排序方式： 共有71条查询结果，搜索用时 15 毫秒
41.
Predicting soil erosion hazard in Lattakia Governorate(W Syria) 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Mohammed Safwan Khallouf Alaa Alshiehabi Omran Bao Pham Quoc Thi Thuy Linh Nguyen Nam Thai Van Tran Anh Duong Harsányi Endre 《国际泥沙研究》2021,36(2):207-220
The main objective of this study is to predict soil erosion in the Lattakia Governorate(WSyria)using the Water Erosion Prediction Project model(WEPP)and to compare the result with that of the RUSLE.Field survey and data collection were carried out,and 44 soil samples were analyzed.In addition,all the necessary input files were prepared for use in the WEPP model and RUSLE.Results show that more than of 80%of the locations studied experience slight to moderate erosion(less than 5 t/ha/y),whereas the rest of the locations experience severe soil erosion hazard.Moreover,the volume of runoff estimated by the WEPP model is in the range of 51e321 mm,and the R^2 between the simulated soil erosion and the predicted runoff reached 0.68.Interestingly,the R^2 between the WEPP model and RUSLE is 0.56,which indicates a good correlation between the two models. 相似文献
42.
Javed Mallick Yasser Alashker Shams Al-Deen Mohammad Mohd Ahmed Mohd Abul Hasan 《国际地球制图》2013,28(8):915-940
Soil erosion is the most important factor in land degradation and influences desertification in semi-arid areas. A comprehensive methodology that integrates revised universal soil loss equation (RUSLE) model and GIS was adopted to determine the soil erosion risk (SER) in semi-arid Aseer region, Saudi Arabia. Geoenvironmental factors viz. rainfall (R), soil erodibility (K), slope (LS), cover management and practice factors were computed to determine their effects on average annual soil loss. The high potential soil erosion, resulting from high denuded slope, devoid of vegetation cover and high intensity rainfall, is located towards the north western part of the study area. The analysis is investigated that the SER over the vegetation cover including dense vegetation, sparse vegetation and bushes increases with the higher altitude and higher slope angle. The erosion maps generated with RUSLE integrated with GIS can serve as effective inputs in deriving strategies for land planning/management in the environmentally sensitive mountainous areas. 相似文献
43.
水土流失是当今全球性的环境问题。衡阳盆地地处我国南方低山丘陵区,在湖南省的社会经济发展中有着重要的作用,开展对该地区的水土流失专门研究具有重要的实践意义。文章收集了衡阳盆地2000、2008年的Landsat影像数据、1959―2008年的降水数据、1﹕250 000 DEM数据和衡阳土壤分类图等研究资料,以RUSLE方程（通用土壤侵蚀方程）为基本方法,参考近年来国内关于该方程参数的计算方法,通过ArcGIS 9.2软件计算了衡阳盆地2000、2008年的土壤侵蚀量。在此基础上,将衡阳盆地的水土流失划分为微度、轻度、中度、强度和极强度侵蚀5个等级。结果表明：城镇与大型工程建设造成地表植被破坏是造成本地区水土流失的主要原因。近年来,衡阳盆地的土壤侵蚀状况总体好转,但仍然需要加强生态环境建设和水土流失治理。 相似文献
44.
The sediment delivery processes occurring in a small Sicilian basin are modelled using the spatially distributed SEDD model recently proposed by Ferro and Minacapilli. The model is applied by using soil data (grain-size distribution, organic matter content, etc.) of 129 samples uniformly distributed over the study area and compiling the available information (topographic map, soil data, etc.) into a Geographical Information System. Finally, the predictive capability of the distributed sediment delivery approach is tested experimentally using the caesium-137 measurement technique. The comparison between calculated sediment yield and the corresponding measured caesium-137 loss is used to validate the SEDD model at the scale of both the single morphological unit and the entire basin. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
45.
Soil erosion risk scenarios in the Mediterranean environment using RUSLE and GIS: An application model for Calabria (southern Italy) 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
Soil erosion by water (WSE) has become a relevant issue at the Mediterranean level. In particular, natural conditions and human impact have made the Calabria (southern Italy) particularly prone to intense WSE. The purpose of this investigation is to identify areas highly affected by WSE in Calabria by comparing the scenarios obtained by assuming control and preventive measures and actions, as well as actual conditions generated by forest fires, also in the presence of conditions of maximum rainfall erosion.Geographic Information System techniques have been adopted to treat data of reasonable spatial resolution obtained at a regional scale for application to the RUSLE model. This work is based on the comparison of such data with a basic scenario that has been defined by the present situation (present scenario). In this scenario: (i) R has been assessed by means of an experimental relation adjusted to Calabria on the basis of 5-min observations; (ii) K has been drawn from the soil map of Calabria including 160 soilscapes; (iii) LS has been estimated according to the RUSLE2 model by using (among other subfactors) a 40-m square cell DTM; (iv) C has been derived by processing the data inferred from the project Corine Land Cover, whose legend includes 35 different land uses on three levels; and (v) P has been hypothesized as equal to 1.For the remaining three hypothesized scenarios, the RUSLE factors have been adjusted according to experimental data and to data in the literature. In particular, forest areas subject to fire have been randomly generated as far as fire location, extension, structure, and intensity are concerned.The values obtained by the application of the RUSLE model have emphasized that land management by means of measures and actions for reducing WSE causes a notable reduction of the erosive rate decreasing from ~30 to 12.3 Mg ha− 1 y− 1. On the other hand, variations induced by hypothetical wildfires in forests on 10% of the regional territory bring WSE over the whole region to values varying from 30 to 116 Mg ha− 1 y− 1.This study can be offered to territorial planning authorities as an evaluation instrument as it highlights the merits and limitations of some territorial management actions. In fact, in Calabria no observations exist concerning the implications of these actions. 相似文献
46.
