Spatio-temporal dynamics of regulating ecosystem services in Europe – The role of past and future land use change     

《Applied geography (Sevenoaks, England)》2015

Land use is a main driver for changes in supply and demand of regulating ecosystem services (ES). Most current ES inventories are static and do not address dynamics of ES supply resulting from historic and future land use change. This paper analyzes the role of land use change for the supply of two regulating services, flood regulation and climate regulation, in the European Union (EU) for the period between 1900 and 2000 as well as for four plausible scenarios of future land use change up to 2040. We show that spatio-temporal dynamics of climate regulation are high during this time period, and that future levels of climate regulation are higher than 100 years ago. For flood regulation, we show that increases in the demand over the past century, which are continued in the future scenarios, are the main contributor for spatial mismatches of supply and demand. Our results indicate that, in spite of land use change, the overall supply of the two regulating services is expected to be moderately stable, or to even increase in the coming decades. At the same time, demands for these services are rapidly increasing, and it is unlikely that projected supply is sufficient to meet these demands. The results also indicate that land use allocation that favors the supply of regulating services can be seen as a nature-based solution in which potentials for synergies between multiple ES can be operationalized.  相似文献   

兰坪金顶跑马坪矿段水文地质特征     

李赛  刘宇成  吴万红 《云南地质》2011,30(4):490-493

对跑马坪矿段地质、水文地质条件的调查,划分水文地质单元,对比矿段开采前后水文地质条件的变化、矿段涌水量与大气降水的关系等,分析矿段地下水水文地质特征。  相似文献   

移动智能终端在输电网三维设计中的应用与设计研究     

陈显龙  孙敏杰  陈晓龙  贺志刚 《测绘软科学研究》2013,(6):89-94

针对当前输电网设计中数据处理自动化及共享程度较低,对野外数据采集不能及时录入,整体设计工作模式落后等问题,结合输电网设计业务分析研究了电网移动三维智能设计技术,提出了满足电网设计业务需求的移动智能终端功能特性。明确了移动终端在电网设计中的四大应用即：输电网设计基础数据采集、智能选线及线路验证、二三维一体化数据展现及成果输出、电网建设集成管理。通过将移动智能终端与三维智能设计技术相结合的方法可实现高效的数据采集和资源整合。为整个输电网设计业务提供了更加智能、科学的决策。  相似文献   

Assessing regional virtual water flows and water footprints in the Yellow River Basin, China: A consumption based approach   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Kuishuang Feng  Yim Ling Siu  Dabo GuanKlaus Hubacek 《Applied geography (Sevenoaks, England)》2012,32(2):691-701

The Yellow River, the second longest river in China, is facing increasing water scarcity due to rising water consumption of a fast growing economy and an increasingly urbanized population with water-intensive consumption patterns. The Yellow River Basin (YRB) is divided into three regions: the upper, middle and lower reaches; each with very different characteristics in terms of water resources, economic structure and household income and consumption patterns. Virtual water has been recognised as a potentially useful concept for redistributing water from water-rich to water-poor regions. In this study, we develop a Multi-Regional Input-Output model (MRIO) to assess the regional virtual water flows between the three reaches of the basin and the rest of China distinguishing green and blue water, as well as rural and urban household water footprints. Results show that all three reaches are net virtual water exporter, i.e. production and consumption activities outside the basin also put pressure on the water resources in the YRB. The results suggest a reduction of the export of virtual blue water that could instead be used for producing higher value added but lower water-intensive goods. In particular, the lower reach as the most water scarce region in the basin should increase the import of water intensive goods, such as irrigated crops and processed food products, from other more water abundant regions such as the South of China. Thus, trading virtual water can help sustain the economic growth of the regions within the basin thus easing the pressure from water shortage. In addition, there is a huge gap between urban and rural household water footprints in the basin. The average urban household’s water footprint is more than double the water footprint of a rural household in the basin. This is due to the higher urban household consumption of water-intensive goods and services, such as processed food products, wearing apparel and footwear, hotel and catering services and electricity.  相似文献   

40～30 ka BP期间高湖面稳定存在时青藏高原西南部封闭流域的古降水量研究   总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10  

