河北雄县地热田钻井地温测量及地温场特征   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6       下载免费PDF全文

李卫卫  饶松  唐晓音  姜光政  胡圣标  孔彦龙  庞菊梅  王建存 《地质科学》2014,(3):850-863

根据研究区22口井的实测井温资料及前人的研究成果,开展了雄县地区地温场分析,对雄县地热田地温场的特点取得了以下认识：雄县地热田的盖层以传导热传递方式为主,热储层中源于供暖期热水生产和回灌引起的地下水受迫对流的影响,以对流热传递为主,不同静井时间的重复测温结果显示,静井时间的长短和井内流体的运移方式（抽水或回灌）控制了井内温度的分布及井内温度的动态变化：静井时间增加则测得的温度在中性点上下呈反向变化,生产井和回灌井的测温曲线存在明显不同,雄县热田第四系底部的温度为32.8 ℃～48 ℃,容城凸起为28 ℃～35 ℃,雄县热田第三系底部温度为64.5 ℃～81.3 ℃,容城凸起为45 ℃～60 ℃。雄县地热田盖层内的地温梯度为43.9～72.2 ℃/km之间,平均为51 ℃/km,容城凸起的井地温梯度为31.4～41.1 ℃/km,平均为37.1 ℃/km。雄县地热田内盖层导热流值变化为80.61～113.86 mW/m² 的范围。  相似文献   

岩心钻探事故孔偏斜钻进技术          下载免费PDF全文

邓亮  邓少东  张承飞 《贵州地质》2014,31(2):158-160

本文结合事故钻孔施工实例,简略介绍了钻探施工事故钻孔偏斜器的制作、施工工艺、钻进方法,提出了应用自制偏斜器绕开孔内遗留物继续钻进的注意事项。通过偏斜钻进,在保证钻孔质量的同时,达到钻孔地质目的,获得所需地质资料。  相似文献   

Assessing the Ecological Carrying Capacity of Countries along the Belt and Road     

DU Wenpeng  YAN Huimin  FENG Zhiming  YANG Yanzhao 《资源与生态学报(英文版)》2022,13(2):338-346

The Belt and Road Initiative (B&R Initiative) is a crucial strategy to promote regional sustainable development in the new era. However, the realization of the B&R Initiative faces huge challenges because of the dual characteristics of a fragile eco-environment and strong dependence on ecological resources for economic development in the Belt and Road (B&R) countries. The ecological carrying capacity (ECC) is a crucial indicator for evaluating regional sustainable development. From the perspective of the relationship between the supply and consumption of ecological resources, this study uses net primary productivity data to measure the supply capacity of ecological resources, and it uses the agricultural production and trade data provided by the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization to measure the level of ecological resource consumption. These supply and consumption data are then used to assess the ECC and ecological carrying status (ECS) of the B&R countries in 2017. The results show that: (1) The ECC of the B&R is 11.097 billion people; the ecosystem can also support 6.433 billion people, and the ECC is in a state of rich and surplus. (2) The ECS is polarized among the regions and countries along the B&R. Of the 65 countries, the ECC of 40 countries is in a rich and surplus state, mainly in Mid-East Europe and Southeast Asia, while the ECC of 19 countries is in severe overload, mainly in West Asia/Middle East. (3) Although the ecosystems still have ample carrying space in countries along the B&R, ecological protection is still facing enormous challenges during the implementation of the B&R Initiative combined with the internationally recognized ecological protection standards as well as the forecasts of the population and economic development. As the core content of building a new international trade network, the B&R Initiative will help to solve the spatial mismatch between the supply and consumption of ecological resources, which provides a new opportunity to coordinate the contradiction between the ecological protection and social demands of the B&R countries.  相似文献   

溴化锂的生产工艺综述          下载免费PDF全文

魏述彬  邓小川 《盐湖研究》2006,14(3):58-62

综述了国内外溴化锂生产方法,并指出了每种方法的优缺点,同时展望了今后溴化锂生产方法的发展方向。  相似文献   

Cosmogenic activation of a natural tellurium target     

《Astroparticle Physics》2015

¹³⁰Te is one of the candidates for the search for neutrinoless double beta decay. It is currently planned to be used in two experiments: CUORE and SNO+. In the CUORE experiment TeO₂ crystals cooled at cryogenic temperatures will be used. In the SNO+ experiment ^natTe will be deployed up to 0.3% loading in the liquid scintillator volume. A possible background for the signal searched for, are the high Q-value, long-lived isotopes, produced by cosmogenic neutron and proton spallation reaction on the target material. A total of 18 isotopes with Q-value larger than 2 MeV and T_1/2 > 20 days have been identified as potential backgrounds. In addition low Q-value, high rate isotopes can be problematic due to pile-up effects, specially in liquid scintillator based detectors. Production rates have been calculated using the ACTIVIA program, the TENDL library, and the cosmogenic neutron and proton flux parametrization at sea level from Armstrong and Gehrels for both long and short lived isotopes. The obtained values for the cross sections are compared with the existing experimental data and calculations. Good agreement has been generally found. The results have been applied to the SNO+ experiment for one year of exposure at sea level. Two possible cases have been considered: a two years of cooling down period deep underground, or a first purification on surface and 6 months of cooling down deep underground. Deep underground activation at the SNOLAB location has been considered.  相似文献   

