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71.
The binational cities of Dover and Calais and their region 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Odile Heddebaut 《GeoJournal》2001,54(1):61-71
This paper analyses the question of cities that are localised at each part of an international border. We take as an example
the two cities of Dover and Calais and look at if they can be considered as binational cities, because they have been recently
connected by a tunnel, the ‘fixed link’, and because since 1993, the inner state borders of the European Union have disappeared.
It determines firstly if these two towns have been brought closer by the construction of the Channel tunnel and if specific
ties are linking these two towns. The article scrutinizes actions taken under INTERREG funds under the general framework of
the creation of the ‘Transmanche Region’ and its extension towards a Euroregion to sort out these two cities joint involvement.
Finally, it checks if this new area could lead to cross-border activity either for work or tourism and leisure purposes that
could conduct the cities of Dover and Calais toward a new type of relationship, premises of a binational city.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
72.
Yong-Woong Kim 《GeoJournal》2001,53(1):5-15
In the early stages of economic development in Korea, national territorial planning was used as a policy tool to guide spatial structure and to provide physical infrastructure for urban and industrial development. Such a top-down approach was inevitable because Korea maintained the centralized political and government system until the early 1990s. Circumstances, however, have changed recently since the 1990s with progress in democratization and localization. In addition, forces of globalization are making significant impacts on the parameters of national territorial planning. Reflecting these changes in both internal and external conditions, the Fourth National Territorial Plan (2000–2020) has adopted a different approach from the past three territorial plans. This paper reviews the socio-economic background that necessitated such changes in approaches to national territorial planning. A major thrust of the Fourth Plan, a focus on emergent or anticipated planning issues in Korea, is discussed. Finally, the paper examines the rationale for long-term strategic planning in the highly fluctuating situation facing Korean society in the new century. 相似文献
73.
Metastability of granulites and processes of eclogitisation in the UHP region of western Norway 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
The Flatraket Complex, a granulite facies low strain enclave within the Western Gneiss Region, provides an excellent example of metastability of plagioclase‐bearing assemblages under eclogite facies conditions. Coesite eclogites are found <200 m structurally above and <1 km below the Flatraket Complex, and are separated from it by amphibolite facies gneisses related to pervasive late‐orogenic deformation and overprinting. Granulites within the Flatraket Complex equilibrated at 9–11 kbar, 700–800°C. These predate eclogite facies metamorphism and were preserved metastably in dry undeformed zones under eclogite facies conditions. Approximately 5% of the complex was transformed to eclogite in zones of fluid infiltration and deformation, which were focused along lithological contacts in the margin of the complex. Eclogitisation proceeded by domainal re‐equilibration and disequilibrium breakdown of plagioclase by predominantly hydration reactions. Both hydration and anhydrous plagioclase breakdown reactions were kinetically linked to input of fluid. More pervasive hydration of the complex occurred during exhumation, with fluid infiltration linked to dehydration of external gneisses. Eclogite facies shear zones within the complex equilibrated at 20–23 kbar, 650–800°C, consistent with the lack of coesite and with the equilibration conditions of external HP eclogites. If the complex experienced pressures equivalent to those of nearby coesite eclogites (> 28 kbar), unprecedented metastability of plagioclase and quartz is implied. Alternatively, a tectonic break exists between the Flatraket Complex and UHP eclogites, supporting the concept of a tectonic boundary to the UHP zone of the Western Gneiss Region. The distribution of eclogite and amphibolite facies metamorphic overprints demonstrates that the reactivity of the crust during deep burial and exhumation is strongly controlled by fluid availability, and is a function of the protolith. 相似文献
74.
75.
浙江山区的珍稀濒危植物较为丰富,有67科、108属、125种.论述了当地珍稀濒危植物的特点、地理分布、属和种的地理成分,探讨了珍稀濒危植物的就地保护、迁地保护和离体保存. 相似文献
76.
