反浮选-冷结晶法生产氯化钾浮选法除钙研究   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：5       下载免费PDF全文

牛桂然  唐宏学 《盐湖研究》2006,14(1):14-16

研究了青海察尔汗盐湖水采光卤石矿生产氯化钾工艺中浮选除钙的方法。实验结果表明,分级浮选法除钙率平均达88.16%,接近原矿的理论可除钙离子量91.58%。  相似文献   

氯化钠存在下氯化亚锡-十六烷基三甲基氯化铵体系浮选分离复杂金属基体中锇   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

高云涛 杨宏施润菊  项朋志 《岩矿测试》2006,25(3):246-248

研究了氯化钠存在下氯化亚锡-十六烷基三甲基氯化铵体系对Os（Ⅳ）-三氯锡酸络阴离子的浮选行为。实验表明，在盐酸介质中，体系可以浮选分离Os（Ⅳ），其浮选率为95．2％。98.0％。方法加标回收率为94．0％-98．5％，精密度为2．1％-7．7％（RSD，n=5）。方法可用于从大量基体金属中分离Os（Ⅳ），对实际样品分离的分析结果与其他方法推荐值相符。  相似文献   

Isotopic Composition of Non-Methane Hydrocarbons in Emissions from Biomass Burning     

K. v. Czapiewski  E. Czuba  L. Huang  D. Ernst  A.L. Norman  R. Koppmann  J. Rudolph 《Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry》2002,43(1):45-60

The stable carbon isotope ratios of nonmethane hydrocarbons (NMHC) and methyl chloride emitted from biomass burning were determined by analyzing seven whole air samples collected during different phases of the burning process as part of a laboratory study of wood burning. The average of the stable carbon isotope ratios of emitted alkanes, alkenes and aromatic compounds is identical to that of the burnt fuel; more than 50% of the values are within a range of ±1.5 of thecomposition of the burnt fuel wood. Thus for the majority of NMHC emitted from biomass burning stable carbon isotope ratio of the burnt fuel a good first order approximation for the isotopic composition of the emissions. Of the more than twenty compounds we studied, only methyl chloride and ethyne differed in stable carbon isotope ratios by more than a few per mil from the composition of the fuel. Ethyne is enriched in ¹³C by approximately 20–30, and most of the variability can beexplained by a dependence on flame temperature. The ¹³C values decreaseby 0.019 /K (±0.0053/K) with increasing temperature. Methyl chloride is highly depleted in ¹³C, on average by25. However the results cover a wide range of nearly 30. Specifically, in two measurements with wood from Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus delegatensis) as fuel we observed the emission of extremely light methyl chloride (–68.5and–65.5). This coincides with higher than average emission ratiosfor methyl chloride (15.5 × 10^–5 and 18 ×10^–5 mol CH₃Cl/mol CO₂). These high emission ratios are consistent with the highchlorine content of the burnt fuel, although, due to the limited number of measurements, it would be premature to generalize these findings. The limited number of observations also prevents any conclusion on a systematic dependence between chlorine content of the fuel, emission ratios and stable carbon isotope ratio of methyl chloride emissions. However, our results show that a detailed understanding of the emissions of methyl chloride from chloride rich fuels is important for understanding its global budget. It is also evident that the usefulness of stable carbon isotope ratios to constrain the global budget of methyl chloride will be complicated by the very large variability of the stable carbon isotope ratio of biomass burning emissions. Nevertheless, ultimately the large fractionation may provide additional constraints for the contribution of biomass burning emissions to the atmospheric budget of methyl chloride.  相似文献   

二维介质柱的电磁成像研究   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0       下载免费PDF全文

卿安永  李敬 《地球物理学报》1998,41(1):117-123

从体等效原理出发得到用介质柱介电参数表示的体等效电流,并得到一个积分方程组求解散射问题．利用变分原理,对此方程组求变分,并化为矩阵方程组,消去含介质柱内总场变化的项,得到散射场变化与介质柱介电参数变化之间关系的矩阵方程．即反演方程．用算例检验此法的反演精度、收敛性能、多目标反演能力、抗噪声性能及利用不完备测量散射信息反演目标的能力．结果表明,此法是一种实用性很强的二维介质柱电磁成像方法．  相似文献   

Sur l'origine par altération du substratum schisteux de la minéralisation chlorurée des eaux d'une nappe côtière sous climat semi-aride (Chtouka-Massa,Maroc)     

Samira Krimissa  Jean-Luc Michelot  Lhoussaine Bouchaou  Jacques Mudry  Youssef Hsissou 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2004,336(15):1363-1369

The origin of chloride ions in groundwater from the Chtouka-Massa plain (Morocco) was studied by using chemical and isotopic analyses of water, and petrographic and chemical analyses of rocks. It appears that the schist formation, which forms the basement of the studied aquifer, is the main source of the high Cl^? concentrations in groundwater. In these schists, chloride is, for a part, probably contained in biotites, and is released into groundwater through the weathering of these minerals. However, the exceptionally high chloride contents of these schists are difficult to explain if one does not assume that they also contain evaporitic-type minerals. To cite this article: S. Krimissa et al., C. R. Geoscience 336 (2004).  相似文献   

Regional Sources of Methyl Chloride, Chloroform and Dichloromethane Identified from AGAGE Observations at Cape Grim, Tasmania, 1998–2000     

