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171.
利用通海地磁台(L=1.03)1999年SMALL磁通门磁力仪记录资料,对Pc3脉动出现率的统计结果表明,日出现频次有两个峰值,即清晨06:00-07:00LT(地方时)出现频次最高,午后14:00~15:00LT为次峰值。Pc3脉动月出现频率最高的是4月和12月,其次是8月和9月;最少的是6月和7月。按季节统计结果为春秋季出现频次最高,冬季次之,夏季最低。 相似文献
172.
173.
Predicting channel patterns 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The proposed distinction between meandering and braided river channel patterns, on the basis of bankfull specific stream power and bed material size, is analysed and rejected. Only by using regime-based estimates of channel widths (rather than actual widths) has discrimination been achieved, and it is argued that this procedure is unacceptable.An alternative is to explore the patterning processes underlying the marked pattern scatter on bankfull stream power/bed material size plots. Of the five sets of patterning processes, large-scale bedform development and stability is seen as especially important for meandering and braiding. For gravel-bed rivers, bedforms developed at around or above bankfull stage appear important for pattern generation, with braiding relating to higher excess shear stress and Froude number. There seems to be an upper threshold to both meandering and braiding which is achieved at extreme discharges and steep gradients, as on steep alluvial fans, rather than for the rivers with available flow data here considered. For sand-bed rivers with greater excess shear stress, the equivalent upper plane bed threshold may occur below bankfull, with bed material mobility and bedform modification occurring over a wider range of sub-bankfull discharges. Sand-bed channel margin outlines appear to be less perturbed by bedform effects than gravel bed planforms, and they may have naturally straight or sinuous planforms. Bedform relief may nevertheless lead to some being designated as braided when viewed at low flows.It is concluded that the use of a single-stage stream power measure and bed material size alone is unlikely to achieve meandering/braiding discrimination. 相似文献
174.
Li CHEN Qingquan LIU and Jiachun LI .. Division of Engineering Sciences Institute of Mechanics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China E-mail: qqliu@mail.imech.ac.cn 《国际泥沙研究》2001,16(4)
1 mTRODUCT1ONThe Loess Plateau in the central and westem China with an area of 430,(X)0 lQn2 is well known for itsancient cultUre and serious soil and water loss. About 287,(X)0 km2 of area in this region has an annualerosion be greatC than 1(XX) tlkIn2. The eroded soil totally amounts to more than 2.2 X l0' tons, amongwhich about l.6X 10' tons, on average, is delivered into the Yellow kiver mdeng the river one of thehighest sediment-laden rivers in the word. The serious soil erosion … 相似文献
175.
176.
氢化物发生—原子荧光光谱法测定煤样中的硒 总被引:6,自引:2,他引:6
采用氢化物发生原子荧光光谱法测定了煤样中的总Se。煤样选用高压闷罐强酸消解的方法进行处理,所得消解液经6mol/L HCl将Se(Ⅵ)还原为Se(Ⅳ),然后进行测定。标准工作曲线的线性范围为0-400μg/L Se,检测限为0.4μg/L Se。用标准参考物质煤飞灰对方法进行了验证,所得总Se含量与标准值相符,对ω为10^-6级Se的4次测定,RSD≤4.5%。 相似文献
177.
The Velenje area (almost 200 km2 with over 31,000 inhabitants) is based on the Šalek Valley, which became a leading area of industrialisation and urbanisation
after the Second World War, with consequent pollution problems. Various industrial plants polluted the river Paka while more
serious hazards arose through the coal mine which is a still causing landscape subsidence and the thermal power station in
the neighbourhood of Šoštanj which is a major source of sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxide pollution. In 1987 there was an
ecological protest which marked the beginning of a sustainable development strategy for the community. During the past decade
programmes have dealt with the degradation of air, soil and water to achieve cleaner air, a transformation in landuse and
enhancement the river's formerly weak self-purifying capabilities. This article examines the changes in the valley since the
attention of the authorities was drawn to the deterioration of living conditions. Despite the pressures of transition which
have seen unemployment rising to over ten percent, significant environmental improvements have been made and the area stands
as a model for the rest of the country.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
178.
