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51.
THE RESPONSE OF SUMMER DRYNESS/WETNESS PROBABILITY IN NORTH CHINA TO GLOBAL WARMING 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
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Huang Jiayou 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》1994,8(1):41-50
Using the data of summer(June—August)precipitation during the period of 1951—1990 in 14 stations over NorthChina,the wetness probability(WP)series based on gamma distribution has been built.Main temporal and spatial char-acteristics for the series of WP in the stations are extracted by using empirical orthogonal functions(EOFs).The spatialpatterns show that the dryness/wetness variations in the stations in the area are consistent with each other and its maincharacteristics can be represented by the WP series in Beijing.Having analysed the WP series of 120 years(1870—1989)in Beijing,the results show that the dry tendency has a re-sponse to the global warming.The variation of the dryness/wetness in the stations is associated with the temperaturevariation in the Northern Hemisphere.Their relation is negative.The degree of the reliance is associated with the centuryvariation of the temperature. 相似文献
52.
地球物理测井是利用各种现代物理学的方法(包括电学、声学、核物理、热学、光学、磁学、力学等)对储层空间的油气水特性、沉积环境、地层层序、构造地质等现象进行定量研究,逐步形成的一门理论性、实用性很强的边缘学科.海洋测井作业环境更为特殊而复杂,不但投资大、作业风险大,而且具有技术高度密集、技术难度大的特点.发展海洋石油勘探事业,必须加强对海洋测井技术的研究,利用现代高新科学技术,开拓海洋测井新领域,为海洋石油勘探提供更丰富、更准确的地质信息. 相似文献
53.
Temporal variations in bedload transport rates that occur at a variety of timescales, even under steady flow conditions, are accepted as an inherent component of the bedload transport process. Rarely, however, has the cause of such variations been explained clearly. We consider three data sets, obtained from laboratory experiments, that refer to measurements of bedload transport made with continuously recording bedload traps. Each data set is characterized by a predominant low-frequency oscillation, on which additional higher-frequency oscillations generally are superimposed. The period of these oscillations, as isolated through the use of spectral analysts, ranged between 0·47 and 168 minutes, and was associated unequivocally with the migration of bedforms such as ripples, dunes, and bars. The extent to which such oscillatory behaviour may be recognized in a data set depends on the duration of sampling and the length of the sampling time, with respect to the period of a given bedform. Several theoretical probability distribution functions have been developed to describe the frequency distributions of (relative) bedload transport rates that are associated with the migration of bedforms (Einstein, 1937b; Hamamori, 1962; Carey and Hubbell, 1986). These distribution functions were derived without reference to a sampling interval. We present a modification of Hamamori's (1962) probability distribution function, generated by Monte Carlo simulation, which permits one to specify the sampling interval, in relation to the length of a bedform. Comparisons between the simulated and observed frequency distributions, that were undertaken on the basis of the data described herein, are good (significant at the 90 per cent confidence level). Finally, the implications that temporal variability, which is associated with the migration of bedforms, have for the accurate determination of bedload transport rates are considered. 相似文献
54.
Anomalous induction across Europe 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Summary Using real induction vector data, collected at 958 European observation sites, together with our data from the Bohemian Massif and the West Carpathians, we have generated a contour map of the transfer function TF1 (corresponding to transfer function A in Wiese's relation). Only the zero contour is retained and shown on the map. It clearly marks the main anomalous induction zones, related to internal structural inhomogeneities, across Europe. 相似文献
55.
56.
大型抽水试验的水文地质意义 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文以山东省东阿县下马头水源地为实例,探讨了大型抽水试验的主要水文地质意义,包括:确定地下水的主要补给来源及方向,抽水影响范围及程度,水源地岩溶含水层的富水性及供水保证能力,水源地附近地下水与地表水之间的水力联系,水源地附近主要断裂构造的水力性质,水源地抽水对下游水源地的影响以及水文地质参数与水源地地下水允许开采量计算。 相似文献
57.
In this paper, we present a new approach to estimate high-resolution teleseismic receiver functions using a simultaneous iterative time-domain sparse deconvolution. This technique improves the deconvolution by using reweighting strategies based on a Cauchy criterion. The resulting sparse receiver functions enhance the primary converted phases and its multiples. To test its functionality and reliability, we applied this approach to synthetic experiments and to seismic data recorded at station ABU, in Japan. Our results show Ps conversions at approximately 4.0 s after the primary P onset, which are consistent with other seismological studies in this area. We demonstrate that the sparse deconvolution is a simple, efficient technique in computing receiver functions with significantly greater resolution than conventional approaches. 相似文献
58.
Modeling doline populations with logistic growth functions 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Phillip R. Kemmerly 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2007,32(4):587-601
Initiation and evolution of a large karst depression population consisting of parent and daughter dolines were spatially and temporally modeled using logistic growth functions. Logistic growth models are well suited for analyzing doline population initiation and evolution because they reflect the density‐dependent growth mechanisms present in the evolution of karst depressions. Seven assumptions based upon previous studies were refined into mathematical statements and tested using more than 2000 dolines from a subpopulation of both parent and daughter karst depressions on the Western Highland Rim and Pennyroyal Plain of Tennessee and Kentucky. Logistic growth models quantify the initiation and evolution of doline populations and interface well with recent models describing the evolution of three‐dimensional conduit systems. Logistic growth models should apply to modeling other doline populations in karst terranes with hydraulically efficient, three‐dimensional conduit systems. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
59.
IntroductionThe history of studying the changes in deep geoelectric conductivity of an earthquake preparation using the parameters of geomagnetic short-period variations has been about 30 years. At first, Japanese calculated the real transfer functions as well as the a and b coefficients of Parkinson vector by taking the measurement of graph and using empirical formula. There are some examples, such as the 1923 Kanto M=7.9 earthquake (Yanagihara, 1972), the 1966 Tashkent M=5.5 earthquake, t… 相似文献
60.
An approach to generate artificial earthquakeaccelerograms on hard soil sites is presented. Eachtime-history of accelerations is considered as arealization of a non-stationary gaussian stochasticprocess, with statistical parameters depending onmagnitude and source-to-site distance. In order tolink the values of these parameters for each groundmotion record with the corresponding magnitude andsource-to-site distance, semi-empirical functionalrelations called generalized attenuationfunctions are determined. The set of realground-motion time histories used to obtain thesefunctions correspond to shocks generated at differentsources and recorded at different sites in thevicinity of the southern coast of Mexico. The resultsshow significant dispersion in the parameters of themodel adopted, which reflect that associated with thereal earthquakes included in the sample employed.The problem of conditional simulation of artificialacceleration time histories for prescribed intensitiesis briefly presented, but its detailed study is leftfor a companion paper. The criteria and modelsproposed are applied to generate two families ofartificial acceleration records for recurrenceintervals of 100 and 200 years at a specific sitelocated in the region under study. The results shownin this article correspond to acceleration timehistories recorded on firm ground for earthquakesgenerated at the subduction zone that runs along thesouthern coast of Mexico, and cannot be generalized tocases of earthquakes generated at other sources orrecorded at other types of local conditions. Thismeans that the methods and functional forms presentedhere are applicable to these other cases, but thevalues of the parameters that characterize thosefunctions may differ from those presented here. 相似文献