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11.
Sarah Hall 《Geoforum》2007,38(4):710-719
This paper argues that the conflicts of interest cases brought against Wall Street investment banks in the early 2000s were neither geographically nor institutionally isolated events. Rather, by combining recent work on financial knowledges in both economic geography and the social studies of finance with the growing interest in topological spatial imaginaries, I explore how London’s corporate finance industry was unable to distance itself from both the conflicts of interest allegations and the ensuing regulatory changes of the ‘Global Settlement’ in the US. Analysis of 36 semi-structured interviews conducted in London in the early 2000s is used to explore how a range of individual interests, institutional demands and structural changes within London’s financial district affected analysts’ ability to produce ‘objective’ research. As well as pointing to the problematic nature of certain aspects of knowledge rich ‘communities of practice’ [Wenger, E., 1998. Communities of practice: learning, meaning and identity. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge], I explore how the resulting contingent and situated nature of research practice is at odds with a weakly defined notion of ‘objective’ research that underpins the Financial Services Authority’s regulatory response. 相似文献
12.
《Geoforum》2015
The world has recently been witness to the emergence of a new contemporary geopolitical phenomenon: the declaration of Islamic States by specific Islamic organizations. This phenomenon has the potential to dramatically transform the geopolitical setting of the Middle East and to have farreaching effects on a global level. Of these most prominent, however, has undoubtedly been the June 2014 declaration by the “Islamic State” organization of a “caliphate” covering large areas of the two war-torn states of Syria and Iraq. The aim of this article is to interrogate the territorial aspects of the Islamic State and to discern what makes it unique and exceptional in comparison to the many other Islamic political organizations that have emerged in recent years. In order to facilitate a better understanding of territoriality, I distinguish here between two major dimensions: conceptions of territoriality and tactics of territoriality. My working assumption is that by distinguishing between conceptions and tactics of territoriality, we can compare the exercise of territoriality by states and, in the present case, organizations. In this article, I argue that the Islamic State poses a challenge to both the conceptual and tactical dimensions of the contemporary territory and territoriality of modern states. Yet, while its conception of territoriality may be widely shared by other political Islamic organizations, its uniqueness lies in its tactics and strategies. Indeed, it is the brutal tactics of the Islamic State that are less acceptable to many Muslims around the world, not its political conception, which enjoys considerable support in the Muslim arena. Yet, when comparing it with modern states, the Islamic State poses a challenge to the territory and territoriality in both conception and tactics. 相似文献
13.
分析了杭州湾北岸一个潮间带小海湾－炮台湾及其前沿海域的流场、含沙量分布及水下地形的变化，指出小海湾内水流主要受湾外浅水水流控制，在独特的边界地影响下，湾内在不同时段内出现历时较短的水平环流，流场变化较快，小水深时水体含沙量较高，含沙量随水深和水流和变化而急剧变化。对湾外浅水水域水流的挟沙力了计算，并讨论了炮台湾围堤后水流挟沙力的变化，给出围堤后水下岸坡剖面变动的预测，经与实测比较，结果是令人满意的 相似文献
14.
广州市银行业的空间布局特征与模式 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
以广州都市区2013年全部类别银行的1 637个银行网点为基本数据,利用平均最邻近距离、核密度函数、缓冲区分析、空间模式提炼等方法探索广州市银行业的空间布局特征及其类别差异,总结其空间分异模式。结果表明：① 广州市银行业空间不均衡性布局显著,并呈现中心集聚特征;② 不同类型银行的分布特征差异显著。国有商业银行的服务便利性和数量等级高,网点密度大,构成了广州市银行业的主体;③ 广州市银行业布局总体呈现由中心向外围逐渐递减的“圈层+扇形”空间模式。其中,核心商圈是银行业高度集聚区,中心城区密度递减最为显著,近郊区密度最低;④ 不同类型银行的空间密度模式差异显著。国有商业银行、全国性股份制银行和城市商业银行分别呈现由中心到外围非均匀递减的倒“S”型、“L”型和“阶梯型”曲线模式。外资港资银行呈现为核心商圈集聚模式。农村商业银行为均质的“一”字型直线模式。 相似文献
15.