贾玉连  施雅风  曹建廷  范云崎 《地球科学进展》2001,16(3):346-351

依据封闭流域全流域水量平衡模式，模拟了青藏高原西南部3个封闭流域在40～30 ka BP期间，高湖面稳定存在时期的古水量平衡，重建了各流域的古降水量。结果表明色林错－纳木错流域、扎布耶－拉果错流域、扎仓茶卡－别苦则错流域当时的降水量分别约为585±25 mm、565±25 mm、475±25 mm，相当于现在降水量的1.7、3.1、4.8倍。  相似文献   

LN-GDXT-Ⅱ型直流稳压电源     

孟繁强  孙宏志  吴野  张啸  马莉 《东北地震研究》2001,17(3):77-80

LN－GDXT－Ⅱ型直流稳压电源是一种比较适合于数字遥测地震台和数字地震台工作环境的在线式不间断电源。介绍了LN－GDXT－Ⅱ型直流稳压电源的工作原理，技术性能指标仪器测试及推广应用。  相似文献   

中国食物问题及其对策初探     

曾尊固 《云南地理环境研究》1989,1(2):18-26

经过十年改革,我国的食物生产有了明显增长,人民的营养水平得到较大提高。但是人均占有土地继续减少和人民消费需求不断增长的趋势,使我国的食物供应面临严峻的挑战。本文从确立适合国情的食物消费结构、扩大食物生产的途径以及合理组织食物贸易三个方面探讨了应该采取的主要对策。  相似文献   

加强农村供水建设促进水资源可持续利用     

刘俊龙  吴洪涛  宗岳  李振清 《地下水》2005,27(4):291-292,295

建设农村供水工程,配置恒压变频设备,实行一户一表、以量计征的管理办法是降低耗能和取水成本,提高供水标准,增强群众节水意识的有效措施.介绍了沧州市农村供水现状及存在问题,提出了解决措施.  相似文献   

滇东岩溶区表层岩溶水源地特征及其开发利用   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

彭淑惠  李继红 《云南地质》2006,25(2):249-255

表层岩溶水源地是解决分散农村生活用水困难的重要水源，而且分布广泛，水质较好。但水源地含水介质的富水性不均匀，岩溶水动态变幅大，脆弱性突出，易受污染和生态环境变化的影响。由此，表层岩溶水源地生态环境建设及保护尤为重要。表层泉以池、管调蓄系统开发最为有效。表层富水块段适宜打浅井开发，建设庭院式供水工程。采用地质雷达验证地质认识，确定井位，是经济有效的技术手段。  相似文献   

九江地震台观测井水氢氧同位素特征及意义     

鲍志诚  高小其  张磊  赵影  查小惠  向阳  蒋雨函 《中国地震》2019,35(3):499-508

在地震地下流体观测研究中,基于氢氧同位素示踪技术研究地下水补给源及循环过程是常用的技术方法之一。本文给出了九江地震台2号观测井水、大气降水、周边水库水及高山泉水等样品的氢氧同位素测定结果,表明地下水δ~(18)O测值介于-7.59‰～-6.09‰,平均值-6.99‰,δD测值介于-45.22‰～-39.69‰,平均值-42.32‰,变异异数分别为0.09、0.16;大气降水δ~(18)O测值介于-13.00‰～-1.27‰,平均值-4.74‰,δD测值介于-96.13‰～-4.74‰,平均值-46.87‰,变异异数分别为0.40、0.56,与降水相比,地下水氢氧同位素变化更为稳定。大气降水氢氧同位素2017年5～10月表现为明显的降水效应,2018年11～4月表现为明显的温度效应,而地下水氢氧同位素并未表现出明显的降水效应和温度效应。氢氧同位素及过量氘揭示地下水在下渗补给前经历了明显的蒸发分馏作用,并与围岩进行~(18)O交换,δ~(18)O与δD计算得出的补给高程分别约为647、440m。九江台观测井的观测层地下水为大气降水成因的构造裂隙水,属于大气成因型且循环过程为较稳定的裂隙水补给并形成承压自流井。  相似文献