排序方式： 共有23条查询结果，搜索用时 15 毫秒
11.
G. Henrici D. Hofmann H.-W. Georgii K. O. Groeneveld 《Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry》1991,12(4):391-400
PIXE is a well established and valuable method for quantitative and qualitative aerosol elemental analysis. Using this method, we have developed a technique to simultaneously analyse the trace-element content in precipitation for elements with Z> 12. Freeze-drying and leaching was used as a nonselective preconcentration technique. A special backing foil to take up the sample liquid to be dried was developed for these experiments. By careful adjustment of the experimental parameters, we reached a detection limit lower than 1 ppb for most detected elements. Thus, it will be possible to analyze precipitation at low concentrations of trace elements which are important for air chemistry and environmental studies.Supported by DFG/Bonn under Sonderforschungsbereich 233. 相似文献
12.
Quantitative high resolution cathodoluminescence spectroscopy of diagenetic and hydrothermal dolomites 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Axel Gillhaus Detlev K. Richter Jan Meijer Rolf D. Neuser Andreas Stephan 《Sedimentary Geology》2001,140(3-4):191-199
A combination of high resolution cathodoluminescence-spectroscopy (HRS-CL=high resolution spectroscopy of cathodoluminescence emission) with spatial resolving trace element analyses (PIXE=proton induced X-ray emission) is used to establish a method for the quantitative determination of the Mn-content of diagenetic and hydrothermal dolomites using the measurements of peak areas of Mn-activated CL emission bands. This method takes into account the overlap of the CL broad bands of Mn2+ in the Mg- and the Ca-lattice-position of dolomite. There is a linear correlation between the peak areas and Mn concentration up to approx. 1000–1500 ppm. Thus, CL spectroscopy allows a determination of Mn concentrations below the abilities of PIXE (10–15 ppm) to less than 1 ppm by extrapolation of this linear relation.
Up to an Fe-content of approx. 2000 ppm, no quenching effect of Fe on this linear relationship occurs. However, Fe-contents above 2000 ppm result in a decrease of Mn-induced luminescence. Even at Fe-concentration >25,000 ppm spectroscopy reveals that Mn-activated CL of dolomite is not entirely extinguished. 相似文献
13.
Masanori Kurosawa Kunihiro Shima Satoshi Ishii Kimikazu Sasa 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》2006,30(1):17-30
The concentrations of fifty trace elements, including relatively volatile elements and transition metal elements, in fused glasses of Geological Survey of Japan rock reference materials GSJ JR-2, JA-1, JA-2, JB-1a, JB-3, JGb-1 and JF-1 were determined by particle (proton) induced X-ray emission (PIXE) and laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS). The fused glasses were prepared by rapid fusion and subsequent quenching in welded platinum capsules and were found to be homogeneous for major elements and for trace elements with concentrations of more than 1 μg g-1 within the observed precision (± 10% mean) on a 70 μm sampling scale. The values obtained by PIXE and LA-ICP-MS for the transition elements (Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni and Cu), the relatively volatile elements (Zn, Ga, Rb and Pb) and the refractory elements (Y, Zr, Nb and Th) with concentrations greater than a few μg g-1 showed good agreement (within 10 % relative difference). The values for almost all the elements detected at concentrations higher than 1 μg g-1 as determined by LA-ICP-MS also agreed well with the reference values (mean relative difference < ± 10%), except for B and Cu. The good agreement confirmed the appropriateness of the NIST SRM 600 series glass calibration reference material for LA-ICP-MS analysis of glasses with variable major-element compositions for almost all elements. The concentrations of Cu in all the samples were lower than the reference values, which was attributed to adsorption of the transition metals onto the platinum capsule during preparation. 相似文献
14.
Lila Rojo Melanie A. Barnes Thomas E. Gill 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》2012,36(1):83-102
Particle‐induced X‐ray emission (PIXE) and ICP‐AES can be combined to obtain a wider range of detected elements, augment previous data and/or to verify measured concentrations of heavy and trace metals in geological samples. Intercomparison of data sets generated by multiple techniques is challenging due to the differing processes and methods of each technique. Here, we compare elemental data obtained by both techniques for aeolian dust from Owens (Dry) Lake, California. Nineteen elements were detected by PIXE, sixteen by ICP‐AES and ten elements were detected by both techniques. Statistical analyses of data set groupings illustrated which parameters differed significantly between PIXE and ICP‐AES. Relative variation (%) showed that PIXE gave higher concentrations than ICP‐AES for Al, As, Cu, Fe, K, Mn, Ni, Sr, Ti and Zn in all samples. For As, Cu, Sr and Zn, relative variation was variable between the techniques. PIXE detection limits exceeded ICP‐AES concentrations for Ba, Cd, Co, Cr, Pb and Mo. Low ICP‐AES percentage recoveries of Al, Fe, K, Mn and Ti for NIST SRM 2710 indicated incomplete dissolution during digestion (EPA Method 3050B), since elements were bound in silicate structures. Variability between the two data sets is explained by differences between analytical techniques, sample preparation methods and/or variability in sample matrices. 相似文献
15.
