基于遥感数据的全球及区域土地覆盖制图--现状、战略和趋势   总被引：21，自引：4，他引：17  

李晓兵  陈云浩  喻锋 《地球科学进展》2004,19(1):71-080

土地利用／土地覆盖变化研究是近年来全球变化研究的焦点之一。全球和区域尺度的土地覆盖特征对全球环境状况的评估、模拟未来全球环境的情景有重要的作用。2000年在Internat ionalJournalofRemoteSensing杂志上出版了题为"GlobalandRegionalLandCoverCharacterizat ion from Remotely Sensed Data"的专辑。在此基础上,介绍、总结了国际上利用遥感影像进行全球和区域等大尺度土地覆盖研究的新进展。分别从数据源与制图的时空尺度、制图方法（数据预处理、分类、精度评估）等方面进行了介绍,并对现今的两个全球土地覆盖数据库进行了比较分析。  相似文献   

多光谱相机基于灰阶靶标的在轨绝对辐射定标     

陈洪耀  李胜利  司孝龙  李晶  徐伟伟  王戟翔  杨俊峰  张黎明  沈政国 《遥感学报》2012,16(S1):28-34

多光谱相机在轨绝对辐射定标是其遥感数据定量化应用的关键环节。高空间分辨率多光谱相机基于大面积灰阶靶标的在轨辐射定标, 以灰阶靶标BRDF、漫射/总辐射比和大气光学厚度等参数的地面测量为主, 通过目标反射辐射与大气程辐射、周围环境辐射的分离, 消除了对气溶胶散射的假设, 简化了定标流程, 突破了基于大面积均匀场定标受到的地理位置和天气状态等条件限制, 该方法有望实现高空间分辨率多光谱相机全动态范围内的高频次、高精度业务化在轨辐射定标。不确定度分析表明, 目前该辐射定标方法可实现4.7%的不确定度, 将来有望提高到3%—4%的水平。对天绘一号多光谱相机进行了基于大面积灰阶靶标的定标试验, 通过两次过顶时刻地面总辐照度变化的比较及靶标观测值的回归分析, 初步判断两次定标时间内多光谱相机波段3的性能发生了变化。  相似文献   

新技术对测绘未来发展的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

闵宜仁 《地理信息世界》2000,(1)

空间技术和信息技术的飞速发展对测绘部门的未来将产生一系列的影响。本文从空间定位系统、高分辨率遥感、地理信息系统、计算机网络等技术在测绘活动中的作用和高新技术发展特点,分析新技术对测绘部门未来的需求结构、生产技术结构和生产组织结构等方面的影响。  相似文献   

细微矿物拉曼成像分析技术与方法研究     

何佳乐  龚婷婷  潘忠习  杜谷 《岩矿测试》2021,(4):491-503

岩矿鉴定是各类地质工作开展的基础,其鉴定水平和质量直接影响着工作的深入程度和研究程度.传统鉴定方法受人员自身经验水平、光学显微镜分辨率等因素的影响较大,对于现今需要研究的细微稀有矿物、细粒沉积岩矿物等很难准确地识别鉴定.而依托高精密大型仪器的技术方法多数对样品制备有特殊要求,不利于样品的再利用,诸如扫描电镜、电子探针等...  相似文献   

虚拟现实及其在军事测绘与作训模拟中的应用     

高俊  游雄 《测绘学院学报》1996,(2)

虚拟现实是由计算机生成的人造环境或对象,它可以与操作者交互,构成一个封闭的系统,使人有身临其境之感。这一技术扩展了人的认知手段和范围,改变了传统的仿真与模拟方式,已引起了各个专业领域的重视。测绘工程为虚拟现实技术提供了理论、方法和数据基础,并应把这一技术作为下一世纪测绘保障的新手段而给予重视和开发。  相似文献   

Compound[ing] disasters in Puerto Rico: Pathways for virtual transdisciplinary collaboration to enhance community resilience     

