基于遥感技术的土地利用现状图的制作     

任向红  仇生泉 《地理空间信息》2007,5(1):102-104

借助红寺堡开发区1:10000土地利用现状调查工作,概述了基于遥感影像的土地利用现状图的制作过程,并对成果进行了分析和评价。为在宁夏将遥感技术应用于土地祥查奠定了基础,也为土地调查统计提供了新的有效途径和方法,提高了效率和现势性。  相似文献   

塔里木河下游生态输水效益的民意调查   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

徐海量  王小平  叶茂  艾合买提·那由甫  吾买尔江·吾布力 《地理研究》2007,26(2):346-354

生态保护与环境整治是塔里木河下游生态输水工程的主要目标,因此输水能否起到改善环境和推动地方经济的发展是社会各界所关注的一个热点问题。本文采用问卷调查的方法,试图真实反映生态输水工程的社会效益。结果表明:(1) 90%以上常年生活在当地的被调查者,感受到生态输水对其本人以及其生活的环境的积极影响,因此希望继续输水的人数超过82%。(2)超过76%的家庭年收入在输水后得到不同程度的增加,表明输水后环境的变化对当地经济起到了一定的促进作用。(3)从当地居民对输水工程的继续开展的支付意愿看,70%以上的居民都表现出愿意出劳动力的强烈愿望;愿意出钱的比例为15%,两者都愿意支付的比例为6%左右。这一方面说明当地居民对继续输水的强烈渴望,也说明恢复环境的支付意愿是与当地的经济发展水平和个人生活水平紧密联系的。(4)从居民对环境变化明显程度的选项看,输水前后生态环境变化的明显程度依次为:风沙强度减弱﹥风沙次数减少﹥树草长势好转﹥野生动物增多﹥树草数量增加,这与环境监测的结果基本一致。总之,生态输水对当地居民生活和生态环境产生了很大影响,塔里木河下游生态输水的社会效益显著。  相似文献   

内蒙古鄂尔多斯高原古冰缘遗迹科学考察研究进展     

何瑞霞  金会军  蒋观利  张泽  陈雪梅  Raul David SERBAN  Mihaela SERBAN  Jef VANDENBERGHE  Valentin V.SPEKTOR  Hugh M.FRENCH 《冰川冻土》2021,43(1):263-273

冰缘遗迹(特别是冷生楔形构造及融冻褶皱)是重建古气候及第四纪晚期多年冻土环境的重要证据.内蒙古鄂尔多斯高原是我国北方地区冰缘现象最为发育的地区之一.为准确了解鄂尔多斯高原冰缘遗迹类型及其分布特征、区域冻土演化历史等,中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院和荷兰自由大学共同组成科研小组,于2018年5—6月组织了"鄂尔多斯高原...  相似文献   

Reconstruction of earthquake hazard in regions of sparse seismic monitoring     

Amr S. Elnashai 《地震工程与工程振动(英文版)》2007,6(2):99-109

Studying strong motion records and the spatial distribution of ground shaking is of great importance in understanding the underlying causes of damage in earthquakes. Many regions in the world are either not instrumented or are sparsely instrumented. As such, significant opportunities for motion-damage correlations are lost. Two recent and damaging earthquakes belong to the class of lost opportunities, namely the Kashmir (Pakistan) earthquake of October 2005 and the Yogyakarta (Indonesia) earthquake of May 2006. In this paper, an overview of the importance of supply and demand studies in earthquake-stricken regions is given, followed by two examples of investigative engineering seismology aimed at reconstructing the hazard from sparse data. The paper closes with a plea for responsible authorities to invest in seismic monitoring networks in the very near future.  相似文献   

In situ yield behaviour of a coal pillar     

David A. Newman 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》1989,7(2):163-170

