Local and Spatial Joint Frequency Uncertainty and its Application to Rock Mass Characterisation   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Steinar L. Ellefmo  Jo Eidsvik 《Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering》2009,42(4):667-688

Stability is a key issue in any mining or tunnelling activity. Joint frequency constitutes an important input into stability analyses. Three techniques are used herein to quantify the local and spatial joint frequency uncertainty, or possible joint frequencies given joint frequency data, at unsampled locations. Rock quality designation is estimated from the predicted joint frequencies. The first method is based on kriging with subsequent Poisson sampling. The second method transforms the data to near-Gaussian variables and uses the turning band method to generate a range of possible joint frequencies. The third method assumes that the data are Poisson distributed and models the log-intensity of these data with a spatially smooth Gaussian prior distribution. Intensities are obtained and Poisson variables are generated to examine the expected joint frequency and associated variability. The joint frequency data is from an iron ore in the northern part of Norway. The methods are tested at unsampled locations and validated at sampled locations. All three methods perform quite well when predicting sampled points. The probability that the joint frequency exceeds 5 joints per metre is also estimated to illustrate a more realistic utilisation. The obtained probability map highlights zones in the ore where stability problems have occurred. It is therefore concluded that the methods work and that more emphasis should have been placed on these kinds of analyses when the mine was planned. By using simulation instead of estimation, it is possible to obtain a clear picture of possible joint frequency values or ranges, i.e. the uncertainty.  相似文献   

甘肃省地质勘查基金项目勘查成果综述          下载免费PDF全文

祁文彬  张元忠  王亮  窦小雨 《甘肃地质》2017,26(4):1-9

甘肃省地质勘查基金设立于2009年,至今共设置勘查项目259个,总经费34.2亿元。勘查项目主要部署在甘肃北山、阿尔金—祁连山、西秦岭及陇东地区等主要成矿区带,勘查矿种主要有能源矿产(煤炭、地热、页岩气、铀)、金属矿产(铁、锰、钒、钛、铜铅锌、钨钼、金银、铌钽)、非金属矿产(萤石、石膏、晶质石墨、硅灰石、水泥灰岩、重晶石、花岗岩饰面石材)。其主要目的是增强矿产资源对甘肃经济社会可持续发展的保障能力,提高政府对矿产资源的调控水平,规范矿业权市场。通过省地矿局、省有色地勘局、省煤田地质局、省核工业地质局等单位的组织实施,煤炭、页岩气、铁、铜、金、晶质石墨等矿种勘查取得了较大的突破。其中,以大会战的方式,相继开展了环县、正宁县南部、宁县中南部等大型煤田勘查,创造了地质找矿的"陇东模式",累计查明煤炭资源量204.6亿吨。为陇东能源基地建设奠定了资源基础。在陇东、武威、敦煌盆地开展了页岩气资源调查评价工作,其中敦煌盆地页岩气调查取得突破性进展。在镜铁山外围卡瓦一带开展的铁矿勘查累计提交铁矿石资源量达5.3亿吨,是甘肃又一处在全国具有宏观影响的铁矿勘查重大成果。白银铜矿深部勘查是老矿山深部探边摸底找矿突破的典型事例,新增铜铅锌金属量51.93万吨,对延长白银铜矿山寿命具有重要意义。金矿勘查也取得了重要进展,累计探求金金属资源量43.07 t。晶质石墨作为新兴战略性矿产,连续找矿突破,初步探求资源量达490万吨。上述勘查成果显示,在矿业市场持续低迷的环境下,省地勘基金对全省地质找矿和矿业开发起到了显著的促进作用,对全省经济社会发展具有重要意义。  相似文献   