陕西省渭北矿区地处黄土高原,受到自然环境和煤炭开采等人类活动的双重影响,该地区土壤侵蚀更为严重,生态环境更加脆弱。以渭北矿区为研究对象,基于RUSLE模型对渭北矿区土壤侵蚀进行了评估,并综合植被覆盖度、多年平均降水量、坡度、土地利用类型和煤炭年产量等影响因子,应用地理探测器方法对渭北矿区土壤侵蚀进行定量归因。研究结果对矿区水土流失防治具有一定参考价值。结果表明：（1）渭北矿区土壤侵蚀以微度和轻度侵蚀为主,土壤侵蚀严重的区域主要位于研究区西南部、中部和东南部。（2）植被覆盖度和多年平均降水量是造成研究区土壤侵蚀的主导因子,坡度介于20°~25°的地区、植被覆盖度小于0.3的区域和裸地是发生土壤侵蚀的高风险区。（3）渭北矿区各因子协同作用对土壤侵蚀的解释力均大于单因子解释力,因此多个因子共同作用会对土壤侵蚀造成显著影响。 相似文献
47.
Soil erosion poses a great threat to the sustainability of the ecological environment and the harmonious development of human well-being. The revised universal soil loss equation (RUSLE) was used to quantify soil erosion in the Three-River Headwaters region (TRH), Qinghai, China from 2000 to 2015. The possible effects of an ecosystem restoration project on soil erosion were explored against the background of climatic changes in the study area. The model was validated with on-ground observations and showed a satisfactory performance, with a multiple correlation coefficient of 0.62 from the linear regression between the estimations and observations. The soil erosion modulus in 2010-2015 increased 6.2%, but decreased 1.2% compared with those in the periods of 2000-2005 and 2005-2010, respectively. Based on the method of overlay analysis, the interannual change of the estimated soil erosion was dominated by climate (about 64%), specifically by precipitation, rather than by vegetation coverage (about 34%). Despite some uncertainties in the model and data, this study quantified the relative contribution of ecological restoration under global climatic change; meanwhile the complexity, labor-intensiveness and long-range character of ecological restoration projects have to be recognized. On-ground observations over the long-term, further parameterization, and data inputs with higher quality are necessary and essential for decreasing the uncertainties in the estimations. 相似文献
48.
基于RS/GIS和RUSLE的流域土壤侵蚀定量研究——以福建省吉溪流域为例 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
借用地理信息系统(GIS)和遥感(ERDAS)技术,以修正的通用水土流失方程(RUSLE)为核心,根据吉溪流域2001年和2003年的遥感影像解译数据和统计资料得到地貌、降雨量、植被等资料,量化流域土壤侵蚀评价因子,对吉溪流域土壤侵蚀进行了定量化分析.结果表明,吉溪流域年均土壤侵蚀模数为2 339.21t/km2,侵蚀强度属轻度,2003年较2001年土壤侵蚀有所改善,中度侵蚀及其以上等级的土壤侵蚀量分别占总侵蚀量的48.71%和77.51%.最后确定流域土壤侵蚀重点治理的区域和流域最佳管理措施(BMPS),为吉溪流域水土保持和水环境保护研究工作提供科学依据. 相似文献
49.
近30年来密云水库上游水土流失动态监测 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
使用修正的通用土壤流失方程RUSLE,综合考虑降雨、土壤可蚀性、地形、土地覆盖和水土保持措施等因素,计算得密云水库上游地区1990年、2000年和2008年3期的土壤侵蚀数据,并对土壤侵蚀变化结果及其原因进行分析,发现：①研究区近20年水土流失状况经历由加剧到减轻的过程,但总体来说是减轻的,1990～2008年减轻区面积和加剧区面积分别为3083．11km。和2287．71km2;②研究区水土流失变化的原因主要为以土地利用类型变化为特征的人为因素,降雨也有影响,而与坡度没有关系。 相似文献
50.