Oren Yiftachel 《GeoJournal》2001,53(3):283-293
This paper uses a critical political-geographical perspective to account for the high centrality of power found in Israel. It suggests that the concentration of power have not been solely caused by national solidarity and integration or by metropolitan development, as commonly explained, but also by the territorial `fracturing' of the main social and ethnic groups in Israel/Palestine. This has prevented the emergence of effective pressure for regional devolution. Israel's character as a settler and settling state, and its central project of Judaizing contested territories, enabled the Israeli `ethnocracy' and its (mainly Ashkenazi and secular) elites to create a political geography of `fractured ethnic and social regions'. Dispersing minorities and legitimizing segregation and inequality, all in the name of the `national interest', achieved this. The Israeli political landscape is therefore organized as `fractured regions', each representing a distinct and interconnected, yet geographically dispersed, set of localities, and resembling a `chain of beads'. The logic of dispersal and segregation, in turn, has also influenced patterns of development and residential separation within Israel's main urban areas. Thus, ethnic and social fragmentation and conflict, and not a putative process of national or metropolitan integration, can explain much of Israel's highly centralized power structure. 相似文献
179.
This paper presents an assessment ofgeomagnetic hazard on the five largest power systemsin Canada. From east to west these are: Nova ScotiaPower, Hydro-Quebec, Ontario Hydro West System, Manitoba Hydro, and the northern B.C. Hydro system. The aim of this study was to determine howfrequently, and where in a system, largegeomagnetically induced currents (GIC) could beexpected. To do this, an analysis was made of thespectral characteristics of the magnetic fieldvariations that cause GIC, and a review was made ofpublished magnetotelluric soundings in order todetermine conductivity models for different parts ofthe country. The magnetic field spectra and theconductivity information were then used to determinethe electric fields produced during geomagneticdisturbances. A relation was determined betweenelectric field magnitudes and the magnetic activityindex, Kp so that statistics for Kp could be used todetermine the occurrence rates of large electricfields. Power system models were used to determinethe GIC produced by the `1-year' and `10-year'electric fields experienced by each power system. 相似文献
180.
Generation of Deccan Trap magmas 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Gautam Sen 《Journal of Earth System Science》2001,110(4):409-431
Deccan Trap magmas may have erupted through multiple centers, the most prominent of which may have been a shield volcano-like
structure in the Western Ghats area. The lavas are predominantly tholeiitic; alkalic mafic lavas and carbonatites are rare.
Radioisotope dating, magnetic chronology, and age constraints from paleontology indicate that although the eruption started
some 68 Ma, the bulk of lavas erupted at around 65–66 Ma. Paleomagnetic constraints indicate an uncertainty of ± 500,000 years
for peak volcanic activity at 65 m.y. in the type section of the Western Ghats. Maximum magma residence times were calculated
in this study based on growth rates of “giant plagioclase” crystals in lavas that marked the end phase of volcanic activity
of different magma chambers. These calculations suggest that the > 1.7 km thick Western Ghats section might have erupted within
a much shorter time interval of ∼ 55,000 years, implying phenomenal eruption rates that are orders of magnitude larger than
any present-day eruption rate from any tectonic environment. Other significant observations/conclusions are as follows: (1)
Deccan lavas can be grouped into stratigraphic subdivisions based on their geochemistry; (2) While some formations are relatively
uncontaminated others are strongly contaminated by the continental crust; (3) Deccan magmas were produced by 15–30% melting
of a Fe-rich lherzolitic source at ∼ 3–2 GPa; (4) Parent magmas of the relatively uncontaminated Ambenali formation had a
primitive composition with 16%MgO, 47%SiO2; (5) Deccan magmas were generated much deeper and by significantly more melting than other continental flood basalt provinces;
(6) The erupted Deccan tholeiitic lavas underwent fractionation and magma mixing at ∼ 0.2 GPa. The composition and origin
of the crust and crust/mantle boundary beneath the Deccan are discussed with respect to the influence of Deccan magmatic episode. 相似文献