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21.
Wolfgang H. Berger Memorie K. Yasuda Torsten Bickert Gerold Wefer 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》1996,85(3):466-495
We provide a reconstruction of atmospheric CO2 from deep-sea sediments, for the past 625000 years (Milankovitch chron). Our database consists of a Milankovitch template
of sea-level variation in combination with a unique data set for the deep-sea record for Ontong Java plateau in the western
equatorial Pacific. We redate the Vostok ice-core data of Barnola et al. (1987). To make the reconstructions we employ multiple
regression between deep-sea data, on one hand, and ice-core CO2 data in Antarctica, on the other. The patterns of correlation suggest that the main factors controlling atmospheric CO2 can be described as a combination of sea-level state and sea-level change. For best results squared values of state and change
are used. The square-of-sea-level rule agrees with the concept that shelf processes are important modulators of atmospheric
CO2 (e.g., budgets of shelf organic carbon and shelf carbonate, nitrate reduction). The square-of-change rule implies that, on
short timescales, any major disturbance of the system results in a temporary rise in atmospheric CO2. 相似文献
22.
23.
沥青铀矿中氧同位素测定方法 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文介绍了一种直接测定沥青铀矿中氧同位素的分析方法--五氟化溴法,实验分析和数据首次表明,铀氧化物中的氧同位素主要是富轻氧的。 相似文献
24.
概述了同位素封闭体系内的矿物氧扩散和同位素交换机制及其在地质速率计上的应用。火成岩从高温冷却或变质岩从高峰主质温度冷却过程中,由于冷却速度不同,扩散作用导致的矿物晶体内部及晶粒间氧同位素再平衡也有所不同。通过实测岩石中各组成矿物氧同位素比值,模式含量和颗粒半径,据矿物氧扩散和同位素交换模型,可以估算出岩石的冷却速率。 相似文献
25.
徐州地区下古生界碳酸盐岩的碳、氧同位素研究 总被引:12,自引:2,他引:12
在已有的对徐州地区下古生界碳酸盐岩详细岩石学研究基础上,系统测试了碳酸盐岩方解石和白云石的碳、氧同位素组成特征;地球化学和岩石学研究相结合,综合提取了碳酸盐岩碳、氧同位素组成的沉积、成岩地质信息;初步探讨了同位素组成的地层变化及其意义。研究结果表明:碳酸盐岩碳同位素组成特征可以指示沉积环境及其演化,开阔陆表海、灰质障壁砂坝、局限陆表海、潮下带、潮渠、藻坪诸沉积相间碳酸盐岩的δ^13C值表现出规律性变化,碳同位素组成变化曲线上的显著正偏移与海侵有关;碳酸盐岩氧同位素组成对成岩环境及其演化有明显响应,淡水成岩环境、潮上成岩环境、潮间成岩环境、潮下成岩环境和埋藏成岩环境具有不同的碳酸盐岩氧同位素组成特征;徐州地区大北望寒武系剖面地层界线附近都有碳、氧同位素组成变化的特征显示,研究工作证实了徐州地区下古生界同位素地层划分的可行性。 相似文献
26.
The chromites from the alpine type ultramafic intrusive of Sukinda, India, display a typical partly inverse spinel form and occur in two distinct zones: Brown Ore Zone (BOZ) and Grey Ore Zone (GOZ). The host ultramafites are mostly altered and are represented by the serpentinite, tremolite-talc(chlorite) schist, talc-serpentine schist and chlorite rock. The less altered variants are dunite, harzburgite and websterite. A dyke of orthopyroxenite runs through the main ultramafic body.The composition of olivine (Fo92), orthopyroxene (En92–89) and Al2O3 contents of the parental liquid (10.40–11.45%) determined from chromites, suggest that the parent melt is of boninitic affinity. The chemical plot of TiO2 content against cr# of chromites corroborates a boninitic parental melt. The Fe–Mg partitioning in olivine and chromite depicts the temperature for chromitites as 1200 °C. A compositional plot of mg# and cr# suggests crystallization at high pressure conditions, corresponding to the kimberlite xenolith field. From the P–T diagram of pyrolite melting and mineral assemblage, the pressure of crystallization is stipulated to be ≥1.2 GPa. The fO2 values estimated from Fe3+/Cr+Al+Fe3+ ratios range from 10−8.3 to 10−9.3 for the GOZ and 10−7.1 to 10−7.3 for the BOZ. The fO2 values together with the pressure range suggest crystallization at upper mantle conditions. The heterogeneity in chemical composition and fO2 conditions for the GOZ and BOZ could be linked to heterogeneity in the upper mantle. 相似文献
27.
Oxygen isotope profiles along the growth axis of fossil bivalve shells of Macoma calcarea were established to reconstruct hydrographical changes in the eastern Laptev Sea since 8400 cal yr B.P.. The variability of the oxygen isotopes (δ18O) in the individual records is mainly attributed to variations in the salinity of bottom waters in the Laptev Sea with a modern ratio of 0.50‰/salinity. The high-resolution δ18O profiles exhibit distinct and annual cycles from which the seasonal and annual salinity variations at the investigated site can be reconstructed. Based on the modern analogue approach oxygen isotope profiles of radiocarbon-dated bivalve shells from a sediment core located northeast of the Lena Delta provide seasonal and subdecadal insights into past hydrological conditions and their relation to the Holocene transgressional history of the Laptev Sea shelf. Under the assumption that the modern relationship between δ18Ow and salinity has been constant throughout the time, the δ18O of an 8400-cal-yr-old bivalves would suggest that bottom-water salinity was reduced and the temperature was slightly warmer, both suggesting a stronger mixture of riverine water to the bottom water. Reconstruction of the inundation history of the Laptev Sea shelf indicates local sea level ∼27 m below present at this time and a closer proximity of the site to the coastline and the Lena River mouth. Due to continuing sea level rise and a southward retreat of the river mouth, bottom-water salinity increased at 7200 cal yr B.P. along with an increase in seasonal variability. Conditions comparable to the modern hydrography were achieved by 3800 cal yr B.P. 相似文献
28.
We have analyzed the stable oxygen isotopic composition of two Porites corals from the Chagos Archipelago, which is situated in the geographical center of the Indian Ocean. Coral δ18O at this site reliably records temporal variations in precipitation associated with the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ). Precipitation maxima occur in boreal winter, when the ITCZ forms a narrow band across the Indian Ocean. The Chagos then lies within the center of the ITCZ, and rainfall is strongly depleted in δ18O. A 120-yr coral isotopic record indicates an alternation of wet and dry intervals lasting 15 to 20 yr. The most recent 2 decades are dominated by interannual variability, which is tightly coupled to the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO). This is unprecedented in the 120 yr of coral record. As the ITCZ is governed by atmospheric dynamics, this provides evidence of a major change in the coupled ENSO-monsoon system. 相似文献
29.
30.
The weight-specific respiration rate (μl O2 mg−1 AFDW h−1) of three species of leech from Lake Esrom, Denmark, Glossiphonia concolor, G. complanata and Helobdella stagnalis was measured in a closed stirred chamber with a micro electrode. At declining oxygen concentration (mg O2 l−1) all three species expressed moderate ability to regulate respiration, in G. concolor and G. complanata down to 2 mg O2 l−1, in H. stagnalis down to 0.75 mg O2 l−1. Survival in anoxia was measured in closed bottles. The time to 50% survival (LD50) was 30 days in G. concolor at 20 °C and 30 and 4 days in H. stagnalis at 10 and 20 °C, respectively. The results were discussed in relation to habitat and spatial distribution of the three species in the lake. 相似文献