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991.
中更新世气候转型期是第四纪古气候研究的一个特殊时期。利用大洋钻探ODP 184航次在南海北部钻取的1144站时间分辨率高达约290年的沉积物样品,开展中更新世气候转型期古气候变化的研究。在中更新世距今80~100万年前,浮游和底栖有孔虫壳体的稳定氧碳同位素变化揭示出,中更新世气候转型中心,即中更新世革命0.9 Ma左右,南海北部表层海水温度的降低和降水量的增加指示东亚冬、夏季风增强。以中更新世革命为界,水体垂向结构上温跃层和营养跃层的深度从之前的间冰期较浅转变为之后的间冰期较深,底层水与表层水的垂直温度梯度从冰期时较大转变为冰期时较小。轨道尺度上,冰消期时南海北部的表层水、次表层水和底层水的变化几乎是同时发生的,不存在超前或滞后的相位差。千年尺度上,有孔虫的氧碳同位素变化都呈现出非常明显的约0.8 ka和约1.4 ka的气候波动周期。氧同位素0.8 ka滤波显示出:在中更新世气候转型期,较强的信号主要出现在间冰期,有时也出现在冰期,与晚第四纪千年尺度气候波动主要出现在冰期不同,说明中更新世的气候转型不仅表现在轨道尺度的气候周期变化上,同时也体现在千年尺度气候波动的特征变化中。
相似文献
992.
Coastal processes and environmental hazards: the Buenos Aires (Argentina) and Venetian (Italy) littorals 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Jorge Pousa Luigi Tosi Eduardo Kruse Dardo Guaraglia Maurizio Bonardi Andrea Mazzoldi Federica Rizzetto Enrique Schnack 《Environmental Geology》2007,51(8):1307-1316
The Buenos Aires (Argentina) and Venice (Italy) coastlands have experienced significant saltwater contamination of the phreatic
aquifer, coastal erosion, hydrodynamic changes and relative sea level rise processes due to natural and man-induced factors.
These factors expose coastal areas to morpho-hydro-geological hazards, such as soil desertification, frequency and degree
of flooding, littoral erosion, and the silting of river mouths and channels. Man-made interventions and actions, such as beach
mining, construction of coastal structures and exploitation of aquifers without an adequate knowledge of the hydrology setting
and an adequate management program, worsen these natural hazards. Uncontrolled human activity induces environmental damage
to the overall coastal plains. The coastal plains play an important role in the social/economic development of the two regions
based on land use, such as agriculture, horticulture, breeding, and tourism, as well as industry. Results of investigations
on saltwater contamination, sea level rise and morphological changes recently performed in these two coastal areas are presented
here. 相似文献
993.
This paper discusses the situation of sea navigation in south East Asia focusing on the Strait of Malacca. The strait links
the Indian and Pacific oceans, which is considered one of the busiest in several narrow channels around the world. The paper
highlights the significance of the strait to global maritime trade, volume of traffic, and rising environmental and social
consequences in the strait. A feasibility study of constructing a new shipping canal in the South Thai Kra Isthmus as an alternative
option of Malacca route had been studied since 19th century. The paper explores suitable sites for a potential shipping canal
in the Kra Isthmus using physiographic spatial data i.e., elevation, sea charts, geology, soils and river systems. Each spatial
data was considered as a separate decision variable for site evaluation. Separate evaluation criterions were prepared for
each variable based on shipping canal requirements. Overlaying the maps in GIS environment, the variables were carefully evaluated,
and five geographic sites for the canal were derived. The length of the shipping canal over sea and land was computed for
each site. Site B located in south of Ranong and Chumphon provinces, was the shortest one, whereas site C in Surat Thani,
Pangnna and Krabi provinces was the longest. However, each site consisted of benefits and constraints. 相似文献
994.
In a recent paper, Nof et al. (J Paleolimnol 35:417–439, 2006) suggest a physical mechanism which could account for the formation
of ice on Lake Kinneret (Sea of Galilee) in northern Israel. Based on the sea surface temperature record of sediment cores
from the Mediterranean Sea the authors argue that centennial-scale cold events had the potential to trigger local ‘springs
ice’ formation on the lake in the past. Here, we demonstrate that a closer inspection of the paleoceanographic record in combination
with correlation and regression analyses of meteorological data provides no evidence for such cold events in the lake region
during the last 10,000 years. Thus, the formation of ‘springs ice’ on Lake Kinneret was unlikely at least since the beginning
of the Neolithic. 相似文献
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999.
Characteristics of seasonal and spatial variations of primary production over the southeastern Bering Sea shelf 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3
In situ primary production data collected during 1978–1981 period and 1997–2000 period were combined to improve understanding of seasonal and spatial distribution of primary production in the southeastern Bering Sea. Mean daily primary production rates showed an apparent seasonal cycle with high rates in May and low rates in summer over the entire shelf of the southeastern Bering Sea except for oceanic region due to lack of data. There was also an increasing trend of primary production rates in the fall over the inner shelf and the middle shelf. There was a decreasing trend of primary production rates between late April and mid-May over the inner shelf while there was an abrupt increase between late April and mid-May over the middle shelf and the outer shelf. In the shelf break region, there was an increasing pattern in late May. These suggest that there was a gradual progression of the development of the spring phytoplankton bloom from the inner shelf toward the shelf break region. There was also a latitudinal variability of primary production rate over the middle shelf, probably due to either spatial variations of the seasonal advance and retreat of sea ice or horizontal advection of saline water in the bottom layer. Annual rates of primary production across the southeastern Bering Sea shelf were 121, 150, 145, 110, and 84 g C m−2 yr−1 in the inner shelf, the middle shelf, the outer shelf, the shelf break, and oceanic region, respectively. High annual rates of primary production over the inner shelf can be attributed to continuous summer production based on regenerated nitrogen and/or a continuous supply of nitrogen at the inner front region, and to fall production. There were some possibilities of underestimation of annual primary production over the entire shelf due to lack of measurement in early spring and fall, which may be more apparent over the shelf break and oceanic region than the inner shelf, the middle, and the outer shelf. This study suggests that the response of primary production by climate change in the southeastern Bering Sea shelf can be misunderstood without proper temporal and seasonal measurement. 相似文献
1000.
The regional ocean model system (ROMS) is used to downscale a 26-year period of the twentieth century 20C3M experiment from
the global coupled Bergen climate model (BCM) for the North Sea. Compared to an observational-based climatology, BCM have
good results on the mean temperature, except for too low winter temperature. This is connected to a too weak inflow of Atlantic
water. The downscaling gives added value to the BCM results by providing regional details, doubling the Atlantic inflow, and
improving the mean winter temperature. For mean salinity, BCM has values very close to the climatology, whereas the downscaling
becomes too fresh. The downscaling, however, improves the sea surface salinity, the vertical structure, and the Norwegian
Coastal Current. It is concluded that the downscaling procedure as presented here is a suitable tool for assessing the future
Atlantic inflow and sea temperature in the North Sea based on a global climate projection. 相似文献