4350–3130 Ma detrital zircons in the Southern Cross Granite‐Greenstone Terrane,Western Australia: Implications for the early evolution of the Yilgarn Craton     

S. Wyche  D. R. Nelson  A. Riganti 《Australian Journal of Earth Sciences》2013,60(1):31-45

SHRIMP U–Pb zircon analysis indicates that detrital zircons from extensive quartzite units in the Southern Cross Granite‐Greenstone Terrane of the central Yilgarn Craton have ages ranging from ca 4350 Ma to ca 3130 Ma. Regional mapping studies indicate that the quartzites lie at the stratigraphic base of the exposed succession. The detrital zircon age profiles of the Southern Cross Granite‐Greenstone Terrane quartzites are remarkably similar to those of quartzites in the Narryer and South West Terranes, in the northwest and southwest of the Yilgarn Craton respectively, and are significantly older than any igneous rocks that have been dated anywhere in the Yilgarn Craton other than the Narryer Terrane. Similar detrital‐zircon‐bearing quartzites have not been identified in the Murchison Granite‐Greenstone Terrane. These age profiles suggest that the quartzites have a common depositional history. Granites in the central Yilgarn Craton are mainly younger than ca 2750 Ma and contain rare xenocrystic zircons older than 3100 Ma. If the central and western Yilgarn quartzites were all deposited at approximately the same time, the lack of preserved continental crust in the Southern Cross and Murchison Granite‐Greenstone Terranes, and the South West Terrane, that is older than 3100 Ma, suggests that pre‐3100 Ma Narryer‐like continental crust may have been rifted or extensively reworked during deposition of greenstone successions between ca 3000 and ca 2700 Ma. If not, then a ca 4350 Ma detrital zircon in the Southern Cross Granite‐Greenstone Terrane indicates more widespread, very old, continental crust than has previously been identified.  相似文献   

Advances in Studying the Sea-Air Dimethysulphide Exchange Process in the Southern Ocean     

Zhang Miming  Chen Liqi  Wang Jianjun 《地球科学进展》2013,28(9):1015-1024

Dimethylsulphide (DMS) is an important marine biogenic gas and can be released into atmosphere through sea air gas exchange. The oxidants of DMS in atmosphere are the main compounds of pristine marine sulphate aerosols and would affect the global climate change finally. Almost all the atmospheric DMS, about 90%, comes from the ocean. The southern ocean, which consists about 20% of the whole ocean area, is one of the largest atmospheric DMS sources. In contrast with the other oceans, the Southern Ocean appears great spatial and temporal variability of surface seawater DMS. In addition, there are the complex hydrography system, variable sea ice condition and various biologic activities in the Southern Ocean as to make survey and understand DMS as well as its controlling factors most difficult. Moreover, it is significant to integrate the DMS sea ice exchange processes and its controlling factors studies. In order to develop survey and research on the sea air DMS exchange and biogeochemistry processes, estimate methods of the sea air DMS fluxes will be reviewed, characteristics of the spatial and temporal distribution of surface seawater DMS will be discussed and the sea air DMS flux in the Southern Ocean will be assessed. Finally, major controlling factors of DMS sea air DMS processes will also be analyzed.  相似文献   

New records of temperate mollusks in two Late Pleistocene terrestrial localities from northeastern Oaxaca,Southern Mexico     

《Journal of South American Earth Sciences》2013

The Mixteca Alta Oaxaqueña is in the state of Oaxaca, southern Mexico. This region is characterized by numerous Pleistocene fossiliferous localities. The objective of this study is to describe a diverse assemblage of Late Pleistocene freshwater and terrestrial mollusks in two localities from northeastern Oaxaca, Coixtlahuaca District. We identified 10 taxa of gastropods and one of bivalves. By the sedimentological characteristics and the mollusks assemblage, it is possible to relate the first locality with meandriform river deposits, without vegetation. The second locality was associated with a floodplain with short-lived associated vegetation. Five identified species constitute the most austral records of these taxa in Neartic Realm. In all the taxa, the Late Pleistocene occurrences constitute the last records of the identified mollusks in the study zone.  相似文献   

