以风场和湿度的显著季节变化确定全球季风的分布     

郑彬 《气象科学》2006,26(5):473-477

利用1958~2003年对流层相对湿度和风场(NCEP/NCAR再分析资料)的季节变化来定义盛行风的季节变化引起的天气气候明显变化的区域———季风区。通过分析表明,对流层低层的风场季节变率可以描述传统的季风区,但是在传统季风区以外,也有风场季节变率大的区域。利用中高层相对湿度的显著季节变化(热带地区季节变化大于20%,副热带地区大于10%,赤道地区以风向的季节变化大于90°)可以弥补风场季节变率的不足。由它们二者确定的季风区物理意义明确,有较大的合理性。  相似文献   

NCEP和ECMWF资料表征南海夏季风的差异   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：2  

郑彬  谷德军  李春晖 《热带气象学报》2006,22(3):217-222

比较美国国家环境预报中心（NCEP）和欧洲中期天气预报中心（ECMWF）的再分析资料,分析了二者用低层风场表征南海夏季风上的差异.结果表明,NCEP得到的南海夏季风指数有明显的减小趋势,而ECMWF则没有;二者在年际尺度上都能较好地表征南海夏季风强度,而年代际尺度上有明显的位相差.与西沙站的探空资料比较结果表明,NCEP在经向风上更接近观测资料,而经向风的趋势变化正是西沙站西南风减小趋势的主要贡献项;ECMWF资料在年代际尺度变化上更接近观测资料.与1998年南海夏季风试验SCSMEX的再分析资料比较显示,NCEP资料在空间上与SCSMEX资料更相似.  相似文献   

西北太平洋夏季风的变化对台风生成的影响   总被引：40，自引：8，他引：40  

王慧  丁一汇  何金海 《气象学报》2006,64(3):345-356

研究了西北太平洋夏季风特征及其季风槽结构对台风生成的影响。当西北太平洋季风槽增强并向东扩展使季风加强时,西北太平洋的风速垂直切变、高低空辐散风、湿度和海温等都对台风的生成产生有利的影响,台风数明显比季风槽弱时多。而且对台风生成的位置也有很大的影响,即季风槽强时,台风的生成位置偏东,季风槽弱时台风的位置偏西。这表明西北太平洋夏季风主要是通过季风槽活动影响台风的生成。而夏季风的强弱对台风也有影响,在西北太平洋夏季风的活跃阶段,西北太平洋夏季风强时,台风生成的比较多,夏季风中断时台风生成的比较少。西北太平洋夏季风通过季风的季节内振荡对西北太平洋台风也有显著的影响。季节内振荡对台风生成的影响主要以30—60 d振荡为主。在这种低频振荡对流活动的湿位相时期台风生成个数明显多,干位相时期台风生成的少。而且低频振荡的西风位相也有利于台风生成,在东风位相时生成的台风少。另外,还研究了多台风期西北太平洋夏季的特征(群发性),发现在这些时期,存在强的季风槽,弱的垂直切变与充足的水汽供应。这表明西北太平洋台风时空的群发性与夏季风活动的异常密切相关。  相似文献   

Monsoon control on trace metal fluxes in the deep Arabian Sea     

T. M. Balakrishnan Nair 《Journal of Earth System Science》2006,115(4):461-472

Particulate fluxes of aluminium, iron, magnesium and titanium were measured using six time-series sediment traps deployed in the eastern, central and western Arabian Sea. Annual Al fluxes at shallow and deep trap depths were 0.47 and 0.46 g m^-2 in the western Arabian Sea, and 0.33 and 0.47 g m^-2 in the eastern Arabian Sea. There is a difference of about 0.9–1.8 g m^-2y^-1 in the lithogenic fluxes determined analytically (residue remaining after leaching out all biogenic particles) and estimated from the Al fluxes in the western Arabian Sea. This arises due to higher fluxes of Mg (as dolomite) in the western Arabian Sea (6–11 times higher than the eastern Arabian Sea). The estimated dolomite fluxes at the western Arabian Sea site range from 0.9 to 1.35gm^-2y^-1. Fe fluxes in the Arabian Sea were less than that of the reported atmospheric fluxes without any evidence for the presence of labile fraction/excess of Fe in the settling particles. More than 75% of Al, Fe, Ti and Mg fluxes occurred during the southwest (SW) monsoon in the western Arabian Sea. In the eastern Arabian Sea, peak Al, Fe, Mg and Ti fluxes were recorded during both the northeast (NE) and SW monsoons. During the SW monsoon, there exists a time lag of around one month between the increases in lithogenic and dolomite fluxes. Total lithogenic fluxes increase when the southern branch of dust bearing northwesterlies is dragged by the SW monsoon winds to the trap locations. However, the dolomite fluxes increase only when the northern branch of the northwesterlies (which carries a huge amount of dolomite accounting 60% of the total dust load) is dragged, from further north, by SW monsoon winds. The potential for the use of Mg/Fe ratio as a paleo-monsoonal proxy is examined.  相似文献   