M. L. Cox  G. A. Sturrock  P. J. Fraser  S. T. Siems  P. B. Krummel  S. O'Doherty 《Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry》2003,45(1):79-99

There are large uncertainties in identifying and quantifying the natural and anthropogenic sources of chloromethanes – methyl chloride (CH₃Cl), chloroform (CHCl₃) and dichloromethane (CH₂Cl₂), which are responsible for about 15% of the total chlorine in the stratosphere. We report two years of in situ observations of these species from the AGAGE (Advanced Global Atmospheric Gas Experiment) program at Cape Grim, Tasmania (41° S, 145° E). The average background levels of CH₃Cl, CHCl₃ and CH₂Cl₂ during 1998–2000 were 551± 8, 6.3± 0.2 and 8.9± 0.2 ppt (dry air mole fractions expressed in parts per 10¹²) respectively, with a two-year average amplitude of the seasonal cycles in background air of 25, 1.1 and 1.5 ppt respectively. The CH₃Cl and CHCl₃ records at Cape Grim show clear episodes of elevated mixing ratios up to 1300 ppt and 55 ppt respectively, which are highly correlated, suggesting common source(s). Trajectory analyses show that the sources of CH₃Cl and CHCl₃ that are responsible for these elevated observations are located in coastal-terrestrial and/or coastal-seawater regions in Tasmania and the south-eastern Australian mainland. Elevated levels of CH₂Cl₂ (up to 70 ppt above background) are associated mainly with emissions from the Melbourne/Port Phillip region, a large urban/industrial complex (population 3.5 million) 300 km north of Cape Grim.Now at the Centre for Atmospheric ChemistryNow at School of Environmental Sciences  相似文献   

无机改性膨润土防渗层性能研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王铁军  赵勇胜  屈智慧  周睿  刘莹莹  吴倩芳  吕聪  侯戈 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2008,38(3):463-467

通过实验室实验确定2mol/L氯化镁、0.5mol/L硫酸和450℃高温为天然钠基膨润土盐改性、酸改性和高温改性的最佳条件。采用上述3种无机改性方式填装防渗层,就其对垃圾渗滤液中主要污染物去除的有效性和控制垃圾渗滤液渗透的可行性进行研究。实验结果显示:3种无机改性膨润土的吸附能力和容量有所提高;渗透系数可达到1×10-7cm/s以下,可以作为"反应型"防渗层材料;在相同渗透量下,高温改性膨润土对垃圾渗滤液中主要污染物的去除效果最好,其次是酸改性膨润土,盐改性膨润土最差。  相似文献   

EVOLVING FACTOR ANALYSIS APPLIED TO FLOW INJECTION ANALYSIS DATA     

PAULJ.GEMPERLINE  J.CRAIGHAMILTON 《地理学报(英文版)》1989,(2)

Evolving factor analysis is used to estimate the concentration profiles and spectra of Bi~(3 )and the bismuthchloride complexes BiCl~(2 )through BiCl_6~(3-)formed by injection of bismuth percblorate into a flowingstream of 1.0 mol l~(-1) HCl.The estimated spectra compare favorably with previously published spectraof the complexes.  相似文献   

Groundwater recharge in the Akaki catchment,central Ethiopia: evidence from environmental isotopes (δ18O, δ2H and 3H) and chloride mass balance     

Molla Demlie  Stefan Wohnlich  Birhanu Gizaw  Willibald Stichler 《水文研究》2007,21(6):807-818

Recharge patterns, possible flow paths and the relative age of groundwater in the Akaki catchment in central Ethiopia have been investigated using stable environmental isotopes δ¹⁸O and δ²H and radioactive tritium (³H) coupled with conservative chloride measurements. Stable isotopic signatures are encoded in the groundwater solely from summer rainfall. Thus, groundwater recharge occurs predominantly in the summer months from late June to early September during the major Ethiopian rainy season. Winter recharge is lost through high evaporation–evapotranspiration within the unsaturated zone after relatively long dry periods of high accumulated soil moisture deficits. Chloride mass balance coupled with the isotope results demonstrates the presence of both preferential and piston flow groundwater recharge mechanisms. The stable and radioactive isotope measurements further revealed that groundwater in the Akaki catchment is found to be compartmentalized into zones. Groundwater mixing following the flow paths and topography is complicated by the lithologic complexity. An uncommon, highly depleted stable isotope and zero‐³H groundwater, observed in a nearly east–west stretch through the central sector of the catchment, is coincident with the Filwoha Fault zone. Here, deep circulating meteoric water has lost its isotopic content through exchange reactions with CO₂ originating at deeper sources or it has been recharged with precipitation from a different rainfall regime with a depleted isotopic content. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

铅电解原料工业硅氟酸中硫酸根的快速测定     

肖晓辉 《岩矿测试》2007,26(5):421-422

用硝酸钾溶液沉淀硅氟酸根离子，分离大量的基体，滤液与氯化钡在保护剂的作用下，形成硫酸钡悬浊液，用分光光度计于波长440nm处测定其吸光度。方法的表观摩尔吸光系数为1.7×10^5L·mol^-1·cm^-1，测定范围为0、04～0．48g／L。应用于铅电解原料工业硅氟酸中硫酸根的测定，结果与重量法基本一致，7次测定的相对标准偏差小于7％，加标回收率为97．5％～101．7％。  相似文献