关于多波束声速剖面改正问题的探讨          下载免费PDF全文

周坚  周青  吕良  陈春  黄海轮 《海洋测绘》2014,(4):62-65

简要介绍了声线跟踪计算中比较精确的常梯度声线跟踪算法,针对实际声速剖面测量中可能出现的随机误差和整体偏差两种情况,分别设计了相对应的模拟声速剖面,然后采用常梯度声线跟踪算法计算波束脚印,分析声速剖面误差对波束脚印计算的影响,给出了实际多波束测量作业中声速剖面测定密度和间隔的建议。  相似文献   

多元系统耦合多新息随机梯度类辨识方法     

丁锋  汪菲菲 《南京气象学院学报》2014,6(1):1-16

针对多元线性回归系统,利用耦合辨识概念和多新息辨识理论,讨论了多元随机梯度算法、多元多新息随机梯度算法,以及变递推间隔多元多新息梯度算法,进一步分解多元系统为一些子系统,给出了耦合子系统随机梯度算法、耦合随机梯度算法、耦合子系统多新息随机梯度算法、耦合多新息随机梯度算法,并将这些方法推广到多元伪线性滑动平均系统和多元伪线性自回归滑动平均系统.文中给出了几个典型耦合随机梯度算法、耦合多新息随机梯度算法的计算步骤和示意图.  相似文献   

规范状态空间系统辨识方法     

丁锋  马兴云 《南京气象学院学报》2014,6(6):481-504

因为状态空间模型既包含了未知状态,又包含了未知参数,且二者是非线性乘积关系,使得辨识问题变得复杂.针对这一问题,详细研究了规范状态空间系统的状态与参数联合估计方法.采用交互估计理论,即采用递推方法或迭代方法实现系统状态与参数的交互估计.基本思路是在计算参数估计时,辨识算法信息向量中的未知状态用其估计值代替,然后利用获得的参数估计,设计基于参数估计的状态观测器或基于参数估计的Kalman滤波算法估计系统的状态,二者形成一个交互计算过程(递阶计算过程).沿着这条思路,分别从递推方案和迭代方案,研究和提出了基于状态观测器和基于Kalman滤波状态估计的随机梯度辨识算法、递推最小二乘辨识算法、多新息随机梯度辨识算法、多新息最小二乘辨识算法,以及模型分解的辨识算法,并给出了几个典型算法的计算步骤、流程图和计算量.  相似文献   

Application of a Derivative-Free Method with Projection Skill to Solve an Optimization Problem          下载免费PDF全文

PENG Fei  SUN Guo-Dong 《大气和海洋科学快报》2014,7(6):499-504

Improving numerical forecasting skill in the atmospheric and oceanic sciences by solving optimization problems is an important issue. One such method is to compute the conditional nonlinear optimal perturbation（CNOP）, which has been applied widely in predictability studies. In this study, the Differential Evolution（DE） algorithm, which is a derivative-free algorithm and has been applied to obtain CNOPs for exploring the uncertainty of terrestrial ecosystem processes, was employed to obtain the CNOPs for finite-dimensional optimization problems with ball constraint conditions using Burgers＇ equation. The aim was first to test if the CNOP calculated by the DE algorithm is similar to that computed by traditional optimization algorithms, such as the Spectral Projected Gradient（SPG2） algorithm. The second motive was to supply a possible route through which the CNOP approach can be applied in predictability studies in the atmospheric and oceanic sciences without obtaining a model adjoint system, or for optimization problems with non-differentiable cost functions. A projection skill was first explanted to the DE algorithm to calculate the CNOPs. To validate the algorithm, the SPG2 algorithm was also applied to obtain the CNOPs for the same optimization problems. The results showed that the CNOPs obtained by the DE algorithm were nearly the same as those obtained by the SPG2 algorithm in terms of their spatial distributions and nonlinear evolutions. The implication is that the DE algorithm could be employed to calculate the optimal values of optimization problems, especially for non-differentiable and nonlinear optimization problems associated with the atmospheric and oceanic sciences.  相似文献   

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苏勇  范东明  黄强 《大地测量与地球动力学》2014,34(3):151-154

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一种基于Curvelet变换的图像放大方法研究     

李建平  张泠 《北京测绘》2014,(1):4-7

Curvelet变换是近几年发展的一个新的多尺度几何分析方法。在分析主要的图像放大算法及Curvelet变换的基础上,提出了一种新的基于Curvelet变换的图像放大方法。为了验证算法,设计了仿真实验,与传统的二次线性和立方卷积图像放大方法进行比较。结果表明,在保持原始图像的结构信息方面,本文方法要优于其他图像放大方法。  相似文献   