Magnetotellurics applied to the study of the crustal structures in Senegal (West Africa)     

Michel Ritz  Yves Bellion  Bernard Robineau 《Geodinamica Acta》2013,26(3):141-146

Abstract

In Senegal, magnetotellurie (MT) method has been used in an attempt to resolve the principal structural features by their electrical response. On the basis of numerical modelling of data, an unified model of possible crustal structure is presented for the West african margin. The results are in agreement with other independent geophysical and geological information.  相似文献   

黔南坳陷油苗来源:碳、硫同位素及生物标志物证据   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

贺训云  蔡春芳  姚根顺  熊湘华  沈安江  向雷  吴敬武 《岩石学报》2013,29(3):1059-1072

为明确黔南坳陷不同层位油苗来源,在广泛采集不同层位烃源岩、油苗样品的基础上,采用GC、GC-MS及GC-IRMS等方法对其碳、硫同位素及生物标志物特征进行系统分析,进而开展了油源对比.结果表明:油苗的δ13C值为-33.04‰～-31.63‰,平均-32.26‰(n=18);δ34S值为+16.06‰～+23.06‰,平均+18.99‰(n=4);油苗遭受不同程度生物降解,常规甾、萜烷面貌特征差异较大,但普遍含有较丰富的三环萜烷、伽玛蜡烷、三芳甾烷、芳基类异戊二烯烃、惹烯和硫芴;C25三环萜烷/C24四环萜烷值、二苯并噻吩/菲与Pr/Ph相关图表明油苗为典型海相原油;Ts/(Ts +Tm)、C29甾烷20S/(20S+ 20R)及甲基菲指数等均表明油苗为成熟-高熟原油.研究区下寒武统牛蹄塘组黑色泥岩干酪根δ13C值为-35.79‰～-29.88‰,平均-32.85‰(n=35),与油苗相关性良好,而泥盆系、石炭系和二叠系烃源岩δ13C值显著偏重,均大于-29‰;下寒武统牛蹄塘组黑色泥岩干酪根δ34S值为+ 14.78‰～+ 17.60‰,平均+16.32‰(n=4),与油苗具有很好的可比性,而下、中泥盆统黑色泥岩干酪根δ34S值分别为-9.10‰～-6.78‰和+0.63‰～ +7.93‰,二叠系煤系地层有机质δ34S值为-7.40‰～+4.00‰,均显著偏轻.此外,下寒武统黑色泥岩普遍含有较丰富的伽玛蜡烷、三芳甾烷、芳基类异戊二烯烃和惹烯,三芴系列中硫芴含量极高,其它几套黑色泥岩则不合或贫含三芳甾烷和惹烯,伽玛蜡烷和硫芴含量亦较低.综合认为油苗具相同来源,且均与研究区下寒武统黑色泥岩具有较好亲缘关系.  相似文献   

中国阿尔泰造山带南缘额尔齐斯断裂带的构造变形及意义   总被引：6，自引：4，他引：2  

刘飞  王镇远  林伟  陈科  姜琳  王清晨 《岩石学报》2013,29(5):1811-1824

额尔齐斯断裂是中亚造山带中的一条重要深大断裂,对于额尔齐斯断裂运动性质一直有着走滑断层、逆冲断层和压扭性断层等不同看法.本文在中国阿尔泰造山带南缘开展了详细的构造地质学工作,研究结果表明,额尔齐斯断裂及其次级断裂组成额尔齐斯断裂带.额尔齐斯断裂带在中国境内是一条宽约20 ～ 40km,长约400km,经受不同程度构造作用的强应变带,剪切作用影响范围遍布整个中国阿尔泰造山带南缘.额尔齐斯断裂带经历了左行走滑和右行走滑两个阶段.结合前人有关韧性剪切带成因型金矿、同构造岩体侵位与变形关系及对变质岩石40Ar/39Ar年代学研究,本文认为额尔齐斯断裂带的左行走滑构造形成于早二叠世(283～275Ma).早二叠世之后,额尔齐斯断裂带叠加了右行走滑事件,其活动时限可能为晚二叠世(260 ～ 245 Ma),其规模远远小于前期的左行走滑构造.额尔齐斯断裂带走滑活动性质的确定,为二叠纪北疆及整个中亚造山带造山后调整过程中不同的构造方式提供了佐证.  相似文献   

