全文获取类型
收费全文 | 105篇 |
免费 | 26篇 |
国内免费 | 10篇 |
专业分类
测绘学 | 27篇 |
大气科学 | 28篇 |
地球物理 | 45篇 |
地质学 | 10篇 |
海洋学 | 10篇 |
天文学 | 2篇 |
综合类 | 6篇 |
自然地理 | 13篇 |
出版年
2022年 | 2篇 |
2021年 | 2篇 |
2020年 | 2篇 |
2019年 | 5篇 |
2018年 | 5篇 |
2017年 | 5篇 |
2016年 | 2篇 |
2015年 | 7篇 |
2014年 | 6篇 |
2013年 | 13篇 |
2012年 | 5篇 |
2011年 | 3篇 |
2010年 | 8篇 |
2009年 | 9篇 |
2008年 | 6篇 |
2007年 | 9篇 |
2006年 | 8篇 |
2005年 | 5篇 |
2003年 | 6篇 |
2002年 | 2篇 |
2001年 | 3篇 |
2000年 | 3篇 |
1999年 | 3篇 |
1998年 | 2篇 |
1996年 | 3篇 |
1995年 | 4篇 |
1994年 | 1篇 |
1993年 | 1篇 |
1992年 | 2篇 |
1991年 | 1篇 |
1990年 | 3篇 |
1989年 | 3篇 |
1987年 | 1篇 |
1982年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有141条查询结果,搜索用时 421 毫秒
71.
Shivam Tripathi Rao S. Govindaraju 《Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment (SERRA)》2007,21(6):747-764
Recent advances in statistical learning theory have yielded tools that are improving our capabilities for analyzing large
and complex datasets. Among such tools, relevance vector machines (RVMs) are finding increasing applications in hydrology
because of (1) their excellent generalization properties, and (2) the probabilistic interpretation associated with this technique
that yields prediction uncertainty. RVMs combine the strengths of kernel-based methods and Bayesian theory to establish relationships
between a set of input vectors and a desired output. However, a bias–variance analysis of RVM estimates revealed that a careful
selection of kernel parameters is of paramount importance for achieving good performance from RVMs. In this study, several
analytic methods are presented for selection of kernel parameters. These methods rely on structural properties of the data
rather than expensive re-sampling approaches commonly used in RVM applications. An analytical expression for prediction risk
in leave-one-out cross validation is derived. For brevity, the effectiveness of the proposed methods is assessed first by
data generated from the benchmark sinc function, followed by an example involving estimation of hydraulic conductivity values
over a field based on observations. It is shown that a straightforward maximization of likelihood function can lead to misleading
results. The proposed methods are found to yield robust estimates of parameters for kernel functions. 相似文献
72.
On unbiased backtransform of lognormal kriging estimates 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Jorge Kazuo Yamamoto 《Computational Geosciences》2007,11(3):219-234
Lognormal kriging is an estimation technique that was devised for handling highly skewed data distributions. This technique
takes advantage of a logarithmic transformation that reduces the data variance. However, backtransformed lognormal kriging
estimates are biased because the nonbias term is totally dependent on a semivariogram model. This paper proposes a new approach
for backtransforming lognormal kriging estimates that not only presents none of the problems reported in the literature but
also reproduces the sample histogram and, consequently, the sample mean. 相似文献
73.
依据秦巴山区96个气象站点1951—2016年逐日最低气温数据,利用一元线性回归、M-K突变检验法和Cressman插值法分析了初、终霜日和霜期变化的时空特征,并对终霜日和霜期的变化趋势及其与海拔高度的关系进行了分析,结果表明:在时间变化上,秦巴山区平均初霜日呈现出推迟的趋势,且在1960年左右发生了显著突变,而平均终霜日则与之相反,表现出提前的趋势,平均霜期也呈现出显著的减少趋势,且在20世纪60年代中期至70年代末期间表现得十分明显;空间变化上,秦巴山区初霜日和霜期呈现出较大的南北差异,而终霜日则表现为较大的东西差异;在与海拔分布的关系上,秦巴山区部分地区终霜日和霜期的变化趋势有明显的海拔依赖性,表现为西部和中东部地区终霜日的变化趋势随海拔高度的增加而减少,北部地区霜期的变化趋势随着海拔高度的增加而减少。 相似文献
74.
基于小波域高斯尺度混合模型的天气雷达图像高分辨率插值 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
采用可精确刻画雷达回波强度数据统计特征的小波域高斯尺度混合(GSM)模型作为雷达图像先验模型,进行天气雷达图像插值,在提高图像分辨率的同时有效重建降水回波中局部强回波值、小尺度变化细节等一些重要空间分布统计特征。分析和总结雷达回波强度数据小波频率域统计特点,建立小波域GSM模型;匹配天气雷达图像小波系数和GSM模型,利用贝叶斯理论估计更小尺度的小波系数,进行小波逆变换,完成高分辨率天气雷达图像插值。试验表明,该算法能从低分辨率图像中估计出高分辨率高频系数,且所利用的先验模型充分考虑降水数据本身的特点,可有效捕获降水回波结构的非高斯特征和局部相关特性,重建雷达图像中的局部变化细节。 相似文献
75.