Seasonal and Interannual Variations of Upper Tropospheric Water Vapor Band Brightness Temperature over the Global Monsoon Regions     

钱维宏  朱亚芬  谢安  叶谦 《大气科学进展》1998,(3)

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Monsoon circulation related to enso phase-locking     

Xu Jianjun  Zhu Qiangen  Zhou Tiehan 《大气科学进展》1998,15(2):267-276

The relation of interannual anomaly of East Asian monsoon to the ENSO cycle is investigated in terms of even and odd symmetry analysis over a tropical heating field based on the past 30-year data. Evidence suggests that odd and even symmetry components related to the monsoon and Walker heating, respectively, effectively describe the East Asian monsoon circulation and Pacific Walker analog, with the monsoon intensity index corresponding to its heating vigor and western Pacific Walker heating vigor to ENSO phase change, both types of heating marked by pro-nounced seasonal variation and phase-locking; the key region for linking monsoon-ENSO interaction is the western Pacific warm pool; the monsoon effect upon ENSO cycle is affected jointly by the seasonal evolution and interannual anomaly of the heating components; the superimposition of an anti-Walker circulation phase produced by interannual winter monsoon perturbation upon a weaker Walker phase on a seasonal basis leads to an El Nino hap-pening in March-April and plays a significant role in maintaining a warm ENSO phase.  相似文献   

东亚季风区夏季准定常环流系统气候特征及月内演变的数值模拟     

王世玉  张耀存 《气象科学》1998,18(1):20-27

利用P—σ混合坐标系5层区域气候模式,研究了东亚季风区夏季准定常环流系统的月平均气候特征及其时间演变,结果发规模式在一定的海陆分布、地形及模式物理过程等的综合作用下可以较好地模拟出东亚季风区夏季准定常环流系统的月平均气候特征,各高度上的主要环流系统以及高原地区的经圈环流与实际情况较为一致,准定常环流系统的时间变化主要发生在模式积分的前15天中,在此后的时间积分过程中环流系统的变化比较缓慢,大陆暖中心、低压中心以及季风强度指数等的时间演变和相关系数、均方误差及误差标准差的分析都能说明这一点。  相似文献   

基于地质记录用时域组合模型预测气候变化趋势的初步研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3       下载免费PDF全文

杨永国  余志伟  郭正堂  刘东生 《地球物理学报》1996,(1)

用时域分析组合模型建立了１００万年来６０°Ｎ６月份太阳辐射量时间序列、宝鸡黄土粒度时间序列、渭南夏季风指数时间序列的动态模型．研究结果表明，时域分析组合模型较好地提取了时间序列的信息，得到的几个显著周期Ｔ＝１３３，１００，８９，４１，２３，１９ｋａ，与地球轨道三要素的变化周期接近．用组合模型拟合实测数据，精度是高的；用其预测未来气候替代性指标时间序列的变化情况，发现未来气候有向干冷方向发展的趋势．时域分析组合模型为研究气候变化趋势提供了一种定量分析、预测的方法．  相似文献   

TBB资料所揭示的亚澳季风之季节循环特征和年际异常   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8       下载免费PDF全文

朱乾根 Murak.  M 《应用气象学报》1996,7(2):129-137

文章利用日本GMS所观测的黑体辐射温度TBB资料研究了亚澳季风的季节循环特征，结果表明:TBB资料在相当大的程度上确能反映低中纬环流系统的变化，它不仅再次证实了已有的关于亚澳季风季节进退的认识，并且揭示了一些新的现象，从而给出了一幅亚澳季风系统季节循环的完整图象。另外，文章还就TBB双赤道低值带的形成，以及由TBB资料所反映的亚澳季风之年际异常特征进行了研究。  相似文献   

Roughness length and drag coefficient at two MONTBLEX-90 tower stations     

Kusuma G. Rao 《Journal of Earth System Science》1996,105(3):273-287

Using MONTBLEX-90 mean velocity data, roughness lengths and drag coefficients are estimated at Jodhpur and Kharagpur. At Jodhpur, since the surface is not uniform the roughness length is estimated separately in three different subsectors within the range of prevailing wind directions and averages to 1.23 cm in the sector between 200° and 230° which is relatively flat with no obstacles on the ground. At Kharagpur, where the terrain is more nearly homogeneous, the average value (for all prevailing wind directions) is 1.94 cm. The drag coefficient C_D at Jodhpur shows variation both with the roughness subsector and with wind speed, the average over all directions increasing rapidly as themean wind speed Ū₁₀ at 10m height drops according to the power lawC _D = 0.05 Ū ₁₀ ^t-1.09 in trie range 0.5 < Ū₁₀ < 7 m s⁻¹. At Kharagpur, the drag coefficient is smaller than at Jodhpur by nearly 50% for the same range of wind speeds (> 3 ms⁻¹).  相似文献