马海盐湖北部矿段低品位固体钾矿中钾盐矿物的赋存特征及成因探讨     

龙鹏宇  赵艳军  胡宇飞  杜江民  何继辉  王朝旭 《地球学报》2022,43(3):338-346

马海盐湖位于柴达木盆地中北部赛什腾凹陷内, 其矿区北部矿段全新统固体钾矿大规模固液转化开采已稳定运行近十年, 为钾肥生产提供了重要的资源保障。本文拟查明马海矿区北部矿段现阶段低品位固体钾盐矿物的类型和赋存特征, 开展了矿物薄片鉴定、能谱扫描电镜和X射线粉晶衍射等分析测试工作, 为水溶开采的可持续开发提供依据。研究发现: (1)杂卤石集中分布在70–79勘探线, 以原生和后生交代成因赋存, 且以前者为主。原生杂卤石呈片状、纤维状、粒状、纤维放射状和花瓣状集合体; 后生交代成因的杂卤石呈浸染状和具石膏假象的毛毡状。(2)光卤石多分布在67–70勘探线, 呈熔融状、他形粒状、裂纹状, 与石盐、杂卤石、钾石盐等矿物共生。(3)钾石盐仅在72勘探线集中分布, 呈自形-半自形立方单体, 与光卤石、杂卤石、水氯镁石等矿物共生。(4)根据马海盐湖杂卤石赋存特征分析其成因可能为在气候干冷, 流域补给水量减少, 湖水大面积收缩和浓缩, 矿区东南部富K+、Mg2+的硫酸镁亚型卤水与牛郎织女湖富Ca2+的高盐度氯化物型卤水发生混合掺杂作用, 形成了含钾镁钙硫酸盐型杂卤石钾盐矿物。高盐度氯化物型卤水在向东南部浓缩中心迁移渗透过程中, 受蒸发和浓缩, 便在研究区西北部形成了氯化物型光卤石、钾石盐等矿物。(5)需要根据杂卤石的赋存特征, 制定相应的固液转化方案。  相似文献   

塔里木盆地古近系—白垩系微膨胀防窜盐水泥浆的应用研究          下载免费PDF全文

田常铭 《探矿工程》2015,42(3):25-28，32

塔里木盆地古近系、白垩系地层含膏、含盐,气显示活跃,固井难度大。在总结前期微膨胀胶乳防窜水泥浆体系固井失利原因的基础上,重点考虑地层岩性特征,以提高二界面胶结质量为目的,优选出微膨胀防窜盐水水泥浆体系。该体系具有API失水量小、SPN值小、水泥石强度大的特点,经现场应用,封固井段固井质量优良,表明该体系有广泛推广的前景。  相似文献   

基于国产高分影像的海岸带盐田和水产养殖区图谱特征分析     

刘俊霞  马毅  李晓敏  崔廷伟 《海洋科学》2015,39(2):63-66

海岸带区域水陆相接,盐业和水产养殖业发展迅速。本文基于国产高空间分辨率卫星遥感影像,对海岸带盐田和水产养殖区进行了全面的分析,总结了盐田和水产养殖区地物的颜色、色调、大小、形状、纹理、位置等遥感影像图谱特征,以期为盐田和水产养殖区遥感监测提供技术支撑。  相似文献   

盐类科学研究的扩展——盐体系研究的思考(代序)   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

郑绵平 《地质学报》2007,81(12):1603-1607

传统的地球科学对于盐类研究主要集中于盐湖和古代盐类沉积,对于其他盐类聚集体,如泻湖、港湾、盐沼泽、泉水等研究较少,更未涉及其他行星的盐类聚集体。成盐元素约25种,由于其作用的广泛性和重要性以及近代科学技术的进步,对于盐类聚集体的研究已冲破单学科领域,不但在地球科学包括盐类资源科技领域日益扩大和深入,而且在生物学、医学、保健和环境生态学等也有了引人入胜的新发现,航天行星科学也开始涉及盐类研究领域,在宏观上已进入全球以至行星研究时期,在微观上已达到分子和基因层次;盐类及盐碱土开发已达到综合利用、整体开发的初始阶段。盐类科学研究已进入多学科交叉、在广度和深度上大为扩展的崭新时代,概称为"盐体系"研究和综合开发与保护管理阶段。  相似文献   

无建槽直井的定向中靶作业          下载免费PDF全文

商敬秋  武程亮  刘汪威  胡汉月 《探矿工程》2014,41(1):13-16

传统的施工水平对接井的连通工艺多采用造腔溶通或压力式连通,由于其施工周期长、成本高等缺点正在被以精确连通仪器引导连通工艺所取代。以江苏淮安SY4井组为例,介绍了采用具有自主知识产权的“慧磁”钻进中靶导向系统,与一口没有建槽的直井进行定向中靶作业。由于存在直井井斜数据误差大、钻具磁化、溶腔半径极小等困难,进行了3次中靶作业后最终成功连通。  相似文献   

陆相盐湖层序地层学研究简述     

胡光明  纪友亮 《上海国土资源》2005,(4):58-61

陆相盐湖盐源复杂多样,主要有陆源、海源和地壳深部三大类。前两类主要通过蒸发成盐,气候起着关键作用,形成的陆相盐湖低水位和高水位体系域中盐岩发育,湖侵体系域中盐岩相对不发育;第三类主要通过兑卤成盐,作为深层卤水通道的深大断裂的活动期次控制了盐岩的发育,盐岩主要发育在湖侵体系域,高水位体系域次之,低水位体系域中盐岩一般不发育。  相似文献   

Effect of salt types on salt precipitation and water transport in saline sandy soil     

