云南普朗超大型斑岩铜矿床含矿斑岩成因及其成矿意义   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4  

曹康  许继峰  陈建林  黄肖潇  任江波 《矿床地质》2014,33(2):307-322

普朗超大型斑岩铜矿床位于三江特提斯构造域义敦弧南部的中甸弧内,形成于晚三叠世甘孜-理塘大洋板片向西俯冲的消减带上。与成矿作用密切相关的石英闪长岩和石英二长岩具有相似的化学组成,w（SiO₂）>61%,w（Al₂O₃）为11.28%~19.12%,w（MgO）为1.98%~4.04%,Na₂O/K₂O比值介于0.3~2.4（平均0.8）;富集大离子亲石元素（Rb、Sr、Ba）而亏损高场强元素（Nb、Ta、Zr）,具有较高的Sr/Y（27~63）和La/Yb（14~31）比值,较明显的负Eu异常,在Y-Sr/Y和Yb-La/Yb图解中,部分样品落入埃达克岩范围内,另一些样品则落入正常弧钙碱性岩石范围。普朗含矿斑岩部分样品的埃达克岩地球化学属性可能与以下地质-地球化学过程有关：晚三叠世甘孜-理塘大洋板片向西俯冲时发生脱挥发分作用导致上覆地幔楔遭受流体交代,被流体交代的地幔楔随后发生部分熔融形成正常拉斑玄武质-钙碱性岩浆,这种钙碱性岩浆在岩浆房中或侵位过程中发生角闪石、斜长石和磷灰石等矿物的分离结晶作用形成埃达克质石英闪长岩或石英二长岩。普朗含矿斑岩中黑云母和角闪石斑晶的广泛发育表明原始岩浆是富水的,这种富水环境促进角闪石的大量结晶而抑制部分斜长石的结晶,导致残余岩浆的Sr/Y比值增加,从而使部分岩石样品具有埃达克岩的地球化学特征。这种富水的原始岩浆有利于后期岩浆热液体系的形成及铜等金属元素向流体相中分配转移,并最终形成普朗超大型斑岩铜矿床。  相似文献   

LA-ICP-MS硅酸盐矿物原位微区分析方法研究     

陈雪 《地质与勘探》2014,50(Z1):1413-1417

建立了一种利用New Wave UP 213 nm激光和ThermoFisher X Series2四极杆等离子体质谱法直接测定硅酸盐矿物中54种元素的分析方法。该方法以40Ca为内标、玻璃标准参考物质NIST SRM 610为外标,通过调节载气流量、激光频率、激光能量、激光剥蚀斑径降低元素分馏效应,并对NIST SRM 612进行测定,测定结果满足分析要求,54种元素的相对标准偏差大都低于10%,可应用于地质学分析研究。  相似文献   

稳定同位素分馏蒸汽压效应的计算方法     

张继习  刘耘 《地球化学》2014,(1):1-10

稳定同位素分馏的蒸汽压效应（vaporpressureisotopeeffects,简称VPIE）,在地球化学和天体化学上有着非常重要的研究意义。大部分情况下,由于轻重同位素体具有不同的蒸汽压,在经历挥发和蒸发过程时,含有重同位素的物种挥发得慢,轻同位素物种挥发得快,最终结果导致凝聚相富集重同位素,气相含有较多的轻同位素。在地球化学上,VPIE直接同非常重要的地学参数——同位素平衡分馏系数仅联系在一起。本文应用Bigeleisen提出的方法,直接将VPIE和约化配分函数比（RPFR）相联系,只需要通过理论计算获得两种物质的简谐振动频率,就能够得到非高压情况下该物质的VPIE。本文以水和硫镉矿（CdS）为例,详细介绍了如何计算蒸发和气化过程VPIE的方法,并指出了其在天体化学和矿床学中的一些潜在应用。  相似文献   

鞍山地区陈台沟变质表壳岩的年龄     

宋彪  伍家善  万渝生  刘敦一 《国土资源》1994,(Z1)

鞍山市东部陈台沟村附近，有一套以斜长角闪岩类、石英岩类和长英质片麻岩类等组成的变质表壳岩（陈台沟表壳岩），它虽被划归为鞍山群但同该地区公认的鞍山群明显不同。它同白家坟花岗岩（３．８Ｇａ）和陈台沟花岗岩（３．３Ｇａ－３．１Ｇａ）为断层接触。采用Ｋｏｂｅｒ提出的单颗粒锆石逐层蒸发－沉积方法，测定了侵入陈台沟表壳岩的两条花岗岩脉（Ａ９２１２－３，Ｃｈ１０）中锆石的年龄，Ａ９２１２－３测定了８粒锆石，年龄为３３５７±４Ｍａ－３３１５±４Ｍａ（误差均为２ｄ，Ｃｈ１０测定了３粒锆石，结果为３３３７±１２Ｍａ，３２２８±３７Ｍａ和１８１３±７Ｍａ。３３５７Ｍａ和３３３７Ｍａ是这两条花岗岩脉侵位时间。１８１３Ｍａ是后期地质作用的时间。陈台沟表壳岩的年龄大于３．３５Ｇａ，建议将陈台沟表壳岩从鞍山群分离出来单独建群。  相似文献   

