极地环境监测网的设计及其在南极普里兹湾的应用     

程文芳  朱建钢  吴荣荣  詹德川  陆大海  闫可  郑小罗 《海洋科学》2018,42(2):34-45

为了保护南极和北极的生态系统和环境,中国自20世纪90年代初开始推行和实施了极地环境监测计划,部署了各学科监测传感器阵列;采集了多学科数据,包括海洋、大气、冰冻圈、生物圈等主题;架构了"R/V雪龙号破冰船—极地考察站—国内基地"之间的快速数据传输网络;建立了海洋环境监测系统、太阳能地面空间监测系统、生态环境监测系统等系列监测系统。为了实现长期监测,达到预测和预警目标,本文针对国内外现状,在现有基础上设计了一套中国极地环境长期监测网(Polar Environment monitoring network of China,CPEMN)。该监测网集成各监测系统并在监测指标设计上覆盖我国极地所有常规监测/观测任务,且根据国际科研动态和长期监测规划拓展了预期监测范围。最后本文利用南极普里兹湾进行的破冰导航应用示范验证了CPEMN具有可执行性。  相似文献   

湛江经济跨越式发展路径探讨     

闫玉科 《广东海洋大学学报》2009,29(2)

湛江具有独特的区位、自然资源和政策优势,但湛江经济发展与广东省其他城市及同批沿海开放城市相比却日趋落后。在剖析湛江经济发展中存在问题的基础上,提出了湛江各级政府应准确定位,彻底转变职能;做大做强支柱产业,积极培育战略产业;加大扶持农业龙头企业力度,提升湛江名牌、特色产品国际竞争力等实现湛江经济跨越式发展的路径。  相似文献   

南海北部C4站柱状沉积中的孢粉组合及其古环境意义     

张玉兰  龙江平 《海洋学研究》2009,27(2):1-6

对南海北部C4站柱状沉积剖面进行了高分辨率孢粉、藻类成分的分析和研究,同时测定了部分样品的AMS14C年代,划分了该站柱状沉积物地层时代,相应恢复了南海北部9 800 a B P以来植被、气候、环境的3个演替阶段.南海北部C4站从下至上可划分成3个孢粉组合带,依次为:1带(258～194 cm):以Pinus-Quercus(常绿)-Polypodiaceae-Pterdium-Pteris-Dicranopteris-Adiantum为主孢粉带;2带(194～94 cm):以Pinus-Quercus(常绿)-Pteridium-Polypodiaceae-Microlepia-Dicranopteris为主孢粉带;3带(94～4 cm):以Pinus-Pteridium-Polypodiaceae-Quercus(常绿)-Microlepia-Dicranopteris为主孢粉带.与3个孢粉带相对应的古植被阶段依次为:伴有针叶树的常绿阔叶、落叶阔叶混交林,热带半常绿季雨林,热带常绿阔叶、落叶阔叶混交林,与周边地区的植被演替相一致.由此可见,研究区经历了全新世早期气候转暖,中期气候炎热、干湿季明显、海平面上升以及晚期气候暖热、湿润3个古环境演变阶段.  相似文献   

三组火山强迫资料差异及其对模式模拟结果的影响     

高雅  高超超 《气候变化研究进展》2021,17(3):305-316

Gao2008、Crowley2013和Sigl2015火山强迫资料,均基于极地冰芯重建.由于每组重建使用的冰芯数据和分析方法等不同,因此结果存在差异,从而影响气候模式应用.文中详细梳理三组火山强迫资料在原始冰芯数据、信号识别提取和沉积通量计算等方面的差异;介绍重建中涉及的对未知火山事件发生季节、纬度及从极地硫酸盐沉积...  相似文献   

Governance and technology transfer in the Clean Development Mechanism in India     

Jon Phillips  Kasturi Das  Peter Newell 《Global Environmental Change》2013,23(6):1594-1604