By analyzing the relationship among government, market driving forces, distribution orientation of banking industry, service opportunity equality and spatial patterns, this paper proposes that it is distribution orientation that lead to the formation and evolution of spatial pattern of banking industry. The difference of the distribution orientation leads to the separation of the spatial pattern of banking industry, and the change of the distribution orientation leads to the change of spatial pattern. The d... 相似文献
16.
The mortgage loan has evolved from a local lending instrument into a major global security and its role is unparallel to other financial instruments in the process of financial globalization.This paper explains how technology and financial innovation transformed the mortgage loan from a local security into a premier global security traded worldwide.It examines the fundamental flaws of this process and why it does not work in regards to mortgage lending and the re-securitization products that were created through financial innovation.The findings show that regulation was unable to keep pace with financial innovation,which created an environment where actors in the financial service sector were able to behave geographically irresponsibly by using information asymmetries to their advantage by participating in moral hazard activities and engaging in other immoral and unethical business practices that were centered around localized geography,which ultimately contributed to the global financial crisis.It also examines the roll of financial innovation in regard to the Lehman Brothers Mini-Bond in Hong and its role as a driving force behind China’s newly emerging shadow banking sector.It concludes with a policy recommendation and its implication for China’s continued economic development. 相似文献
17.
轻量土及其在工程中的应用 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
轻量土可以分为发泡聚苯乙烯(EPS)块、发泡颗粒混合轻量土、气泡混合轻量土(FCB)和次生材料混合轻量土4种类型.根据其湿密度的不同,又可以将轻量土分为超轻量土、轻量土和准轻量土3个大类.由于轻量土具有轻量性、自立性、流动性、隔热性、耐水性、耐久性等特性,可以大幅度减小上部荷载和土压力.因此,在软土地基、山区陡峻斜坡的路基、桥涵等工程中得到了广泛的应用.在目前的实际设计和施工中,轻量土的设计可以参照国外的有关规程或手册. 相似文献
18.
Steven M. Graves 《The Professional geographer》2003,55(3):303-317
Since the period of bank deregulation in the 1980s, deferred deposit loan operations, better known as payday lenders, have become commonplace in the landscapes of many American cities. At the same time, traditional banking facilities have become less common, especially in the inner city. Growing disparities in the type of and accessibility to credit in the inner city has generated calls for greater regulation to curb practices by payday lenders that critics claim disproportionately affect poor and minority consumers. Payday lenders argue that they serve communities neglected by traditional banks. This article analyzes the site‐location strategies of banks and payday lenders in metropolitan Louisiana, and in Cook County, Illinois, and finds that disenfranchised neighborhoods are simultaneously targeted by payday lenders and neglected by traditional banks. The implications these findings have for public policy and for ongoing discourses on the urban condition, race, and class are briefly discussed. 相似文献
19.
Andrew Jones 《Geoforum》2002,33(3):335-350
The `global city hypothesis' proposed by Saskia Sassen - and subsequently developed by Manuel Castells and others in the theory of a globalized urban network - has in recent years formed the basis for the argument that power and control in transnational firms (TNCs) is primarily situated in global head-offices. Such offices are located in key urban centres such as London, New York or Tokyo where global managerial power is ultimately wielded and where senior managers make strategic decisions about transnational business activity. This paper takes issue with this theoretical legacy, arguing that the idea of strong centralised managerial power and control in contemporary TNCs is far more complex than this literature suggests. It explores how managerial control in some of the supposedly most globalized of business service industries - investment banking and management consultancy - cannot be understood as being centralised in global headquarter offices, and nor does it purely reside with a few senior managers at the top of the transnational organisation. Rather, it argues that managerial control in TNCs is diffused throughout a transnational network of management-level employees, and that strategic power in transnational firms resides with a larger and more dispersed group of actors than has been previously suggested. These arguments are developed through analysis of qualitative research into the managerial strategies and practices of senior business practitioners in the transnational investment banking and management consultancy industries. In presenting qualitative data from interviews with senior management in transnational corporate head offices, the paper thus examines the decision-making process of global management practice and unpacks the complex context in which transnational corporate strategy develops in such firms. 相似文献
20.
The causes and consequences of financial exclusion have become a policy concern in Britain in recent years. This paper analyses policy discourses around financial exclusion and considers the (social and economic) geographical issues surrounding one particular policy response – universal banking services. It examines the policy background which led to the introduction of these services, and the institutional role of the Post Office, before discussing their potential social and spatial consequences. 相似文献