黑洞旋转能量的电磁提取及其在天体物理中的应用   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

汪定雄 《天文学进展》2007,25(3):193-205

该文着重介绍了两种大尺度磁场提取黑洞旋转能量的机制,即BZ机制和MC机制,以及BZMC共存模型在天体物理中的应用。BZ机制对应于连接黑洞与遥远天体物理负载的"开放"磁力线,而MC机制对应于连接黑洞与吸积盘的"闭合"磁力线。在BZ过程中大尺度磁场把黑洞的旋转能量以Poynting能流的形式输送到天体物理负载,成为驱动黑洞系统的喷流和伽马射线暴的中心发动机。在MC过程中能量和角动量通过大尺度磁场在黑洞与吸积盘之间转移。BZMC共存模型在高能天体物理中的应用包括以下几个方面:1)对活动星系核与黑洞双星的陡发射指数的拟合;2)对黑洞X射线双星的高频QPO与喷流的相关性的解释;3)对伽马射线暴的能量、时标的拟合以及对伽马射线暴与超新星成协的解释。最后对另外两种大尺度磁场提能机制,即BP机制和PC机制也作了简略介绍。  相似文献   

An efficient approach for characterizing basin-scale hydrodynamics     

《Marine and Petroleum Geology》2017

As the upstream oil and gas sector continues to use more groundwater resources for their operations, a comprehensive understanding of formation fluids at the sedimentary basin scale is required to inventory and manage available groundwater resources. Basin-scale fluid flow is often simplified to only assess pre-development groundwater conditions without understanding how large-scale hydrocarbon development might be changing regional flow patterns. This study focuses on two aspects of hydrogeological mapping for characterizing basin-scale hydrodynamics: (1) assessing the influence of hydrocarbon production and injection on pressure measurements used to map hydraulic heads and infer groundwater conditions; and (2) determining the effects of variable density groundwater on understanding the magnitude and direction of flow primarily in saline formation water aquifers. Drillstem Tests (DST's) are transient pressure tests that are used to infer regional groundwater flow, but they can be strongly affected when the sample location is located within the vicinity of a hydrocarbon production or injection well. To identify production and injection influences this study implements a Cumulative Interference Index (CII) methodology. This implementation can be used to map pre-development groundwater flow conditions and evaluate regional changes or effects due to historical oil and gas activity. Density effects are often neglected and can have considerable effect on groundwater flow in cases where aquifers contain dense brines, are inclined and sloping, or possess weaker hydraulic gradients than the buoyancy force potential. This study implements a vectorial analysis to identify flow directions in regions where density driven flow is important and can change the inferred magnitude and direction of flow. Two case studies are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of these methodologies at evaluating basin-scale hydrodynamics.  相似文献   

Simulation and Evaluation of Terrestrial Ecosystem NPP with M-SDGVM over Continental China   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

MAO Jiafu  DAN Li  WANG Bin  DAI Yongjiu 《大气科学进展》2010,27(2):427-442

Using the regional terrestrial Net Primary Production (NPP) from different observations and models over China, we validated the NPP simulations and explored the relationship between NPP and climate variation at interannual and decadal scales in the Modified Sheffield Dynamic Global Vegetation Model (M-SDGVM) during 1981–2000. M-SDGVM shows agreement with the NPP data from 743 sites under the Global Primary Production Data Initiative (GPPDI). The spatial and the zonal averaged NPP of M-SDGVM agree well with ...  相似文献   

Assessing the spatial distribution of crop areas using a cross-entropy method   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Liangzhi You  Stanley Wood 《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2005,7(4):310-323

While crop production statistics are reported on a geopolitical – often national – basis, we often need to know, for example, the status of production or productivity within specific sub-regions, watersheds, or agro-ecological zones. Such re-aggregations are typically made using expert judgments or simple area-weighting rules. We describe a new, entropy-based approach to the plausible estimates of the spatial distribution of crop areas. Using this approach tabular crop production statistics are blended judiciously with an array of other secondary data to assess the areas of specific crops within individual ‘pixels’—typically 25–100 km² in size. The information utilized includes crop production statistics, farming system characterization, satellite-based interpretation of land cover, biophysical crop suitability assessments, and population density. An application is presented in which Brazilian state level production statistics are used to generate pixel level crop area data for eight crops. To validate the spatial allocation we aggregated the pixel estimates to obtain synthetic estimates of municipality level areas in Brazil, and compared those estimates with actual municipality statistics. The approach produced extremely promising results. We then examined the robustness of these results compared to simplified approaches to spatializing crop production statistics and showed that, while computationally intensive, the cross-entropy method does provide more reliable spatial allocations.  相似文献   

怒江州产业结构调整的生产要素分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李益敏 《热带地理》2007,27(3):264-268

通过对怒江州产业结构调整的优势和劣势生产要素分析,依据市场前景广阔、产业关联度大、带动性强、经济效益好、能够支撑和带动本行业快速发展的主导产业选择原则,提出围绕矿产、水电和旅游3大资源进行扶贫-发展,立足怒江水电开发,以兰坪铅锌矿为重点的矿业开发,以民族文化、旅游景点和旅游环线为重点的旅游开发,以畜牧业和绿色产业为重点的现代农业发展作为主攻方向,推进怒江州产业结构的全面优化升级。  相似文献