藏南马扎拉金锑矿床成矿流体地球化学和成矿机制   总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2  

莫儒伟  孙晓明  翟伟  周峰  梁业恒 《岩石学报》2013,29(4):1427-1438

马扎拉是藏南金锑成矿带内最具有代表性的金-锑矿床.为了更直接地了解该矿床的流体物理化学特征,探讨成矿流体来源、成矿机制及其矿床类型,本文对该矿床中主要载金矿物辉锑矿及石英中的流体包裹体进行了显微测温研究.流体包裹体岩相学观察表明,辉锑矿及石英具有近乎相同的4类流体包裹体类型:富液两相水溶液包裹体、三相CO2-H2O包裹体、纯CO2包裹体和纯H2O包裹体.红外显微测温结果显示,辉锑矿中流体包裹体均一温度(Th)峰值为180 ～ 210℃,盐度峰值介于2.5％～3.4％ NaCleqv,密度峰值在0.895～0.915g/cm3之间.石英中流体包裹体Th、盐度及密度均具有三个明显峰值,Th为270～300℃、225～255℃和180～ 210℃,盐度为4.3％～4.9％ NaCleqv,3.4％ ～4.0％NaCleqv和2.8％ ～ 3.4％NaCleqv,密度为0.895 ～0.915g/cm3、0.835～0.855g/cm3和0.775～0.795g/cm3.对比辉锑矿和石英中流体包裹体测温结果可见,辉锑矿中流体包裹体Th和盐度比石英偏低,而密度较石英偏高,表明含金石英可能先于辉锑矿从成矿流体中沉淀,且辉锑矿大量沉淀成矿时可能不断有较低温、低盐度和较高密度流体混入.辉锑矿及石英中流体包裹体水的δDH2o为-68.1‰～-108‰,δ18OH2o为-2.2‰ ～ 12.2‰,在δD-δ18O投影图上主要位于变质水附近,个别样品靠近大气降水,表明成矿流体为变质水与大气降水的混合.石英中流体包裹体的δ13C为-2.9‰～-3.5‰,平均值为-3.1‰,落入幔源碳同位素组成范围(δ13C=-5‰～-2‰)之内,说明CO2可能主要为幔源,而辉锑矿中流体包裹体的δ13C为-12.6‰,明显小于幔源碳同位素组成,说明在辉锑矿成矿过程中可能有少量地层有机碳加入.马扎拉金锑矿床成矿流体具有富含CO2、低盐度、低密度和中低温度的特征,与造山型金矿成矿流体相似.地质和地球化学特征显示马扎拉金锑矿床为喜马拉雅期陆陆碰撞造山型金锑矿.  相似文献   