Evaluation of the Residual Mass Fractionation in High-Precision Cr Isotopic Analysis with TIMS     

Tetsuya Yokoyama  Yusuke Ohkuma  Keiji Nishikawa  Koki Sumiya  Ikshu Gautam 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》2023,47(2):415-435

The Cr isotope ratios of terrestrial and extra-terrestrial materials are emerging as one of the most important tracers in geosciences. Previous studies on Cr isotopic measurements using TIMS have found that there is residual Cr isotopic fractionation between the mass-fractionation-corrected ⁵³Cr/⁵²Cr and ⁵⁴Cr/⁵²Cr ratios, which may cause an offset of obtained ratios from the reference values. The residual fractionation was thought to be caused by the evaporation of Cr-oxide species during thermal ionisation, but the mechanism by which this residual fractionation could be reduced remained unclear. Here we revisit the issue of residual fractionation and propose that this problem can be alleviated by utilising W filaments instead of conventionally used Re filaments for Cr ionisation. Using W filaments, the formation of CrO⁺ was suppressed during heating as the filament temperature was ~ 100 °C lower than when Re filaments were used. In repeated measurement of a carbonaceous chondrite, the intermediate precisions of ⁵³Cr/⁵²Cr and ⁵⁴Cr/⁵²Cr ratios in the W filament runs were two to three times better than those of the Re filament runs. Therefore, the new finding of this study will be of key importance for future studies of Cr isotopes for terrestrial and extra-terrestrial materials.  相似文献   

Sources of Inaccuracy in Boron Isotope Measurement Using LA-MC-ICP-MS     

Jan Fietzke  Eleni Anagnostou 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》2023,47(3):481-492

Laser ablation multi-collector-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-MC-ICP-MS) has become a valuable tool for the in situ measurement of the boron isotope composition of geological samples at high (tens to hundreds of μm) spatial resolution. That said, this application suffers from significant analytical challenges. We focus in this study on the underlying processes of two of the main causes for inaccuracies using this technique. We provide empirical evidence that not only Ca ions (Sadekov et al. 2019, Standish et al. 2019, Evans et al. 2021) but also Ar ions, that are reflected within the flight tube of the mass spectrometer, are the source for previously reported issues with spectral baselines. We also address the impact of plasma conditions on the instrumental mass fractionation as a source for matrix- and mass-load-related analytical biases. Comparing experimental data with the results of a dedicated release and diffusion model (RDM) we estimate that a close to complete (~ 97%) release of boron from the sample aerosol is needed to allow for consistently accurate LA boron isotope measurement results without the need for corrections.  相似文献   

Rutile to Titanite Transformation in Eclogites and its Geochemical Consequences: An Example from the Sumdo Eclogite, Tibet     

ZHAO Linghao  ZENG Lingsen  GAO Li’e  HU Mingyue  SUN Dongyang  ZHANG Lifei 《《地质学报》英文版》2023,97(1):122-133

The formation of titanite coronae after rutile is common in retrograde high-to ultrahigh-pressure meta-mafic rocks, which provides a good opportunity to address the geochemical behavior of HFSE in crustal environments. In the Sumdo eclogite, titanite occurs either as a corona around rutile grains or as semi-continuous veins cross-cutting the major foliation, whereas rutile grains occur either as inclusions in garnet or omphacite or as a relict core surrounded by titanite. Textural relationships ...  相似文献   

