Ecological assessment of highly heterogeneous systems: The importance of taxonomic sufficiency     

Cristina Trigal-Domínguez  Camino Fernández-Aláez  Francisco García-Criado 《Limnologica》2010,40(3):208-214

We assess the effects of taxonomic resolution (genus-family levels) on the ecological assessment of 39 highly heterogeneous ponds located in north-western Spain.Non-metric multidimensional scaling (MDS) and one-way analysis of similarities (ANOSIM) were used to investigate the effects of taxonomic resolution on the macroinvertebrate assemblage structure. The Mann Whitney U-test and discrimination efficiency were used to assess the ability of nine diversity measures (total richness, rarefied richness samples of 25, 50 and 100 individuals, Margalef's index, Pielou's evenness, Shannon-Weaver's index, Simpson's index and percent dominant taxon) to discriminate between acceptable (best available and good conditions) and unacceptable (moderate, poor and very poor) conditions using three levels of taxonomic resolution: (i) family, (ii) family plus subfamilies of benthic non-biting midges and (iii) genus level.Based on non-metric MDS, the macroinvertebrate assemblages of ponds of acceptable (A) and unacceptable (N) conditions were statistically undistinguishable, both at genus and family levels. On the other hand, based on several community metrics (total richness, Margalef index, etc.) the two sets of samples were statistically different, although only when the genus or the subfamily level was used and after Bonferroni correction. These results suggest that the structure of macroinvertebrate assemblages by itself is more sensitive than the specific composition in distinguishing the fauna living in acceptable and unacceptable conditions. Moreover, dealing with families including many taxa generally showing different tolerance to disturbance may lead to misclassification of ponds. We agree, however, that the two approaches, i.e. assemblage composition and diversity measures, are conceptually different and hence they should be used in combination for a better understanding of the response of single metrics.  相似文献   

Biological assessment of the Zayandeh Rud River, Iran, using benthic macroinvertebrates   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Mohammad Nemati Varnosfaderany  Esa Ebrahimi  Noorolla Mirghaffary  Alireza Safyanian 《Limnologica》2010,40(3):226-232

Benthic macroinvertebrate communities from the middle of Zayandeh Rud River were analyzed monthly during 1 year at 8 stations, in order to assess changes in their diversity and richness in relation to water quality. Two major groups of sites based on similarity between macroinvertebrate communities were identified by cluster analysis. The performances of the original and revised BMWP score systems were assessed by comparing the community structure indices of benthic macroinvertebrates along with physico-chemical parameters of the water. The biotic indices (BMWP, ASPT, revised BMWP and ASPT) showed better correlation with water quality parameters than that of the richness and diversity indices. The revised ASPT had the highest correlation with water quality parameters. It seems that the application of the revised BMWP score system could be useful for assessment of the water quality in Zayandeh Rud River.  相似文献   

Temporal abiotic variability structures invertebrate communities in agricultural drainage ditches     

《Limnologica》2015

Abiotic variability is known to structure lotic invertebrate communities, yet its influence on lentic invertebrates is not clear. This study tests the hypothesis that variability of nutrients and macro-ions are structuring invertebrate communities in agricultural drainage ditches. This was determined by investigating invertebrate adaptations to disturbance using insect life-history strategies. Many low-lying agricultural areas contain drainage ditches which potentially provide suitable habitat for aquatic invertebrates. In the province of North Holland (The Netherlands) the extensive network of eutrophic ditches are hydrologically managed, creating seasonal variability of water quality arising from agricultural run-off and the inlet of mineral rich, river derived water. This temporal variability was analysed from monitoring data, collected over a 7 month period (February till August) and covering 84 ditches in three soil regions; sand, clay and peat. Invertebrate diversity was determined as local (α diversity), regional (γ diversity) and species-turnover (β diversity). We ran canonical correspondence analysis and linear mixed models to determine correlations between invertebrate diversity, functional community composition and specific abiotic parameters, including variability (expressed as the Median Absolute Deviation). Invertebrate α diversity was positively correlated to variability in water transparency and negatively correlated to average pH, with the two parameters reflecting a water quality gradient in the environment. Insect life-history strategies expressed adaptations to abiotic variability and harsh (eutrophic) conditions. These adaptations were mainly achieved through good dispersal abilities and developmental trade-offs. The results support measures to reduce influxes of excess nutrients to this network of ditches.  相似文献   

Biodiversity in the Benthic Diatom Community in the Upper River Töss Reflected in Water Quality Indices     

Lirika Kupe  Ferdinand Schanz  Reinhard Bachofen 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2008,36(1):84-91

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元古宙蛇绿岩研究中有关问题的讨论   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

倪志耀  王仁民  袁建平 《地球科学进展》1999,14(5):468-474

经过20余年的不懈努力,元古宙蛇绿岩研究已取得了巨大进展。元古宙蛇绿岩的保存特点、多样性、高压超高压变质作用、地质年代学及研究方法(方法论)等几个关键问题尚需进一步探索。我国元古宙蛇绿岩研究应加强构造—岩性的综合研究,并通过同位素测年和地球化学示踪,获取可信的成因信息;同时,还需考虑元古宙洋壳的地球化学特殊性及后期变形变质作用的影响,不能简单套用显生宙蛇绿岩的判别图解和研究方法。  相似文献   

A diverse ichnofauna from silurian flysch of the aberystwyth grits formation,Wales     