Hongchao Wang  Xinhu Li  Min Guo  Jialin Li 《水文研究》2024,38(3):e15123

Salt precipitation on the surface of porous media significantly affects water transport processes. Most studies on salt precipitation mainly focused on single salts, but in nature, salt precipitation usually occurs as mixtures. Consequently, information on the crystallization of salt mixtures and its effect on water transport remains scarce. This study investigated the precipitation of mixtures (the mass ratios of NaCl:Na₂SO₄ were 3:7, 5:5, and 7:3, respectively) of NaCl (typical efflorescence) and Na₂SO₄ (typical subflorescence) in the initially saturated sandy soil columns and its effect on evaporation and compared it with the cases of the two salts individually. The results showed that salt mixtures exhibited a mixed pattern of crystals including both efflorescence and subflorescence, and the efflorescence showed granular aggregation, unlike the mono-salts. The crystallization coverage of the salt mixtures was smaller than that of NaCl mono-salt; high (7:3) and low (5:5 and 3:7) proportions of NaCl led to larger and smaller crystallization coverage than that of Na₂SO₄ mono-salt, respectively. While the salt mixtures had less crystallization coverage than the mono-salts, they showed lower evaporation because the salt mixtures formed a denser crystallization structure of efflorescence-subflorescence-soil layer, this crystallization structure exhibited greater inhibition of water vapour diffusion, thus reducing evaporation. In addition, the crystallization of the salt mixtures with higher NaCl proportion afforded greater resistance of evaporation. The mixed crystallization pattern formed by the salt mixtures significantly enhances the crystallization resistance to evaporation.  相似文献   

Groundwater,salt and contaminant transport in a coastal aquifer system with a low-permeability layer in the intertidal zone     

Congrui Li  Badin Gibbes  Yue Liu  Xiaocheng Liu  Chenming Zhang 《水文研究》2024,38(5):e15149

Low-permeability layer (LPL), formed by natural deposit or artificial reclamation and commonly found below the intertidal zone of coastal groundwater system, can retard the ingress of seawater and contaminants, and shorten the travel time of the land-sourced contaminant to the marine environment compared with a homogenous sandy coastal aquifer. However, there is limited understanding on how an intertidal LPL, a condition occurred in a coastal aquifer at Moreton Bay, Australia, influences the groundwater and contaminant transport across the shallow beach aquifer system. We characterized the aquifer hydrological parameters, monitored the in situ groundwater heads, and constructed a 2-D numerical model to analyses the cross-shore hydrological processes in this stratified system. The calibrated model suggests that in the lower aquifer, the inland-source fresh groundwater flowed horizontally towards the sea, upwelled along the freshwater–saltwater interface, and exited the aquifer at the shore below the LPL. Whereas in the upper aquifer, the tidally driven seawater circulation formed a barrier that prevented fresh groundwater from horizontal transport and discharge to the beach above the LPL, thereby directing its leakage to the lower aquifer. A contaminant represented by a conservative tracer was ‘released’ the upper aquifer in the model and results showed that the spreading extent of the contaminant plume, the maximum rate of contaminant discharge to the ocean, and its plume length decreased compared with a simulation case in a homogenous sandy aquifer. Sensitivity analysis was also conducted to investigate the characteristics of the LPL, including its continuity and hydraulic conductivity, which were found to vary along the beach at Moreton Bay. The result shows that with a lower hydraulic conductivity and continuous layer of LPL reduced the groundwater exchange and contaminant transport between upper and lower aquifer. The findings from the combined field and modelling investigations on the impact of an intertidal LPL on coastal aquifer systems highlight its significant implications to alter the groundwater and mass transport across the land–ocean interface.  相似文献   

DOWNVALLEY GRADIENTS IN FLOW PATTERNS,SEDIMENT TRANSPORT AND CHANNEL MORPHOLOGY IN A SMALL MACROTIDAL ESTUARY: DIPPER HARBOUR CREEK,NEW BRUNSWICK,CANADA     

C. P. AYLES  M. F. LAPOINTE 《地球表面变化过程与地形》1996,21(9):829-842

Dipper Harbour Creek's lower reaches run through a narrow salt marsh on the Bay of Fundy, New Brunswick, Canada. This 2 km long section of the creek constitutes an extreme example of a tide-dominated estuary exhibiting strong downvalley morphology and sedimentology gradients. Dipper Harbour Creek drains a basin of roughly 8.8 km², but except during the spring snowmelt freshet, tidal flow so overshadows freshwater flow within the salt marsh reach that the system essentially functions as a tidal creek. To identify and explain the main geomorphic processes controlling the creek system, records were collected in summer 1993 of tidal stage and velocity fluctuations, sand dune migration rates, bed material composition, channel cross-sectional geometry and channel sinuosity. Bed materials become progressively finer upvalley, with deposits of medium to coarse sands concentrated in the highly sinuous central reach of the creek during the summer. Current velocities within the creek are strongly flood-dominant, featuring a consistent low-stage peak in flood velocity, a secondary high-stage flood surge, and a weaker ebb peak occurring around bankfull stage. Under summer low freshwater discharge conditions, the predominant direction of bed sand transport is upvalley. The spring freshet, however, causes a major downvalley shift of sand deposits, suggesting a seasonal cycling of medium to coarse sands within Dipper Harbour Creek.  相似文献   

江苏盐硝类矿产开发现状及产业发展探讨     

高德云  丁秀珍 《化工矿产地质》2004,26(4):235-240

江苏有丰富的岩盐、芒硝等化工原料类资源。但由于缺乏整体的勘查和开发利用规划,造成了资源的极大浪费,出现了污染等问题。另一方面无序竞争,导致企业效益低下。这些问题,需要通过合理规划开发资源、提高回采率、提高产品科技含量和附加值、综合利用溶腔、积极开拓国内外市场、保护生态环境等渠道加以解决。  相似文献