华北平原高氟地下水中稀土元素分布和分异特征     

刘海燕  刘茂涵  张卫民  孙占学  王振  吴通航  郭华明 《地学前缘》2022,29(3):129-144

高氟地下水是世界各国研究者广泛关注的重大环境问题。尽管对高氟地下水的化学特征、形成机理和扩散机制等已有不少研究,但其稀土元素(REE)的含量和分异特征以及这些特征能否反映高氟地下水的形成和分布尚不清楚,这在一定程度上限制了REE在高氟地下水中的运用。本研究以地下水氟离子异常严重地区——华北平原为研究区,沿地下水流向采集浅层和深层地下水样,研究分析了水中氟离子和REE的地球化学特征。浓度分析结果表明地下水氟离子浓度介于0.28 mg/L和9.33 mg/L之间,其中55%超出我国饮用水标准规定值1.0 mg/L;PHREEQC计算结果反映地下水中氟以NaF、CaF⁺、MgF⁺和自由态F^-形式存在,其中自由态F^-含量占主导(85.42%99.39%);高氟地下水主要分布于中部冲积湖积平原以及东部冲积海积平原,60%高氟地下水样分布在180 m深度以下;水化学图件分析结果指示浅层高氟地下水的形成主要受蒸发浓缩作用的控制,而深层高氟地下水是水岩相互作用下的矿物溶解和离子竞争吸附共同作用的结果。研究区地下水REE含量处于pmol/L至nmol/L级别,PHREEQC模拟计算结果表明REE主要以碳酸络合物( {\mathrm{REECO}}_3^{+}和$REE(CO_{3})_{2}^{-})$的形式存在,与氟离子络合的稀土元素(REEF²⁺和 {\mathrm{REEF}}_2^{+})占01.18%;上陆壳(UCC)标准化结果显示,所有地下水均呈重REE(HREE)和中REE(MREE)相对于轻REE(LREE)富集的模式,且具有显著Ce负异常(0.11* = Ce_UCC/(La_UCC×Pr_UCC)^0.5<2.29)特性;地下水富HREE主要归因于HREE比LREE优先与碳酸根络合,并且形成更加稳定的碳酸络合物。沿地下水流向,深层地下水中总REE含量与地下水中氟浓度均呈现不断上升的变化趋势,同时高氟地下水比低氟地下水更易富集重稀土元素,说明稀土元素对深层含水层富氟行为具有一定的指示作用。  相似文献   

Carbon isotope fractionation of Thermoanaerobacter kivui in different growth media and at different total inorganic carbon concentration     

《Organic Geochemistry》2015

Chemolithotrophic homoacetogenic bacteria apparently express a characteristic stable carbon isotope fractionation and may contribute significantly to acetate production in anoxic environments. However, fractionation factors (ε) in bacterial cultures have rarely been determined and the effect of substrate availability has not been assessed. We therefore studied the kinetic carbon isotope effect in cultures of Thermoanaerobacter kivui grown at 55 °C. The fractionation factor in HCO₃⁻ buffered medium was ca. 15‰ more negative than that in PO₄³⁻ buffered medium. To test whether the difference was caused by the initial substrate ratio of H₂ and total inorganic carbon (TIC; 0.5 in HCO₃⁻ vs. 4.0 in PO₄³⁻ buffered medium), T. kivui was grown in either [3-(N-morpholino) propanesulfonic acid, MOPS] buffered or PO₄³⁻ buffered media with different HCO₃⁻ concentration. Indeed, the fractionation factor became more negative with increasing HCO₃⁻ concentration and decreasing H₂/TIC ratio. While pH had only a small effect, the fractionation was generally more negative in MOPS buffered than in phosphate buffered media, indicating that the buffer system also affected fractionation. Collectively, the results show that substrate availability and other environmental factors affect the magnitude of isotope fractionation during acetate production by chemolithotrophic homoacetogenesis.  相似文献   

Paleolimnological investigations of anthropogenic environmental change in Lake Tanganyika: VII. Carbonate isotope geochemistry as a record of riverine runoff     

David?L.?DettmanEmail author  Manuel?R.?Palacios-Fest  Hudson?H.?Nkotagu  Andrew?S.?Cohen 《Journal of Paleolimnology》2005,34(1):93-105

Evaporation dominates the removal of water from Lake Tanganyika, and therefore the oxygen isotope composition of lake water has become very positive in comparison to the waters entering the lake. The surface water in Lake Tanganyika has remained relatively unchanged over the last 30 years with a seasonal range of +3.2 to +3.5 VSMOW. Water from small rivers entering the lake seems to have a ¹⁸O value between –3.5 and –4.0, based on scattered measurements. The two largest catchments emptying into the lake deliver water that has a ¹⁸O value between these two extremes. This large contrast is the basis of a model presented here that attempts to reconstruct the history of runoff intensity based on the ¹⁸O of carbonate shells from Lake Tanganyika cores. In order to use biogenic carbonates to monitor changes in the ¹⁸O of mixing-zone water, however, the oxygen isotope fractionation between water and shell carbonate must be well understood. The relatively invariant environmental conditions of the lake allow us to constrain the fractionation of both oxygen and carbon isotope ratios. Although molluskan aragonitic shell ¹⁸O values are in agreement with published mineral-water fractionations, ostracode calcite is 1.2 more positive than that of inorganic calcite precipitated under similar conditions. Ostracode shell ¹⁸O data from two cores from central Lake Tanganyika suggest that runoff decreased in the first half of this millennium and has increased in the last century. This conclusion is poorly constrained, however, and much more work needs to be done on stable isotope variation in both the waters and carbonates of Lake Tanganyika. We also compared the ¹³C of shells against predicted values based solely on the ¹³C of lake water dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC). The ostracode Mecynocypria opaca is the only ostracode or mollusk that falls within the predicted range. This suggests that M. opaca has potential for reconstructing the carbon isotope ratio of DIC in Lake Tanganyika, and may be a useful tool in the study of the history of the lakes productivity and carbon cycle.  相似文献