华北陆块南缘崤山地区燕山期花岗岩类地球化学、Sr-Nd-Pb同位素特征及其地质意义   总被引：6，自引：2，他引：4  

李磊  孙卫志  孟宪锋  杨小芬  张灯堂  冯建之 《岩石学报》2013,29(8):2635-2652

华北陆块南缘的崤山地区,呈北东向分布着龙卧沟、后河、白石崖等燕山期花岗岩体,岩石类型以二长花岗斑岩为主.主量元素、微量元素和Sr-Nd-Pb同位素地球化学研究表明,崤山地区燕山期花岗岩类总体成分呈酸性,岩石主要属于高钾-钾玄质系列;它们具有相似的微量元素(含稀土元素)组成模式,LREE、HREE分馏明显,(La/Yb)N=9.52 ～41.21,平均26.16,Eu异常不明显(δEu =0.82～1.35),大部分岩体呈现出微弱的负Eu异常,少部分样品显示出微弱的正异常;富集Rb、Ba、Th、K、Pb、Hf和Y等元素,亏损Ta、Nb、Zr、P和Ti等元素,岩体高Sr(392.8×10-6～916.9×10-6,平均678.8×10-6),低Y (8.12×10-6～21.34×10-6,平均14.86×10-6)和Yb(0.503×10-6～1.756×10-6,平均1.26×10-6),暗示源区有石榴石残留.岩体的锶同位素初始比值Isr=0.70645 ～0.71022,平均0.70828,εNd(t)=-19.7～-3.4,平均-14.6,二阶段Nd模式年龄t2DM集中在1827 ～2372Ma,具有高放射成因铅同位素组成特征,初始铅同位素比值为:206pb/204pb=17.228 ～ 18.720,平均17.905;207pb/204Pb=15.444 ～ 15.656,平均15.544,208pb/204Pb =37.519 ～38.707,平均38.187.元素和同位素地球化学特征表明崤山地区燕山期花岗岩类是华北陆块南缘加厚地壳底部熔融的产物,源岩以南秦岭结晶基底为主,同时有华北陆块的太华群、熊耳群及幔源物质的混入.岩体是扬子板块携秦岭微板块俯冲到华北板块之下,随着区域构造体制由挤压向伸展转换,岩石圈巨量减薄、软流圈上涌底侵上覆岩石圈,加热加厚地壳熔融形成,表明南秦岭板块的结晶基底在拆离式俯冲的作用下向北已楔入崤山地区结晶基底之下,而崤山北麓可能是其在东秦岭的北界.  相似文献   

东非裂谷Tanganyika地堑石油地质特征和勘探潜力分析   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0       下载免费PDF全文

赵伟  韩文明  胡滨 《中国地质调查》2016,3(1):14-19

随着东非裂谷乌干达区块的勘探获得重大突破,与之石油地质条件相似的Tanganyika地堑的勘探潜力受到了人们的重视。Tanganyika地堑地处东非,属于东非裂谷西支的中段,是典型陆内裂谷盆地,主要沉积中新世以来的地层,现仍大部分被湖水覆盖,湖盆水体较深。盆地整体分为2个次盆,呈三隆夹两凹的构造格局。盆地目前勘探程度较低,根据现有资料推测,盆地地层埋深较大,深洼区中新统地层发育成熟烃源岩,具有较大的生烃潜力和生烃规模; 陆内盆地物源相对充足,储盖组合条件较好; 应力复杂,能够形成大量多种类型构造及构造-地层圈闭; 各种成藏条件匹配关系较好,有利于油气聚集成藏。综合分析认为,盆地具有较大勘探潜力,其中盆地转换带是最有利的油气勘探区。  相似文献   

Phytoplankton abundance and community structure in the Antarctic polar frontal region during austral summer of 2009     

SHRAMIK Patil  RAHUL Mohan  SUHAS Shetye  SAHINA Gazi 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2013,31(1):21-30

The Antarctic polar front region in the Southern Ocean is known to be most productive. We studied the phytoplankton community structure in the Indian sector at this frontal location during late austral summer (February, 2009) onboard R/V Akademic Boris Petrov. We used the phytoplankton and microheterotrophs abundance, as also the associated physico-chemical parameters to explain the low phytoplankton abundance in the study region. This study emphasizes the shift of phytoplankton, from large (>10 μm) to small (<10 μm) size. The phytoplankton abundance appears to be controlled by physical parameters and by nutrient concentrations and also by the microheterotrophs (ciliates and dinoflagellates) which exert a strong grazing pressure. This probably reduces small (<10 μm) and large (>10 μm) phytoplankton abundance during the late austral summer. This study highlights the highly productive polar front nevertheless becomes a region of low phytoplankton abundance, due to community shifts towards pico-phytoplankton (<10 μm) during late austral summer.  相似文献