基于贝叶斯理论的接收函数与环境噪声联合反演   总被引：11，自引：5，他引：6       下载免费PDF全文

刘启元  李昱  陈九辉  郭飚  王峻  齐少华  李顺成 《地球物理学报》2010,53(11):2603-2612

基于Bayes反演理论(Tarantola,1987,2005),在接收函数非线性复谱比反演方法基础上(刘启元等,1996),本文讨论了接收函数与地震环境噪声Rayleigh波相速度频散的联合反演.本文采用修正后的快速广义反射/透射系数方法(Pei et al., 2008,2009) 计算Rayleigh波相速度频散, 并引入地壳泊松比的全局性搜索.数值检验表明:(1)接收函数与环境噪声的联合反演能够有效地解决反演结果对初始模型依赖的问题,即使对地壳速度结构仅有非常粗略的初始估计(例如,垂向均匀模型),本文方法仍能给出模型参数的可靠估计;(2)由于环境噪声与接收函数在频带上的适配性明显优于地震面波,接收函数与环境噪声的非线性联合反演能更好地约束台站下方近地表的速度结构;对于周期范围为2~40s的环境噪声相速度频散,利用本文方法能够可靠推测台站下方0~80 km深度范围的S波速度结构, 其浅表速度结构的分辨率可达到1 km; (3)本文方法能够可靠地估计地壳泊松比,泊松比的全局性搜索有助于合理解释接收函数和环境噪声的面波频散数据.利用本文方法对川西台阵KWC05台站观测的接收函数与环境噪声的联合反演表明,该台站下方地壳厚度为44 km,上地壳具有明显的高速结构,24~42 km范围的中下地壳具有低速结构.该台站下方地壳的平均泊松比为0.262,壳内低速带的泊松比为0.27.  相似文献   

Seismic wave propagation effects on buried segmented pipelines     

《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2015

This paper deals with seismic wave propagation effects on buried segmented pipelines. A finite element model is developed for estimating the axial pipe strain and relative joint displacement of segmented pipelines. The model accounts for the effects of peak ground strain, shear transfer between soil and pipeline, axial stiffness of the pipeline, joint characteristics of the pipeline, and variability of the joint capacity and stiffness. For engineering applications, simplified analytical equations are developed for estimating the maximum pipe strain and relative joint displacement. The finite element and analytical solutions show that the segmented pipeline is relatively flexible with respect to ground deformation induced by seismic waves and deforms together with the ground. The ground strain within each pipe segmental length is shared by the joint displacement and pipe barrel strain. When the maximum ground strain is higher than 0.001, the pipe barrel strain is relatively small and can be ignored. The relative joint displacement of the segmented pipeline is mainly affected by the variability of the joint pullout capacity and accumulates at locally weak joints.  相似文献   

关于做好云南省地震行业科研专项档案管理工作的思考     

林芳美 《国际地震动态》2015,(1)

简要分析了地震行业科研专项项目档案的特点,并提出从强化档案管理意识、建立相应的规章制度、档案工作与项目建设同步、加强档案业务指导、重视档案业务技能培训和做好档案验收工作6个方面,做好专项档案工作。  相似文献   

各向同性膨胀点源模拟长白山火山区岩浆囊压力变形源   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

朱桂芝  王庆良  石耀霖  崔笃信 《地球物理学报》2008,51(1):108-115

2002～2003年长白山火山区的水平运动缺乏中心对称性分布特征,本文采用同一深度沿三个互相垂直方向拉张的点源模式模拟了长白山火山区的岩浆囊压力变形源. 在介质参数为V_p＝6.700 km/s,V_s＝3.8700 km/s,ρ＝2900 kg/m³的均匀弹性半空间中, 联合利用2002～2003年长白山火山区的GPS观测数据和水准数据, 结合PSGRN/PSCMP代码和遗传算法反演长白山火山区的压力变形源特征. 反演结果表明,由三个垂直的不等量扩张方向确定的椭球状点源模型可以较好地模拟长白山火山区岩浆囊压力变形源. 岩浆囊深处9.2 km,在走向为34.4°,倾角为82.2°的断层面的法向方向体积扩张量最大,达到7000000 m³;在走向为3028°,倾角为78.5°的断层面的法向方向体积扩张量次之,达到6598071 m³;在走向为337.7°,倾角为14.0°的断层面的法向方向体积扩张量最小,达到5220160 m³.  相似文献   

基阶与高阶瑞利波联合反演研究   总被引：9，自引：3，他引：6       下载免费PDF全文

罗银河  夏江海  刘江平  刘庆生 《地球物理学报》2008,51(1):242-249

研究了六层层状介质模型瑞利波基阶和高模式波相速度对横波速度、深度的敏感性,结果表明：基阶波较高模式波对7 m以内浅部地层的横波速度更敏感,敏感性频带在10～25 Hz范围内,峰值频带集中在18 Hz左右;高模式波较基阶波对深部地层的横波速度更敏感,敏感性频带宽,峰值分散.基阶波对浅层的敏感性和高模式波穿透深度更深的特点为近地表岩土层二维横波速度结构的联合反演提供了前提条件.利用阻尼最小二乘SVD（Singular Value Decomposition）算法联合基阶与高模式波对理论模型和实例数据进行横波速度反演,反演结果表明联合反演增强了反演的稳定性,提高了反演的精度.  相似文献   