我国新的地震区划图(1990年版)是采用地震危险性慨率分析方法编制的。该图给出的是场点地震烈度值,该值在50年内被突破的概率为0.1。人们普遍关注该图与我国曾经编制的地震区划图(1957年版,1977年版)的区别,该图超越概率概念的内含和外延以及超越概率水平为什么采用50年超越概率0.1。本文围绕这些问题进行了讨论。分析结果表明,前两张地震区划图编图的基本着眼点都是地震预测,而新的地震区划着眼于场点的地震动预测。新的地震区划图是按场点地震危险性分析方法给出的,它所表示的地震危险性只能针对具体的场点,不能完全反映区域的地震危险性特征。而弄清场点地震危险性和区域地震危险性的差异是正确进行区域防灾对策的基础。作者希望这些讨论能对正确使用新的地震区划图有所裨益。 相似文献
77.
东北地区平均、最高、最低气温时空变化特征及对比分析 总被引:29,自引:12,他引:29
东北地区是我国受全球气候变暖影响增温最显著的地区之一,有其独特的气候变化特点。利用东北地区建国以来较密集的气象观测资料,运用Yamamoto检测、趋势系数、气候倾向率等方法分析了该区域近44 a来平均、最高、最低气温的时空变化特征和规律,并初步探讨了这些变化的差异和可能影响因素。结果表明:近44 a来,东北地区平均气温存在明显的变暖倾向,气候变暖趋势存在着季节性和地域性差异。冬季增温最强,秋季增温最弱;区域变化表现为在区域中心区域,即吉林、黑龙江、内蒙古三省交界区增温趋势最明显,辽宁中部和内蒙古东部的中心靠近边境区域为增温较弱的地区;最低气温的增温率是最高气温的2倍左右。 相似文献
78.
江淮流域夏季典型旱涝年大气中的水汽输送和收支 总被引:9,自引:3,他引:9
该文利用NCEP/NCAR再分析资料对中国东部区域1991年和1994年这两个夏季旱涝典型年的降水状况、水汽输送及收支状况等进行了综合定量对比分析,结果表明:江淮流域夏季旱涝形势的形成更多地取决于流经其上的东西向水汽输送的变化。南亚夏季风强弱的变化对江淮流域的旱涝形成可能具有更为重要的影响。中国东部夏季的偏西水汽输送主要来自西南地区西边界,江淮流域夏季干旱年该地区西边界的水汽输入明显比洪涝年减少,因而在未来的中国东部旱涝预测中要特别重视西南地区西边界的水汽输送状况。 相似文献
79.
Carbon isotope composition of the Lower Triassic marine carbonates, Lower Yangtze Region, South China 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
The Early Triassic is a critical period in earth his- tory. A series of events such as volcano eruptions[1,2], sea-level fluctuations, changes in environmental con- ditions[3], mass extinctions[4,5] as well as global negative carbon isotope excursions[6-9] have been discovered in the uppermost Permian or across the Permian-Triassic boundary. Large scale sea-level rise[10-12], restoration of environment conditions, re- covery of ecosystem[13], including gradual carbon iso- tope rise[14] occur… 相似文献
80.
西北地区近期地壳水平运动与构造变形特征 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
利用截止2004年的西北地区GPS和跨祁连-龙首山构造带的红外测距观测资料,借助最小二乘配置、弹性块体边界负位错模型及单一力源反演,研究昆仑山口西8.1级大震前后西北地区水平形变应变场的动态演化特征;尤其是大震3年后,即当前的构造形变与应力场态势;获取活动块体及其边界断裂上可能反映中强以上孕震背景的高应变能积累区、段,以及可能的潜在震源。结果表明:青藏块体北缘地区经8.1级大震后的短期松弛和调整,目前正在恢复印度板块北东向碰撞推挤背景场的主控作用。而北天山构造带中段及其与西段的交汇区、南天山构造带中西段及其与西昆仑构造带的交汇区、阿尔金断裂中段、祁连山构造带中东段及其与海原断裂的交汇区、西秦岭北缘断裂与庄浪河断裂东南延伸线的交汇区域等具有相对高应变能积累背景;临泽与海原这两个地区也反映一定程度的应变能积累状态。 相似文献