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61.
62.
稳定同位素在天然气水合物地球化学勘查中的应用简介--以"布莱克海隆"海区为例 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
介绍了国外在布莱克海隆(包括ODP164航次994、995、997站位)进行天然气水合物勘查过程中应用稳定同位素的研究实例;通过对这3个站位样品的甲烷、CO2、DIC(dissolved inorganic carbon)、有机碳以及自生碳酸盐的δ^13C分析,指出浅部(0-30m)甲烷和DIC的δ^13C值随深度迅速降低又迅速升高的变化可以作为天然气水合物存在的地球化学指标。994站位孔隙水δ^18O值深度从0.30‰下降到-0.37‰;氢同位素δD随深度略有下降(从11‰到-12‰),这与水合物形成时氢氧重同位素相对富集于固相有关,表明天然气水合物的存在。997站位δ^37Cl从海底沉积物表层以下30m处为接近海水的最大值0,至钻孔底746.85m处降为-3.68‰,可能也与天然气水合物的形成有关。 相似文献
63.
在1981、1991(1990)和1998年3次海洋环境调查的基础上,通过相同水质要素时空比较分析,江苏海域的溶解氧、磷酸盐、硝酸盐和亚硝酸 盐这4种主要海水化学因子具有时空变化特征,其高值区主要分布在灌河口、扁担港口、射阳河口、川东港和长江北支口北侧,且河口、近岸值高,向海含量渐小,不同年份、季节也有变化。沿海水化学性质主要受陆源排污(农田化肥等)影响,主要是入海河流携带污染物、海洋生物作用和本海域水体运动特征的影响,此外,溶解氧变化还受到水温变化的影响。 相似文献
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65.
通过对水库中12个围隔两次取样的叶绿素a浓度(单位:μg/L)、化学耗氧量(单位:mg·O_2/L)和塞克透明度(单位:m)的实验数据分析,求得如下回归方程: (1)[Chla]=17.60·[SD]~(-1·86) r=-0.87 (2)[Chla]=-28.85+7.32·[COD] r=0.89 (3)[COD]=6.88·[SD]~(-0·68) r=0.91本文还对这些结果进行了讨论。 相似文献
66.
Time series of freshwater runoff, seawater salinity, temperature and oxygen were used in transfer functions (TF) to model changes of mesozooplankton taxa in the Baltic Sea from the 1960’s to the 1990’s. The models were then compared with long term zooplankton monitoring data from the same period. The TF models for all taxa over the whole Baltic proper and at different depth layers showed statistically significant estimates in t-tests. TF models were further compared using parsimony as a criterion. We present models showing 1) r2 > 0.4, 2) the smallest residual standard error with the combination of exploratory variables, 3) the lowest number of parameters and 4) the highest proportional decrease in error term when the TF model residual standard error was compared with those of the univariate ARIMA model of the same response variable. Most often (7 taxa out of a total of 8), zooplankton taxa were dependent on freshwater runoff and/or seawater salinity. Cladocerans and estuarine copepods were more conveniently modelled through the inclusion of seawater temperature and oxygen data as independent variables. Our modelling, however, explains neither the overall increase in zooplankton abundance nor a simultaneous decrease found in the neritic copepod, Temora longicornis. Therefore, biotic controlling agents (e.g. nutrients, primary production and planktivore diets) are suggested as independent variables for further TF modelling. TF modelling enabled us to put the controlling factors in a time frame. It was then possible, despite the inherent multiple correlation among parameters studied to deduce a chain-of-events from the environmental controls and biotic feedback mechanisms to changes in zooplankton species. We suggest that the documented long-term changes in zooplankton could have been driven by climatic regulation only. The control by climate could be mediated to zooplankton through marine chemical and physical factors, as well as biotic factors if all of these were responding to the same external control, such as changes in the freshwater runoff. Increased runoff would explain both the increasing eutrophication, causing the overall increase of zooplankton, and the changes in selective predation, contributing to decline of Temora. 相似文献
67.
珠江口河流输沙、河口沉积与粒度信息之间的联系 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
河口三角洲地区泥沙供应充分,是现代沉积速率较高的区域。快速沉积的泥沙包含高分辨率的环境信息。采用放射性同位素测年方法研究了珠江口伶仃洋大铲湾海域6个柱样的现代沉积速率,以2mm的间隔分析了其中2个柱样上部的粒度,并对其平均粒径和珠江流域的年输沙量进行了快速傅里叶变换,以期获取河流泥沙供应、河口沉积速率和沉积物垂向粒度变化的对应关系。结果表明,大铲湾海域的沉积速率为1~3cm/a,受动力条件和泥沙供应条件的影响显著。2个柱样的平均粒径的最显著重现周期与珠江年输沙量的周期性有较好的对应关系,并可能反映了季节的、年的和多年的沉积速率信息。对于每年沉积厚度在厘米级的环境,以毫米级的高分辨率进行粒度分析,有可能揭示出沉积物供应的季节变化和年际变化。本研究亦可为其他河口的相关工作提供借鉴。 相似文献
68.
A Stable Carbon Isotope Study of the Food-web in a Freshwater-deprived South African Estuary, with Particular Emphasis on the Ichthyofauna 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The importance of macrophytes as food sources for estuarine nekton is unclear. Previous carbon isotope investigations in the macrophyte-dominated, freshwater-deprived Kariega Estuary showed that the bivalveSolen cylindraceusdid not utilize the dominant estuarine macrophytes found within the estuary as a primary food source. This finding prompted questions as to what the nekton of this estuary utilize as primary energy sources. δ13C analyses of the principal autochthonous and allochthonous primary carbon sources, as well as the dominant invertebrate and fish species, indicate that there are two main carbon pathways within the Kariega Estuary. The littoral community, which incorporates the majority of crustaceans, gobies, mullet and a sparid, utilizes δ13C enriched primary food sources namelySpartina maritima,Zosteracapensis and epiphytes. The channel fauna, which includes the zooplankton, zooplanktivorous and piscivorous fish, utilizes a primary food source depleted in δ13C, which is most likely a mixture of phytoplankton, terrestrial plant debris and C4macrophyte detritus. The C3saltmarsh macrophytesSarcocornia perennisandChenolea diffusa, as well as benthic microalgae, appear to be less important as primary food sources to the nekton of the Kariega Estuary. 相似文献
69.
Seismic noise induced by the seismic source during continuous profiling reduces the signal-to-noise ratio and hence the data quality. This noise is largely dependent on the shot interval. In this paper, the noise amplitude of refraction seismic records from a special experiment is analysed as a function of the shot interval. An empirical exponential relationship between mean peak noise amplitude and shot interval is deduced. By increasing the shot interval, the induced noise can be minimized on all successive records. This results in an improvement of the data, predominantly the signal-to-noise ratio. Because the seismic signal and the shot-induced noise have nearly the same spectra, the chance of improving the signal-to-noise ratio by stacking is significantly reduced. 相似文献
70.