锚杆对节理围岩稳定性影响的离散元研究   总被引：13，自引：1，他引：12  

谭云亮  姜福兴  范炜林 《工程地质学报》1999,7(4):361-365

本文针对巷道围岩多被节理切割的特点,利用离散元研究了全长锚杆对节理围岩稳定性的影响。结果表明,尽早锚固,有利于围岩的稳定;同时,巷道各部位围岩的变形与破坏具有明显协同性或关联性,应预以系统考虑对围岩的加固。  相似文献   

3D joint inversion of magnetotelluric and airborne tipper data: a case study from the Morrison porphyry Cu–Au–Mo deposit,British Columbia,Canada          下载免费PDF全文

Benjamin M. Lee  Martyn J. Unsworth  Juliane Hübert  Jeremy P. Richards  Jean M. Legault 《Geophysical Prospecting》2018,66(2):397-421

Z‐axis tipper electromagnetic and broadband magnetotelluric data were used to determine three‐dimensional electrical resistivity models of the Morrison porphyry Cu–Au–Mo deposit in British Columbia. Z‐axis tipper electromagnetic data are collected with a helicopter, thus allowing rapid surveys with uniform spatial sampling. Ground‐based magnetotelluric surveys can achieve a greater exploration depth than Z‐axis tipper electromagnetic surveys, but data collection is slower and can be limited by difficult terrain. The airborne Z‐axis tipper electromagnetic tipper data and the ground magnetotelluric tipper data show good agreement at the Morrison deposit despite differences in the data collection method, spatial sampling, and collection date. Resistivity models derived from individual inversions of the Z‐axis tipper electromagnetic tipper data and magnetotelluric impedance data contain some similar features, but the Z‐axis tipper electromagnetic model appears to lack resolution below a depth of 1 km, and the magnetotelluric model suffers from non‐uniform and relatively sparse spatial sampling. The joint Z‐axis tipper electromagnetic inversion solves these issues by combining the dense spatial sampling of the airborne Z‐axis tipper electromagnetic technique and the deeper penetration of the lower frequency magnetotelluric data. The resulting joint resistivity model correlates well with the known geology and distribution of alteration at the Morrison deposit. Higher resistivity is associated with the potassic alteration zone and volcanic country rocks, whereas areas of lower resistivity agree with known faults and sedimentary units. The pyrite halo and ≥0.3% Cu zone have the moderate resistivity that is expected of disseminated sulphides. The joint Z‐axis tipper electromagnetic inversion provides an improved resistivity model by enhancing the lateral and depth resolution of resistivity features compared with the individual Z‐axis tipper electromagnetic and magnetotelluric inversions. This case study shows that a joint Z‐axis tipper electromagnetic–magnetotelluric approach effectively images the interpreted mineralised zone at the Morrison deposit and could be beneficial in exploration for disseminated sulphides at other porphyry deposits.  相似文献   

数据域初至波走时与成像域反射波走时联合层析速度建模方法          下载免费PDF全文

张兵  王华忠 《地球物理学报》2019,62(7):2633-2644

复杂地表探区,尤其是盆山过渡区的油气勘探是我国也是世界上油气勘探的重点区域,但是此类区域油气地震勘探中满足精确地震成像的速度建模一直是个没有很好解决的问题.本文提出了一种综合性的数据域初至波走时与成像域反射波走时联合层析复杂地表浅中深层速度建模方法,并针对联合层析速度反演解的非唯一性问题,深入地分析了层析反演中正则化的本质意义,指出了建立构造特征正则化方法的具体技术路线,提出了联合层析的实现流程及策略.理论和实际数据试验表明,本文提出的数据域初至走时与成像域反射走时联合层析浅中深层速度建模技术避免了常规建模方法中浅层速度模型与中深层速度模型的融合问题,较好地解决了传统成像域反射层析对近地表模型的不可控更新问题,整体提升了深度域浅中深层速度模型的建模精度,进而提高了复杂地表、复杂构造区的地震成像质量.  相似文献