Research progress of socio-economic water cycle in China   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Jia Shao-feng  Wang Guo  Zhang Shi-feng  Yu Gui-rui  Wang Jin-xia  Xia Jun 《地理学报(英文版)》2002,12(1):114-120

China has made great progress in the study of socio-economic water cycle. She has completed national water resources appraisement and medium to long-term water supply planning. She has been engaging in study on water-deficient regions in North China and Northwest China for about half a century. For solving water shortage problem in northern China, she has put forward the famous South-to-North Water Transferring Projects, which has been set as one of the four biggest national projects in the Tenth Five-Year-Plan period although there are still debates. For promoting water use efficiency, China has been reforming her water management system, including water right system and water price system. There has already been a case of water right purchase. China has also done a lot of research on the interaction between human activity, water and ecosystem. For meeting the need of sustainability and coordinating water resources development and environmental protection, the study of ecological water requirement became very hot in recent years. There are three focuses of socio-economic water cycle study now in China: water transfer projects from the south to the north, water resources management and ecological water requirement.  相似文献   

The 3D simulation and optimized management model of groundwater systems based on eco-environmental water demand     

Zhang Guang-xin Ph.D.  Deng Wei  He Yan 《地理学报(英文版)》2002,12(2):226-235

Through the study of mutual process between groundwater systems and eco-environmental water demand, the eco-environmental water demand is brought into groundwater systems model as the important water consumption item and unification of groundwater’s economic, environmental and ecological functions were taken into account. Based on eco-environmental water demand at Da’an in Jilin province, a three-dimensional simulation and optimized management model of groundwater systems was established. All water balance components of groundwater systems in 1998 and 1999 were simulated with this model and the best optimal exploitation scheme of groundwater systems in 2000 was determined, so that groundwater resource was efficiently utilized and good economic, ecologic and social benefits were obtained.  相似文献   

Participatory selection process for indicators of rangeland condition in the Kalahari   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Mark S Reed  & Andrew J Dougill 《The Geographical journal》2002,168(3):224-234

To develop indicator–based management tools that can facilitate sustainable natural resource management by non–specialists, meaningful participation of stakeholders is essential. A participatory framework is proposed for the identification, evaluation and selection of rangeland condition indicators. This framework is applied to the assessment of rangeland degradation processes and sustainable natural resource management with pastoralists in the southern Kalahari, Botswana. Farmer knowledge focused on vegetation and livestock, with soil, wild animal and socio–economic indicators playing a lesser role. Most were indicators of current rangeland condition; however 'early warning' indicators were also identified by some key informants. This demonstrates that some local knowledge is process–based. Such knowledge could be used to improve indicator–based management tools and extension advice on the livelihood adaptations necessary to prevent or reduce ecological change, capable of threatening livelihood sustainability. There is evidence that social background influences indicator use. Communal farmers rely most heavily on vegetation and livestock indicators, whilst syndicate and land–owning pastoralists cite wild animal and soil–based indicators most frequently. These factors must be considered if indicator–based management tools are to meet the requirements of a diverse community.  相似文献   

Managed relocation: an assessment of its feasibility as a coastal management option     

Derek J Mcglashan 《The Geographical journal》2003,169(1):6-20

Managed relocation is explained and examined as an option to add to the usual categories considered in relation to managing coastal erosion. The paper considers the relocation of buildings in one unit, as opposed to demolition and re-construction. The standard coastal erosion management options are briefly noted and how managed relocation can fit into these options is explained. This paper focuses on four case studies. Two examples are from the USA and two from the UK; of these, two (one in each of the UK and USA) took place during the nineteenth century. Managed relocation is proposed as being feasible in particular cases, particularly where there are isolated historic or high value buildings.  相似文献   

设备树在路灯AM/FM/GIS系统中的应用研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

杨建军  闾国年  宋亚超 《地理与地理信息科学》2003,19(5):35-38

该文提出了AM／FM／GIS中基于“设备树”的设备设施管理模式，运用“设备树”来组织路灯电力网络中的设备设施对象；阐述了如何从设备设施的物理模型抽象出具有树状层次结构的逻辑网络模型，并根据该逻辑模型设计相应的数据结构来构建“设备树”；并介绍了设备树在南京市路灯AM／FM／GIS系统中的设计与实现。  相似文献   

资源管理的系统基模模式及其讨论     

徐红罡 《地域研究与开发》2003,22(3):9-13

资源的利用涉及到社会、经济和自然的复杂系统，此系统具有补偿性的反馈结构和非线性行为的特点。如果没有认识到这些特征，资源管理的决策会引起更为严重的后果。运用系统基模的分析手段，可以更好地总结自然资源管理中出现的问题和其结构特征，有效地提高管理人员和研究人员认识、分析、预见和管理资源的能力，提高政策的长期有效性。文章通过分析公共的悲剧、增长的极限、缺少及时的有效投资、不可避免的波动、转嫁问题和扩大的冲突6种资源管理系统基模的行为和结构的定势，介绍了系统基模在自然资源管理中的运用。  相似文献   

"温州模式"新思考   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

王如渊 《地域研究与开发》2003,22(6):25-28,33

诞生于20世纪80年代初的“温州模式”已日渐显示出它的限制性。在对“温州模式”问题分析的基础上。作者认为“温州模式”在新时期必须要赋予新的内涵，要更新观念，要从生产、管理、销售模式等方面创新。  相似文献   

基于RS与GIS的干旱区绿洲景观格局变化研究——以金塔绿洲为例   总被引：35，自引：17，他引：35  

马明国  王雪梅  角媛梅  陈贤章 《中国沙漠》2003,23(1):53-58

景观生态学是宏观生态研究的一个新领域。景观格局变化研究,是目前景观生态学的研究热点。利用遥感的手段获取试验区1990和2000年景观格局的基础数据,并利用GIS做分析的工具,计算出6个指标值,采用格网化的方法,将研究区域的景观斑块转化成5m×5m的格网,进行空间分析,计算得出了景观斑块的转移矩阵,为景观格局在空间上的变化分析打下基础。分析显示:①多样性、均匀性、优势度3个指标数值上有很大的相关性,只需考虑多样性;②绿洲景观格局的变化与水资源的变化密切相关;③绿洲有沙漠化的威胁;④城镇居民点用地扩展迅速,主要在未利用土地上发展,金塔绿洲内城镇居民区有城市化的趋势;⑤城镇居民点破碎化指标值未能真正体现其景观特性,当不考虑少数几个大的斑块时,能够得到较为理想的结果。  相似文献   

加强资金管理促进地勘经济发展     

王晓燕  徐恩科 《吉林地质》2003,22(3):79-82

资金结构的不合理使一些地勘单位的发展步履维艰。增加财务杠杆利益,优化资本结构,保持良好的财务状况,发挥资金的有效利用率,才能实现资金的最大利润率,使地勘单位适应市场经济环境,提高其经济实力。  相似文献   

矿产地研院资本运营的几点浅见     

李文华 《矿产与地质》2003,17(1):106-107

从资本运营是现代企业经营的重要组成部分的观点出发，阐述了该院开展资本运营的具体步骤：（1）尽快实现该院的资本化、公司化和集团化，（2）积极规范开展以资本运作为先导的资产重组工作；（3）积极开展资本的直接运作。  相似文献