广州市人居环境可持续发展水平综合评价   总被引：23，自引：0，他引：23  

叶长盛  董玉祥 《热带地理》2003,23(1):59-61,66

在探讨人居环境与可持续发展关系的基础上,从居住条件、城市生态环境、公共服务基础设施和可持续性4个方面构建了广州市人居环境可持续发展的评价指标体系,并采用简单算术平均方法计算出近11年广州市人居环境的各指标及其可持续发展水平评价分值,对广州市人居环境可持续发展现状及其与经济发展之间的关系进行了定量评价.结果表明,广州市人居环境正朝着可持续方向发展,与经济发展的阶段基本一致,但滞后于经济发展.  相似文献   

全球变化研究与人地关系地域系统研究的统一   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

王丽  王建力 《热带地理》2004,24(4):301-305

一方面当今的全球变化给人类社会的发展带来深刻的影响,另一方面人类对地球的自然过程干扰越来越大,现阶段的全球变化研究的重点是人地关系地域表层系统.文中分别从两者的内涵、哲学基础、演化机制、研究的目标和研究维度等方面论述了全球变化研究和地域表层系统研究的统一,即统一于地球系统科学;同时也指出了两者之间的差异,人地关系地域表层系统研究是全球变化研究的一部分,是其研究的重点.  相似文献   

关于西南岩溶山区生态建设的一些讨论—－以贵州省为例   总被引：12，自引：4，他引：8  

李阳兵  王世杰  李瑞玲  容丽 《中国岩溶》2004,23(1):20-24

在分析20世纪90年代以来南方岩溶山区生态退化和重建研究实践方面的薄弱环节及国外岩溶区生态建设经验的基础上,对岩溶山区生态建设的特殊性进行了重新认识。指出岩溶山地的生态环境建设必须是一种经济建设,石漠化综合治理模式必须由扶贫型向质量型转变,由单一坡改梯向多途径特色农业转变,由防护型向开发型转变,由政府主导向参与式转变。在恢复和治理生态的前提下调整农业内部结构,发展特色产业,将环境资源转化为有形商业产品,形成生态环境外部经济效益良性循环的机制,以中止岩溶脆弱生态背景上土地退化的恶性循环。   相似文献   

Is there the will to manage fisheries at a local level in the European Union? A case study from Shetland     

Kevin Crean  Steve J. Wisher 《Marine Policy》2000,24(6)

The failure of the command and control approach to fisheries management has encouraged governments to look for new ways of balancing the requirement to conserve fish stocks and yet maintain a flow of benefits that will meet economic and social targets. In the quest to establish a system for sustaining production in the Common Pond, the European Union (EU) has begun to investigate alternatives to the current management system. This research paper examines the problems associated with the current management regime operating in the EU in the light of alternatives for managing the fisheries. The research seeks to establish whether, given the serious problems confronting the EU's fishing industries, fishermen would be prepared to accept change and offer their ideas and support to develop an alternative management system. The research draws on the opinions of fishermen from Shetland and discusses the findings gained from interviewing key informants in conjunction with the results of an opinion survey of skippers and boat owners.  相似文献   

我国沿海地区城市群可持续发展问题探析--以山东半岛城市群为例   总被引：11，自引：2，他引：9  

盖文启 《地理科学》2000,20(3):274-278

提出我国沿海地区城市群在实现可持续发展过程中所面临的问题,并以山东半岛城市群为例,从地区的经济结构、生态环境、资源利用、基础设施等方面,分析制约其可持续发展的因子,最后提出了几点看法,建议。  相似文献   

东北区煤矿城市可持续发展问题探讨   总被引：9，自引：2，他引：7  

蒋建权  马延吉  佟连军 《地理科学》2000,20(3):241-245

东北区煤矿城市众多,其经济和环境可持续发展面临危机。分析了东北区煤矿城市的现状和特点,指出其困境在于经济效益低下、生态环境恶化、基础设施落后和产业结构不合理等,从全社会宏观背景、具体城市区域和煤炭估选企业本身三以次深入探讨困境产生的原因,最后提出煤矿城市可持续发展战略的５项建议,并指出其中关键是产业结构调整和生态环境整治。  相似文献   

土壤环境变化与可持续发展   总被引：12，自引：3，他引：9  

龚子同  陈鸿昭  刘良梧  骆国保 《地理科学》2000,20(6):517-522

土壤环境的变化在短时间内是缓慢且不易察觉的,但是在地球历史的演化中,它留下了一丝丝印迹,这就是古土壤,它包含了当时环境的大量依据,是５大成土因素的综合产物,当人类出现后,尤其是近百年来在复杂的自然因素上又叠加了人为作用,并且这种作用的强度与日俱增,当它对土壤的影响超过其它作用后,例形成人为土壤,同时,也可能引起土壤退化和土壤污染,这些变化同全球变化和社会持续发展密切相关。  相似文献   