T. P. Crimes  J. D. Crossley 《Geological Journal》1991,26(1):27-64

The most extensive ichnofauna yet recorded from a deep water Lower Palaeozoic sequence occurs within the distal turbidites of the Lower Silurian Aberystwyth Grits Formation of Central Wales. The strata contain an abundant assemblage comprising 25 ichnogenera: Asteriacites, Bergaueria, Chondrites, Cochlichnus, Cosmorhaphe, Glockerichnus, Gordia, Helicolithus, Helminthopsis, Helminthoida, Hormosiroidea, Lorenzinia, Megagrapton, Monomorphichnus, Neonereites, Nereites, Palaeophycus, Paleodictyon, Planolites, Protopaleodictyon, Spirorhaphe, Spirophycus, Squamodictyon, Subphyllochorda, Taphrhelminthopsis; 36 ichnospecies are described, three of which (Asteriacites aberensis, Helminthopsis regularis, Cosmorhaphe elongata) are new. The inorganic sedimentary structures and trace fossils of some 418 sandstone beds were examined in detail; 16 per cent of the beds commence with Divisions A or B and 84 per cent with Division C of the turbidite sequence. This indicates a relatively distal environment, mainly receiving low velocity turbidity currents, and favouring trace fossil preservation. The most common traces were Helminthopsis, Paleodictyon, and Squamodictyon which were found on 46 per cent, 34 per cent, and 19 per cent of the beds examined. Data from this, and other recently described sequences, confirms that there was a gradual increase in trace fossil diversity in the deep oceans throughout the Lower Palaeozoic, in contrast to the situation in shallow water shelf seas where a peak was reached as early as the Lower Cambrian.  相似文献   

Diversity, distribution and prioritization of fodder species for conservation in Kullu District, Northwestern Himalaya, India     

S. S. Samant Man Singh Manohar Lal Shreekar Pant 《山地科学学报》2007,4(3):259-274

In the Indian Himalayan Region predominantly rural in character, livestock is one of the main sources of livelihood and integral part of the economy. Livestock mostly rely on fodder from wild. The diversity, distribution, utilization pattern, nativity, endemism, rarity, seasonality of availability, nutritive values, perceived economic values and pressure use index of livestock have not been studied. The present study attempts to enumerate 150 species of fodder representing trees (51 spp.), shrubs (54 spp.) and herbs (45 spp.). Poaceae (19 spp.) and Fabaceae (13 spp.) amongst families and Salix (6 spp.), Ficus, Clematis, and Desmodium (5 spp., each) amongst genera are rich in species. Maximum species were found in the 1801 ~ 2600 m zone, and the remaining two zones showed relatively low diversity. Out of the 150 species, 109 are used in summer, 5 winter and 36 throughout year. During rainy season, mostly grasses are used as fodder. Only 83 species are native to the Himalayan region, one species, Strobilanthus atropuroureus is endemic and 35 species are near endemic. The nutritive values of the fodder species were reviewed, and economic values and status of the species were also assessed. The pressure use index of the species was calculated on the basis of cumulative values of the utilization pattern, altitudinal distribution, availability, status, nativity and endemism. Amongst the species, Grewia oppositifoilia, Morus serrata, Indigofera heterantha, Quercus leucotrichphora, Ulmus villosa, U. wallichiana and Aesculus indica showed highest PUI indicating high preference and pressure. Season wise prioritization of the species for different altitudinal zones has been done. Appropriate strategy and action plan have been suggested for the conservation and management of fodder species.  相似文献   

深海微生物多样性形成机制浅析   总被引：14，自引：0，他引：14  

席峰  郑天凌  焦念志  张瑶 《地球科学进展》2004,19(1):38-046

随着全球人口、资源与环境问题的加剧,人类把目光投向海洋。深海包含在极酸、极碱、极热、极冷、高盐、高压等极端环境下能够生存繁衍的微生物。与陆地微生物比较,它们可能具备某些不同的代谢途径和遗传背景。对极端环境微生物生存与适应机制的研究将加深我们对深海微生物乃至深海生物圈对全球气候影响的理解,也将促进我们对深海微生物资源和深海矿产资源的开发。在综合以往对各种极端环境下微生物研究的基础上对深海微生物的生存及适应机制进行了分析与阐释,为深海微生物的研究提供参考。  相似文献   

烟台海滨潮间带岩岸环境无脊椎动物群落特性的初步研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

庄树宏 《海洋科学进展》1997,(3)

本文所研究的烟台沿海潮间带岩带环境无脊椎动物群落的最小样方面积为4m3。石沟屯的无脊椎动物群落种的多样性与蛇们岛和雨岱山两地的无脊椎动物群落种的多样性存在显著差异（P＜0．01），以石沟屯的多样性指数最高（Shannon－WienerIndexH＝0．888），生物密度最大（6702个体／m），且石沟屯的无脊椎动物群落的结构与崆峒岛和雨岱山的存在明显差异。水体一定程度的富营养化和风浪的影响是造成所研究的岩岸环境无脊椎动物群落的结构与多样性差异的主要原因。所研究的三地无脊椎动物群落都以东方小藤壶为绝对优势种，以东方小藤壶、黑荞麦蛤和短滨螺3个优势种决定着所研究的烟台岩岸环境无脊椎动物群落的结构和外貌。  相似文献   

Is the Determination of Meiobenthic Diversity Affected by the Sampling Method in Sandy Beaches?     

N. Gourbault  R. M. Warwick 《Marine Ecology》1994,15(3-4):267-279

Abstract. Meiobenthic samples were collected by two different methods from the microtidal coralline sand beach at Gosier, Guadeloupe, West Indies: (I) vertical cores and (2) the K araman /C happuis (KC) technique of digging a hole and filtering the seepage water from the bottom. Nematode species diversity was unaffected by the sampling method, but nematode species composition differed. There was no evidence from statistical analysis to suggest differences in diversity or composition of higher taxa between sampling methods, although gastrotrichs appeared to be underrepresented by the KC technique.  相似文献