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71.
关于棉田感热通量和潜热通量的几种计算方法   总被引:8,自引:1,他引:7  
吴洪颜  申双和 《气象科学》2000,20(4):537-542
根据棉田的实测资料,选用四种常用的计算感染热通量的潜热通量的方法进行分析,发现空气动力学方法I和伯温比-能量平衡法的计算结果较一致,梯度扩散法略小,而布德科方法计算的潜热通量偏高、感热通量过低,因此得出结论:在计算棉花等作物的冠层通量时,选用空气动力学方法I最合适,其次是梯度扩散法。  相似文献   
72.
Several major improvements to an existing method for calibrating satellite altimeters using tide gauge data are described. The calibration is in the sense of monitoring and correcting temporal drift in the altimetric time series, which is essential in efforts to use the altimetric data for especially demanding applications. Examples include the determination of the rate of change of global mean sea level and the study of the relatively subtle, but climatically important, decadal variations in basin scale sea levels. The improvements are to the method described by Mitchum (1998a), and the modifications are of two basic types. First, since the method depends on the cancellation of true ocean signals by differencing the altimetric data from the tide gauge sea level time series, improvements are made that produce a more complete removal of the ocean signals that comprise the noise for the altimetric drift estimation problem. Second, a major error source in the tide gauge data, namely land motion, is explicitly addressed and corrections are developed that incorporate space-based geodetic data (continuous GPS and DORIS measurements). The long-term solution, having such geodetic measurements available at all the tide gauges, is not yet a reality, so an interim solution is developed. The improved method is applied to the TOPEX altimetric data. The Side A data (August 1992?February 1999) are found to have a linear drift component of 0.55 + / 0.39 mm/yr, but there is also a significant quadratic component to the drift that is presently unexplained. The TOPEX Side B altimeter is estimated to be biased by 7.0 + / 0.7 mm relative to the Side A altimeter based on an analysis of the first 350 days of Side B data.  相似文献   
73.
In recent years, the empirical literature linking environmental factors and human migration has grown rapidly and gained increasing visibility among scholars and the policy community. Still, this body of research uses a wide range of methodological approaches for assessing environment–migration relationships. Without comparable data and measures across a range of contexts, it is impossible to make generalizations that would facilitate the development of future migration scenarios. Demographic researchers have a large methodological toolkit for measuring migration as well as modeling its drivers. This toolkit includes population censuses, household surveys, survival analysis and multi-level modeling. This paper's purpose is to introduce climate change researchers to demographic data and methods and to review exemplary studies of the environmental dimensions of human migration. Our intention is to foster interdisciplinary understanding and scholarship, and to promote high quality research on environment and migration that will lead toward broader knowledge of this association.  相似文献   
74.
CSAMT在河南某铝土矿区深部勘查中的应用   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
应用可控源音频大地电磁法,在河南新安县石寺—北冶铝土矿区进行隐伏铝土矿勘查。结果表明,利用该方法能够反演奥陶系灰岩古地形界面,推断铝土矿含矿岩系的赋存空间,预估算铝土矿潜在资源量;该方法探测深度较大,能满足深部铝土矿勘查需要;根据可控源方法断面电阻率等值线,可较清晰反映地层的产状,进而根据电阻率值划分地层。  相似文献   
75.
Membership determination is the key-important step to study open clusters, which can directly in?uence on the estimation of open clusters’ physical parameters. DBSCAN (Density Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise) is a density-based clustering algorithm in data mining techniques. In this paper the DBSCAN algorithm has been used for the ?rst time to make the membership determination of the open clusters NGC 6791 and M 67 (NGC 2682). Our results indicate that the DBSCAN algorithm can effectively eliminate the contamination of ?eld stars. The obtained member stars of NGC 6791 exhibit clearly a doubled main-sequence structure in the color-magnitude diagram, implying that NGC 6791 may have a more complicated history of star formation and evolution. The clustering analysis of M67 indicates the presence of mass segregation, and the distinct relative motion between the central part and the outer part of the cluster. These results demonstrate that the DBSCAN algorithm is an effective method of membership determination, and that it has some advantages superior to the conventional kinematic method.  相似文献   
76.
77.
Most rapidly and differentially rotating disk galaxies, in which the sound speed (thermal velocity dispersion) is smaller than the orbital velocity, display graceful spiral patterns. Yet, over almost 240 yr after their discovery in M51 by Charles Messier, we still do not fully understand how they originate. In this first paper of a series, the dynamical behavior of a rotating galactic disk is examined numerically by a high-order Godunov hydrodynamic code. The code is implemented to simulate a two-dimensional flow driven by an internal Jeans gravitational instability in a nonresonant wave–“fluid” interaction in an infinitesimally thin disk composed of stars or gas clouds. A goal of this work is to explore the local and linear regimes of density wave formation, employed by Lin, Shu, Yuan and many others in connection with the problem of spiral pattern of rotationally supported galaxies, by means of computer-generated models and to compare those numerical results with the generalized fluid-dynamical wave theory. The focus is on a statistical analysis of time-evolution of density wave structures seen in the simulations. The leading role of collective processes in the formation of both the circular and spiral density waves (“heavy sound”) is emphasized. The main new result is that the disk evolution in the initial, quasilinear stage of the instability in our global simulations is fairly well described using the local approximation of the generalized wave theory. Certain applications of the simulation to actual gas-rich spiral galaxies are also explored.  相似文献   
78.
用径移主导吸积流模型(ADAF)不仅可以成功解释很多低吸积率天体的连续谱辐射,也可以说明X射线波段的谱线发射,而后者目前尚少有讨论.以黑洞X射线双星GX339-4处在低吸积率的宁静态情况为例,计算了它的铁线发射,表明在ADAF情况下的确可以产生足够强的可以在观测上检测的类氢和类氦铁Kα线.  相似文献   
79.
The previous work (He, 2001) on image analysis of over one hundred nearby galaxies indicates that for any spiral galaxy image of small inclination there is evidence of two sets of iso-ratio curves in different scales which, like curvilineal coordinate lines, expand over different galaxy components. This result sets constraint on galaxy patterns and a general equation which carries this constraint is presented in the current paper. The equation has clear geometrical meaning. Its much simplified version which applies to galaxy arms, when solved, may be a guidance to understanding galaxy patterns. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   
80.
李成  孔旭  程福臻 《天文学报》2002,43(2):121-130
利用主成分分析法(Principal Component Analysis,PCA),分析了41个银河系球状星团和22个年轻星团光学谱线的等值宽度,发现了一些对金属丰度比较敏感的特征谱线,如CN、CaⅡK、CaⅡH,MgⅠ MgH等,以及一些可作为年龄指标的谱线,如Hδ、Hγ、Hβ、Hα等,这些谱线将有助于区分星团年龄和金属丰度的耦合效应。  相似文献   
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