pressures have been used, limiting the effects of the dimer N2O4 which has an absorption cross-section from one to two orders of magnitude larger than that of NO2 in this region. The results have been compared to those of previous authors and are now available for atmospheric purposes at 0.01 nm intervals.Unité de Recherche Associée au CNRS. 相似文献
995.
Simulations of seasonal variations of sulfur compounds in the remote marine atmosphere 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
A photochemical box model is used to simulate seasonal variations in concentrations of sulfur compounds at latitude 40° S. It is assumed that the hydroxyl radical (OH) addition reaction to sulfur in the dimethyl sulfide (DMS) molecule is the predominant pathway for methanesulfonic acid (MSA) production, and that the rate constant increases as the air temperature decreases. Concentration of the nitrate radical (NO3) is a function of the DMS flux, because the reaction of DMS with NO3 is the most important loss mechanism of NO3. While the diurnally averaged concentration of OH in winter is a factor of about 8 smaller than in summer, due to the weak photolysis process, the diurnally averaged concentration of NO3 in winter is a factor of about 4–5 larger than in summer, due to the decrease of DMS flux. Therefore, at middle and high latitudes in winter, atmospheric DMS is mainly oxidized by the reaction with NO3. The calculated ratio of the MSA to SO2 production rates is smaller in winter than in summer, and the MSA to non-sea-salt sulfate (nssSO4
2-) molar ratio varies seasonally. This result agrees with data on the seasonal variation of the MSA/nssSO4
2- molar ratio obtained at middle and high latitudes. The calculations indicate that during winter the reaction of DMS with NO3 is likely to be a more important sink of NOx (NO+NO2) than the reaction of NO2 with OH, and to serve as a significant pathway of the HNO3 production. If dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is produced through the OH addition reaction and is heterogeneously oxidized in aqueous solutions, half of the nssSO4
2- produced in summer may be through the oxidation process of DMSO. It is necessary to further investigate the oxidation products by the reaction of DMS with OH, and the possibility of the reaction of DMS with NO3 during winter. 相似文献
996.
I.EnvironmeotaICharacterishcsofChangliCountyChangliCoLmtyislocatedinthenortheastermendoftheNorthChinaPlain,nexttoBohaiSeaontheeastandthesouthemendofYanshanMountainsontl1enortl1.Luani1emverWhichrunsthroughthecouotyforn1sthewestemandsouthemboundaryoftitiscoastalcounty.ThenorthempartofthecoUnyishillywithaverageheigltrrangingfrom5oto5Oom,andmostportionintheeastemandsouflempartislocatedonthealluvialplainofLuani1eandYirunarivers,inclilungfromnorthwesttosoutieastwiil1heighrangingfrom2to3m.Tl1… 相似文献
997.
998.
三江平原沼泽地碳循环初探 总被引:35,自引:1,他引:35
在三江平原多年考察与研究的基础上,通过典型沼泽的定位观测,估算了三江平原沼泽土壤中的碳储量,探讨了沼泽植物对大气CO2的固定,碳素自沼泽土壤向大气的转移,沼泽近地气层CO2流,以及沼泽植物-土壤-大气之间的碳素流动。 相似文献
999.
Ground-based visible differential absorption spectrometry during twilight has been used for NO2 total column observations at the Antarctica Peninsula, Marambio Base (64S, 56W), during the austral spring of 1989 (9 September to 25 November).Results show moderate NO2 vertical column levels of 1.5 to 2.5×1015 molec cm-2 in the morning and 2 to 3×1015 molec cm-2 in the evening until middle October, highly modulated by planetary wave activity. From that date until the end of the period, a steady increase occurs which is associated with the rising of lower stratosphere temperature as the vortex weakens, reaching values of 5×1015 molec cm-2 in late November, with small a.m.-p.m. differences. NO2 is found to be positively correlated to both total ozone and 50 hPa temperature during the entire spring. However, when analyzing the departures from linear trends, a highly negative correlation has been observed from day 301 onwards. 相似文献
1000.
本文试图建立一个产生低纬Pi2 脉动的亚暴三维电流体系模型.用这个模型可以模拟地球表面不同纬度和经度上记录的Pi2脉动的波形和偏振图,与低纬Pi2脉动的多台观测结果基本相符.从而定量地解释了Pi2脉动和亚暴电流体系的关系. 相似文献