Despite significant technological advances in emerging economies, the further development of clean energy technologies in developing countries remains crucial to reducing the greenhouse gas emissions associated with economic development. In this paper we address two significant gaps in the growing body of literature that has assessed the role of the Clean Development Mechanism in promoting the transfer of clean technologies to developing countries. First, we present a qualitative analysis of the governance of the Clean Development Mechanism in India. This provides a basis for understanding the extent to which and the ways in which governance may impact upon the likelihood that projects promote technology transfer. Second, we provide a novel quantification of the level and nature of technology transfer that has occurred in Indian Clean Development Mechanism projects, based on insights from literature on technological capability building. We find that the Clean Development Mechanism in India has produced a negligible number of projects that promote technology transfer if technology transfer is understood as a process of learning about technology. Together these qualitative and quantitative analyses show how politics and governance have contributed to the current form of the Clean Development Mechanism market in India, in which processes of building indigenous technological capabilities have been neglected.  相似文献   

最近十年来中国地理科学的进展   总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10  

任美锷 《地理学报》1990,(2)

最近十年来中国地理科学的最重要进展有:自然地理学与人文地理学的平衡发展,人口、资源、环境的研究,遥感的应用与地理信息系统的建立,自然地理定位观测,青藏高原隆起对自然环境的影响,城市与城市规划,中国历史地理研究等。最近,并已开始研究气候变化与海平面上升对中国的影响,使我国地理科学研究紧紧跟上世界发展的步伐。  相似文献   

Observations of mid-troposhheric circulation from water vapour radiances of polar orbiting satellites     

M S Narayanan  P K Pal  P C Joshi  M Mali  Baby Simon 《Journal of Earth System Science》1989,98(3):247-254

Water vapour tracers can provide useful information on winds at ≈ 500mb by observing the 6·7μ radiances. This fills the data gap in the cloud motion winds provided by conventional meteorological geostationary satellites. There is no geostationary satellite at present over the Indian Ocean with 6·7μ imaging capability to provide mid-tropospheric winds. The potentials of 6·7μ radiances, available from polar orbiting satellites, for mid-tropospheric circulation features have been examined in this study. Tiros-N satellite data of May 1979 and ECMWF level-IIIb wind data were analysed to relate the radiances with the streamlines. We find that the radiances of 6·7μ from orbiting satellites agree well with the wind field.  相似文献   

Late Quaternary record of sea-level changes in the Antarctic     

H. Grobe  P. Huybrechts  D. K. Fütterer 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》1993,82(2):263-275

The Late Quaternary sediment sequence of the continental margin in the eastern Weddell Sea is well suited for palaeoenvironmental reconstructions. Two cores from the upper slope, which contain the sedimentary record of the last 300 ky, have been sedimentologically investigated. Age models are based on lithostratigraphy and are correlated with the stable isotope record. As a result of a detailed analysis of the clay mineral composition, grain size distributions and structures, this sedimentary record provides the first marine evidence that the Antarctic ice sheet extended to the shelf edge during the last glacial.The variations in volume and size of the ice sheet were also simulated in numerical models. Changes in accumulation rate and ice temperature are of some importance, but the model revealed that fluctuations are primarily driven by changes in eustatic sea-level and that the ice edge extended to the shelf edge during the last glacial maximum. This causal relationship implies that the maximum ice extension strongly depends on the magnitude and duration of the sea-level depression during a glacial period. The results of the sedimentological investigations and of the numerical models show that the Antarctic ice sheet follows glacial events in the northern hemisphere by teleconnections of sea level. Correspondence to: H. Grobe  相似文献   

云南澜沧江流域热区资源开发及热作基地建设研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李凤钊  彭永岸 《热带地理》1994,14(3):210-217

本文通过对澜沧江流域热区资源的分析，认为该区种植热带橡胶、香料、咖啡、南药、热果、发展甘蔗、茶叶、建立各种热作基地是开发利用热区资源的主要途径；热作布局应在立体布局和地域布局基础上形成大分散、小集中的专业化布局；热区开发应采取相应的措施和特殊政策。  相似文献   

论水土保持与金沙江农业综合开发：以云南省为例   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

陈循谦 《云南地理环境研究》1994,6(2):61-67

金沙江流域光、热、土地等自然资源丰富，已经引起各方面的关注，正在进行农业综合开发。由于特殊的地质构造和特定的自然地理环境，其开发必须搞好水土保持。水土保持是金沙江农业综合开发的基础和环境保护的重要内容，水土保持型生态农业是金沙江农业综合开发的道路。  相似文献