Summary An indication of the complete stress-strain behaviour of coal was obtained through instrumenting a headgate yield pillar and monitoring the changes in vertical and horizontal pillar stress, pillar strain, and roof-floor convergence as a function of time and distance from the moving longwall face. A semiautomated monitoring program was conducted over a 5 month period as the longwall face advanced toward and eventually passed the instrumented pillar. The development of a confined core and yield zone within the pillar was confirmed by the vertical and horizontal stress changes. Thein situ pre-failure (208 to 661 MPa) and post-failure moduli (55 to 208 MPa) of the coal were determined from the change in pillar stress versus pillar strain. Thein situ moduli are an order of magnitude lower than the 3450 MPa, commonly assumed for coal.  相似文献   

1989 Datong-Yanggao Earthquake with Ms=6.1     

Liu Wei  An Weiping  Zhao XinpmgSetomological Bureau of Shanxi Province  Taiyuan  China 《中国地震研究》1994,(3)

In this paper,the basic conditions and characteristics of the Datong-Yanggao earthquake are described in detail.The type of the earthquake,the aftershock activity,the earthquake trend,the characteristics of damage are analyzed and discussed.This earthquake belongs to a sequence of earthquake swarm type and is of the concentratedly occurring characteristics of several main shocks in a time sequence,and the aftershock activity was normally attenuated.Because of the unreasonable design of buildings and repeated vibration by several destructive main shocks within a short period,the damage in the high intensity region was aggravated.The analysis and the prediction procedure of the 1991 Datong-Yanggao earthquake(Ms=5.8)are also briefly given.  相似文献   

18—23MSP 多光谱航空摄影技术     

夔中羽  牛普宁 《遥感学报》1991,(4)

此项研究是国家科技攻关项目。在研究此课题以前,世界上采用的多光谱航空摄影机一直是小像幅的(大部分为6cmx6cm,代称为6MSP)。6MSP不能测图,分光“有害吸收”大,故图像质量差,且像幅小,飞行和后期加工量极大。本研究采用18cm×l8cm和23cm×23cm像幅航空摄影测量像机组成多光谱像机组,并设计了“截止滤光镜一特制感光胶片”组合的无“有害吸收”的分光系统,使本多光谱航空摄影像幅比6MSP加大了9倍和14.7倍,并能“一摄多用”,既能测图,又能进行资源调查和环境监测,其图像因无“有害吸收”,分光质量高,可供目视判读,也可输入计算机进行准确地物分类解译。18-23MSP是一项有效的航空遥感技术。  相似文献   

五寨4.8ML地震宏观考察与震害评估     

Survey Group of Wuzhai Earthquake 《山西地震》1995,(2):42-47

本文介绍了对１９９３的９月１１日五寨４．８ＭＬ地震的考察情况，确定宏观震中在五寨县丰兑坡与河曲县土沟村一带，震中烈度为６度。计算得出本次地震的总经济损失约１５万元。  相似文献   

邢台地震房屋破坏率的正态性X￣2检验     

程家喻 《地震地质》1995,17(3):285

对１９６６年３月８日和３月２２日台地震中的房屋破坏情况进行统计，计算了地震区主要房屋土坯墙房在Ⅳ～Ⅸ度中的毁坏率、严重破坏率和中等破坏率。通过Ｘ￣２检验得出，Ⅵ度和Ⅸ度区房屋毁坏率、严重破坏率和中等破坏率的分布均服从正态分布  相似文献   

关于"和平花园"静压预应力管桩施工的技术、质量探讨     

杨宇星 《地质灾害与环境保护》2001,12(4):41-43

白恶统红层强烈风化复杂工程地质条件下,基础处理采用静压预应力管桩,可能出现管桩长度难以控制“超长桩”现象,广州和平花园施工实践表明,局部管桩长度难以控制,主要与持力层度剧烈变化及有上硬下软或硬夹层的工程地质条件有关。“超长桩”现象为一般管桩通过硬夹层折射;断桩在某软弱部位堆积造成。  相似文献