76.
George L. Heritage David J. Milan Andrew R.G. Large Ian C. Fuller 《Geomorphology》2009,112(3-4):334-344
Accurate characterisation of morphology is critical to many studies in the field of geomorphology, particularly those dealing with changes over time. Digital elevation models (DEMs) are commonly used to represent morphology in three dimensions. The quality of the DEM is largely a function of the accuracy of individual survey points, field survey strategy, and the method of interpolation. Recommendations concerning field survey strategy and appropriate methods of interpolation are currently lacking. Furthermore, the majority of studies to date consider error to be uniform across a surface. This study quantifies survey strategy and interpolation error for a gravel bar on the River Nent, Blagill, Cumbria, UK. Five sampling strategies were compared: (i) cross section; (ii) bar outline only; (iii) bar and chute outline; (iv) bar and chute outline with spot heights; and (v) aerial LiDAR equivalent, derived from degraded terrestrial laser scan (TLS) data. Digital Elevation Models were then produced using five different common interpolation algorithms. Each resultant DEM was differentiated from a terrestrial laser scan of the gravel bar surface in order to define the spatial distribution of vertical and volumetric error. Overall triangulation with linear interpolation (TIN) or point kriging appeared to provide the best interpolators for the bar surface. Lowest error on average was found for the simulated aerial LiDAR survey strategy, regardless of interpolation technique. However, comparably low errors were also found for the bar-chute-spot sampling strategy when TINs or point kriging was used as the interpolator. The magnitude of the errors between survey strategy exceeded those found between interpolation technique for a specific survey strategy. Strong relationships between local surface topographic variation (as defined by the standard deviation of vertical elevations in a 0.2-m diameter moving window), and DEM errors were also found, with much greater errors found at slope breaks such as bank edges. A series of curves are presented that demonstrate these relationships for each interpolation and survey strategy. The simulated aerial LiDAR data set displayed the lowest errors across the flatter surfaces; however, sharp slope breaks are better modelled by the morphologically based survey strategy. The curves presented have general application to spatially distributed data of river beds and may be applied to standard deviation grids to predict spatial error within a surface, depending upon sampling strategy and interpolation algorithm. 相似文献
77.
在海洋可控源电磁法勘探中,接收站常置于海底.在进行海洋电磁场模拟时,由于海水和海底介质存在显著电性差异,这给海底接收点处场值的求取带来困难.本文提出一种新的接收点插值算法,该算法考虑到海底电场法向分量不连续性问题,用法向电流分量进行插值以准确求取海底任意接收点处电磁场值.本文利用交错网格有限差分法实现了二维介质中频率域海洋可控源法(CSEM)正演.对构造走向做傅里叶变换,将三维电磁模拟问题转换为波数域2.5维问题,即三维场源激励下针对二维地电模型的电磁模拟问题.使用交错网格有限差分法,基于一次场/二次场分离方法导出波数域二次电场离散形式,并进一步求得波数域电磁场.采用本文提出的改进的插值算法可求得海底任意接收点处波数域电磁场,采用傅里叶逆变换对波数域电磁场进行积分可得到接收点处空间域电磁场.模型算例表明,与常规的线性插值和严格插值算法相比,本文提出的改进的插值算法具有更高的精度. 相似文献
78.
Reverse‐time migration has become an industry standard for imaging in complex geological areas. We present an approach for increasing its imaging resolution by employing time‐shift gathers. The method consists of two steps: (i) migrating seismic data with the extended imaging condition to get time‐shift gathers and (ii) accumulating the information from time‐shift gathers after they are transformed to zero‐lag time‐shift by a post‐stack depth migration on a finer grid. The final image is generated on a grid, which is denser than that of the original image, thus improving the resolution of the migrated images. Our method is based on the observation that non‐zero‐lag time‐shift images recorded on the regular computing grid contain the information of zero‐lag time‐shift image on a denser grid, and such information can be continued to zero‐lag time‐shift and refocused at the correct locations on the denser grid. The extra computational cost of the proposed method amounts to the computational cost of zero‐offset migration and is almost negligible compared with the cost of pre‐stack shot‐record reverse‐time migration. Numerical tests on synthetic models demonstrate that the method can effectively improve reverse‐time migration resolution. It can also be regarded as an approach to improve the efficiency of reverse‐time migration by performing wavefield extrapolation on a coarse grid and by generating the final image on the desired fine grid. 相似文献
79.
80.
插值预报的一种新方法及其在降水预报中的应用 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
本文针对经典插值预报方法存在的不足,遵循插值预报的基本原理,提出了插值预报的一种新方法,此方法的实质是考虑了预报系统中不同预报因子对系统的最后演变结果的不同作用,将此方法应用于云南18个测站五月雨量的预报中,结果表明,此方法无论在历史预报方面还是在外推预报方面均具有良好的稳定性和预报精度。 相似文献