《Global Environmental Change》2022

Puerto Rico has been subject to complex and compounding effects of multiple disasters, exacerbated by sociopolitical, climactic, and geographical challenges that complicate relief and resilience. Interdisciplinary teams are uniquely suited to traverse emerging challenges in post-disaster settings, but there are few studies that leverage transdisciplinary skill sets and virtual co-production of knowledge to build on local autonomous responses. Communities are key sources of information and innovation which can serve as a model for recovery amidst disaster. Thus, an interdisciplinary team of emerging scholars collaborated with Caras con Causa, a local organization in Cataño, Puerto Rico, to develop processes for enhancing autonomous responses to disaster events through participatory pathways, specifically highlighting local knowledge and preferences. The results of this collaboration include: (1) an iterative process model for transdisciplinary co-production in virtual settings and (2) key highlights from post engagement reflections including community-scale definitions of disaster, and limitations to virtual collaboration amidst disaster. Together, these results yielded critical insights and lessons learned, including recommendations for improved project communication methods within transdisciplinary and virtual collaborations. Collectively, the process, it’s resulting products, and the post-engagement reflections demonstrate a pathway for scholars and community members to engage disaster resilience challenges. These strategies are most effectively practiced through focused collaboration with community stakeholders and are paramount in solving real-world challenges related to the increasing complex of compounding disasters.  相似文献   

Development in Precision Seafloor Survey and Mapping in China     

Su Jilan  Chen Bangyan  Jin Xianglong 《Marine Geodesy》2002,25(1):79-86

This article presents a general introduction to the development in China since 1980s in precision seafloor survey and mapping. Emphasis is given to the processing and integration of data from the acquisition system centered on the multibeam bathymetric survey equipment, and to the interactive map generation systems, MBChart, SeaMap, and SeaGIIS. Application of these systems will also be described.  相似文献   

Side-Scan Sonar Characteristics and Manganese Nodule Abundance in the Clarion—Clipperton Fracture Zones, NE Equatorial Pacific     

Sang Hoon Lee  Ki-Hyune Kim 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2004,22(1):103-114

The deep ocean floor between the Clarion and Clipperton fracture zones (NE equatorial Pacific) has the highest known manganese nodule abundance in the world oceans. A detailed analysis of MR1 (Mapping Researcher 1, 11-12 kHz) sonar images and free-fall grab data in the Korean manganese nodule field areas reveals a close relationship between side-scan sonar characteristics of the seafloor and manganese nodule abundance. Eight sonar facies are identified based on back-scattering intensity and distribution patterns. These sonar facies can be interpreted as (1) volcanic seamounts (facies I-1), (2) bounding faults of abyssal hills (facies I-2 and II-1), (3) lava flows or volcanoclastic mass-flow deposits around the volcanic seamounts (facies I-3 and II-2), (4) crests of abyssal hills (facies II-1), (5) abyssal troughs between abyssal hills (facies III-1), (6) relatively flat areas (facies II-3 and III-2). In the areas where facies II-1 (abyssal hill crests with thin sediment cover) and II-3 (relatively flat areas draped by thin sediments) are dominant, manganese nodules occur abundantly. In contrast, zones comprising facies III-1 (abyssal troughs with thick sediment cover) and III-2 (relatively flat areas covered by thick sediments) are characterized by low abundance of manganese nodules. This relationship between distribution of sonar facies and manganese nodule abundance implies that (1) the qualitative difference in acoustic reflectivity of long-range side-scan sonar with some ground truth data is useful for regional assessment of manganese nodule occurrence over wide areas in a reasonable time, and (2) seafloor topography and sediment thickness are important controlling factors for regional occurrences of manganese nodules.  相似文献   

Embracing Informality – A Commentary     

Liora Bigon  Ambe J. Njoh 《The Cartographic journal》2017,54(2):181-184

This short commentary surveys an international exhibition entitled ‘The cartography of the unseen’, presented at HIT's Faculty of Design Research Gallery, Israel, February 2015. For a better understanding of this exhibition and its implications, also theoretically, we intervened with a further interpretation on one of the exhibited projects, that is, Map Kibera.  相似文献   

Monitoring the brazilian pasturelands: A new mapping approach based on the landsat 8 spectral and temporal domains     

《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2017

In a world marked by a rapid population expansion and an unprecedented increase in per capita income and consumption, sustainable food production is certainly the most pressing issue affecting mankind. Within this context, the brazilian pasturelands, the main land-use form in the country, constitute a particularly important asset as a land reserve, which, through improved land-use strategies and intensification, can meet food security goals and contribute to the mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions. In this study, we utilized the entire set of Landsat 8 images available for Brazil in 2015, from which dozens of seasonal metrics were derived, to produce, through objective criteria and automated classification strategies, a new pasture map for the country. Based on the Random Forest algorithm, individually modelled and applied to each one of the 380 Landsat scenes covering the Brazilian territory, our map showed an overall accuracy of 87%. Another result of this study was the thorough spatial and temporal assessment of Landsat 8 data availability in Brazil, which indicated that about 80% of the country had 12 or fewer observations free of clouds or cloud shadows in 2015.  相似文献