Investigating rural poverty and marginality in Burkina Faso using remote sensing-based products     

《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2014

Poverty at the national and sub-national level is commonly mapped on the basis of household surveys. Typical poverty metrics like the head count index are not able to identify its underlaying factors, particularly in rural economies based on subsistence agriculture. This paper relates agro-ecological marginality identified from regional and global datasets including remote sensing products like the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and rainfall to rural agricultural production and food consumption in Burkina Faso. The objective is to analyze poverty patterns and to generate a fine resolution poverty map at the national scale. We compose a new indicator from a range of welfare indicators quantified from Georeferenced household surveys, indicating a spatially varying set of welfare and poverty states of rural communities. Next, a local spatial regression is used to relate each welfare and poverty state to the agro-ecological marginality. Our results show strong spatial dependency of welfare and poverty states over agro-ecological marginality in heterogeneous regions, indicating that environmental factors affect living conditions in rural communities. The agro-ecological stress and related marginality vary locally between rural communities within each region. About 58% variance in the welfare indicator is explained by the factors of rural agricultural production and 42% is explained by the factor of food consumption. We found that the spatially explicit approach based on multi-temporal remote sensing products effectively summarizes information on poverty and facilitates further interpretation of the newly developed welfare indicator. The proposed method was validated with poverty incidence obtained from national surveys.  相似文献   

Divergent responses of Qinghai spruce (Picea crassifolia) to recent warming along elevational gradients in the central Qilian Mountains,Northwest China     

ZHANG Weiguo  GOU Xiaohua  ZHANG Fen  LIU Wenhuo  ZHANG Yun  GAO Linlin 《地理学报(英文版)》2023,33(1):151-168

Understanding the radial growth trends of trees and their response to recent warming along elevation gradients is crucial for assessing how forests will be impacted by future climate change. Here, we collected 242 tree-ring cores from five plots across the Qinghai spruce (Picea crassifolia Kom.) forest belt (2600-3350 m a.s.l.) in the central Qilian Mountains, Northwest China, to study trends in the radial growth of trees and their response to climate factors with variable elevation. All the sampled P. crassifolia chronologies showed an increasing trend in the radial growth of trees at higher altitudes (3000-3350 m), whereas the radial growth of trees at lower altitudes (2600-2800 m) has decreased in recent decades. The radial growth of trees was limited by precipitation at lower elevations (L, ML), but mainly by temperature at higher elevation sites (MH, H, TL). Climate warming has caused an unprecedented increase in the radial growth of P. crassifolia at higher elevations. Our results suggest that ongoing climate warming is beneficial to forest ecosystems at high elevations but restricts the growth of forest ecosystems at low elevations.  相似文献   

利用梯度重建的稳健多频InSAR相位解缠方法   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

葛仕奇  陈亮  丁泽刚  龙腾 《测绘学报》2013,42(3):367-373,396

为解决常规InSAR系统因干涉相位欠采样所导致的陡峭地区高程提取困难问题,提出一种利用多频干涉量进行相位梯度重建并实现相位解缠的处理方法。基于干涉相位的统计分布特性,研究了多频InSAR相位梯度的最大似然估计原理,针对有限观测频点情况下梯度解模糊性能对相位噪声敏感的问题,提出通过基于邻点集的局部曲面建模进行相位梯度重建的稳健算法,并从频点选择、估计区间限定等方面进一步研究了提高算法稳健性的途径。最后通过对仿真和实际DEM数据的试验,验证该方法的有效性。  相似文献   

利用激光雷达探测灰霾天气大气边界层高度   总被引：9，自引：1，他引：8  

张婉春  张莹  吕阳  李凯涛  李正强 《遥感学报》2013,17(4):981-992

为了探测灰霾天气大气边界层高度变化的特征,利用CE370-C型微脉冲激光雷达观测了北京2013年1月严重灰霾期间的大气边界层高度。基于激光雷达距离校正回波信号,使用梯度法处理了严重灰霾天和轻度灰霾天的大气边界层观测数据,发现在灰霾天气时大气边界层高度显著降低,严重污染时的大气边界层高度低于500米,日平均高度约424米,且与PM2.5浓度呈现明显的负相关性。将激光雷达探测结果与探空数据进行了对比分析,结果显示激光雷达与探空数据观测结果有较好的一致性,两者在本次灰霾期间的平均差异约为86米。  相似文献