灾区恢复重建后效评估研究进展          下载免费PDF全文

赵亮  何凡能  杨帆 《干旱区地理》2020,43(5):1337-1347

随着全球变化加剧,世界各地自然灾害的频发,国际社会为应对自然灾害进行了不懈努 力,历届世界减灾大会不断强调对应急管理全流程的研究,恢复重建作为应急管理的重要环节而 得到广泛重视。积极开展灾区恢复重建后效评估有利于保障灾区恢复重建实施与区域可持续发 展。灾区恢复重建后效评估研究时间较短,首先比较分析了国内外恢复重建的内涵,明确了恢复 重建后效评估的基本概念,并梳理了灾区恢复重建后效评估的在中国的发展演变。由于灾区恢复 重建内容复杂多样,本文结合灾区恢复重建后效评估的发展历程、研究范围与关注时段,分别从项 目、要素与可持续性三个关键视角对后效评估的理论方法等展开评述,结果表明：（1）项目后效评 估在灾区恢复重建后效评估中起步较早,现有评估多集中于居民住房、基础设施、公共设施等工程 质量的评估,但缺乏对项目设计过程中社会居民参与度、公众满意度以及社会经济效益等的评 估。（2）要素后效评估在灾区恢复重建后效评估中涉及范围最广,具体包括社会、经济与环境等要 素,这些要素的评估受政策绩效影响较大,后期需要构建综合的评估体系以开展科学评估。（3）可 持续性后效评估以联合国可持续发展目标与地方国民经济与社会发展计划为基础构建评估框架, 有利于促进灾区的可持续发展。通过综合分析《仙台减轻灾害风险框架》中“重建的更好”(BBB)理 念,联合国可持续发展目标（SDGs）以及《巴黎协定》适应全球变化等诉求,结合当前灾区恢复重建 后效评估现状进行展望,以期为灾区恢复重建与可持续发展提供一个更为系统、综合的技术参考。  相似文献   

Winter cover crops in Dutch maize fields: Variability in quality and its drivers assessed from multi-temporal Sentinel-2 imagery     

《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2020

Planting a cover crop between the main cropping seasons is an agricultural management measure with multiple potential benefits for sustainable food production. In the maize production system of the Netherlands, an effective establishment of a winter cover crop is important for reducing nitrogen leaching to groundwater. Cover crop establishment after maize cultivation is obliged by law for sandy soils and consequently implemented on nearly all maize fields, but the winter-time vegetative ground cover varies significantly between fields. The objectives of this study are to assess the variability in winter vegetative cover and evaluate to what extent this variability can be explained by the timing of cover crop establishment and weather conditions in two growing seasons (2017–2018). We used Sentinel-2 satellite imagery to construct NDVI time series for fields known to be cultivated with maize within the province of Overijssel. We fitted piecewise logistic functions to the time series in order to estimate cover crop sowing date and retrieve the fitted NDVI value for 1 December (NDVI_Dec). We used NDVI_Dec to represent the quality of cover crop establishment at the start of the winter season. The Sentinel-2 estimated sowing dates compared reasonably with ground reference data for eight fields (RMSE = 6.6 days). The two analysed years differed considerably, with 2018 being much drier and warmer during summer. This drought resulted in an earlier estimated cover crop sowing date (on average 19 days) and an NDVI_Dec value that was 0.2 higher than in 2017. Combining both years and all fields, we found that Sentinel-2 retrieved sowing dates could explain 55% of the NDVI_Dec variability. This corresponded to a positive relationship (R² = 0.50) between NDVI_Dec and the cumulative growing degree days (GDD) between sowing date and 1 December until reaching 400 GDD. Based on cumulative GDD derived from two weather stations within Overijssel, we found that on average for the past three decades a sowing date of 19 September (± 7 days) allowed to attain these 400 GDD; this provides support for the current legislation that states that from 2019 onwards a cover crop should be sown before 1 October. To meet this deadline, while simultaneously ascertaining a harvest-ready main crop, in practice implies that undersowing of the cover crop during spring will gain importance. Our results show that Sentinel-2 NDVI time series can assess the effectiveness and timing of cover crop growth for small agricultural fields, and as such has potential to inform regulatory frameworks as well as farmers with actionable information that may help to reduce nitrogen leaching.  相似文献   

Sustainable development: Social outcomes of structural adjustments in a South Australian fishery     

Kate Brooks 《Marine Policy》2010

The assessment of sustainable development is a relatively recent advent in policy and the evaluation of industry structural adjustments. Although the elements of economic and environmental assessment have been relatively well developed and accepted, the effective inclusion of ‘social’ aspects in assessments of sustainable development are still being grappled with.  相似文献