L. Tositti M. Mingozzi S. Sandrini L. Forlani M.C. Buoso M. De Poli D. Ceccato D. Zafiropoulos 《Global and Planetary Change》2006,53(4):278
Two peat columns from Tunguska (Siberia) were analysed for pollen, spores, charcoal, trace elements and γ-emitters in order to identify the fingerprints of the impact of a still unidentified cosmic body (TCB), which occurred in the summer of 1908, and the level of environmental pollution in a background area of central Siberia. Peat layers were subject to non-destructive γ-ray spectrometry to derive radiochronology by the excess 210Pb method. The age-to-depth relationship was crosschecked by using both 1963 horizon of 137Cs associated to maximum global fallout deposition and palynological data profiles. Vertical distributions of trace elements in the peat columns were obtained by PIXE multielemental analysis allowing determination of the levels of environmental contamination in a background region of the Siberian taiga.The association of heavy metals such as Ni, Co and Cu in the profiles suggests the connection of the area with mining and metal smelting activity in the north of the region through atmospheric circulation. As concerns global scale contamination, the inventory of the artificial radionuclide 137Cs (4.6 kBq m− 2) shows a value typical of remote slightly contaminated areas resulting from global scale redistribution of radioactive fallout from Cold War nuclear weapon testing. The atmospheric inventory of the natural radionuclide 210Pb, for which a mean annual flux of 200 Bq m− 2 yr− 1 has been calculated, is typical of continental regions.The influence of Tunguska Cosmic Body in the peat is recognizable by a large discontinuity in the palynological profile of the peat monolith at a depth coinciding with the 1908 layer as determined by the 210Pb technique, showing a large peak of total pollen counting attributed to the impact of the shockwave on the area in which huge tree stands were destroyed. Following the event, tree pollen concentration decreases abruptly showing the temporary inception of a mire environment with an increase of Sphagnum spore concentrations. Results of elemental analysis so far available do not show anomalies in the concentration profiles at depths coinciding with the Tunguska event layer indicating the need for pre-concentration technique enabling the detection of element associations typical of extraterrestrial materials. 相似文献
16.
ZHANG Ren-Jian 《大气和海洋科学快报》2010,3(1):31-35
Atmospheric aerosol samples collected in Beijing during 17-21 September 2004 were analyzed using the proton-induced X-ray emissions (PIXE) method, yielding concentrations of 20 elements. Analyzing the aerosol element size-spectrum distribution, enrichment factor (EF) and source over Beijing showed that under strong wind weather conditions, there were double peak distributions in the element size-spectra of Cu, S, K, Mn, As, Br, and Pb: one in fine mode and another in coarse mode. The peak in fine mode resulted from local emissions related to human activities, while the peak in coarse mode was caused by long range transport. The EF values of elements Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Br, and Pb were relatively high, suggesting an evident characteristic polluted by regional aerosol. Results from factor analysis indicated that soil dust, coal-burning, industry and vehicle emissions contributed considerably to the autumn aerosol pollution in Beijing. 相似文献
17.
Vincent Barbin Karl Ramseyer Mikael Elfman 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》2008,97(1):193-199
The biological response of increased manganese in seawater was tested experimentally with the oyster species Crassostrea gigas by adding, once per day, a fixed quantity of MnCl2 to the container where the oysters were living. Uptake of Mn2+ in the shell was traced with cathodoluminescence and quantified with a high spatial resolution proton microprobe. The daily
addition of MnCl2 resulted in the visualization of distinct growth increments seen simultaneously in both the calcitic shell and the aragonitic
ligament. A relation was observed between the addition of Mn2+ to the seawater and incorporation of Mn in the mineral part of the shell. Thus, addition of MnCl2 to seawater is an efficient tool to mark in vivo growth increments in bio-mineralised carbonates. 相似文献
18.
单向聚束质子激发X射线研究超导材料合成中的重力效应 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
采用质子激发Ｘ射线（ＰＩＸＥ）分析技术,以能量为２．０ＭｅＶ的质子束为激发源,利用单元四极磁透镜对带电粒子束的单向聚束本领,对超导材料样品ＣａＳｒ２Ｂｉ２Ｃｕ２Ｏ８进行了扫描ＰＩＸＥ分析,获得了其中元素Ｘ射线强度的垂向分布数据。在没有质子数数据参数的情况下,针对这种样品组成已知的特殊性,采用了内标迭代定量分析方法,获得了各元素的垂向浓度分布结果。强度和浓度数据均表明,元素Ｃａ主要分布在样品的顶部表层,证明人们关于超导材料合成过程中存在重力效应影响的推断是正确的。 相似文献
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20.
安庆月山铜钼矿床金的赋存状态与分布规律研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
应用光学显微镜、化学分析、电子探针和质子探针等多咎分析研究方法,系统地研究了安庆月山铜矿区铜牛井矿床不同类型的铜矿石中金的赋存状态。研究结果表明,金主要以独立矿物含银自然金、银金矿和自然金等赋存于石英脉型铜矿石、铜方矿化岩石型及闪长岩型铜矿石中,与之共生的矿物为同放、斑放、辉铜矿、辉钼矿和石英等;矿石中金的平均含量为0.3g/t,具有综合利用价值。金－银系列矿物中以含银自然金为主,粒度一般为0．15～0．30mm,大者0．5mm以上。金的矿化随着深度的增加而有明显的减弱趋势,同一水平面则有西低东高的趋向,但水平上的变化幅度比垂直方向小得多。这不仅为矿床伴生金的选冶工作提供了依据,而且对提高矿山经济效益及增加生产附加值．有着重要意义。 相似文献