某铝土矿低空无人机遥感测绘成果精度分析   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

刘聪  贺跃光  陈帅  杜年春 《测绘工程》2017,26(1)

对于分布散、范围大的铝土矿区,传统测量手段及时获取满足精度要求的矿区测绘资料具有一定难度。采用低空无人机遥感技术,能够快速提供矿山建设所需要的数字线划图、数字高程模型及数字正射影像,实现矿山的数字化与信息化建设。结合某铝土矿测绘面积大、矿区地物要素较少的测绘特征,通过无人机影像快速空三加密以及DLG,DEM,DOM的制作技术,获得低空无人机遥感测绘成果。通过对解析空三加密点精度分析和GPS实测点检查,表明测绘成果满足1∶2 000测图精度要求。  相似文献   

构架航线对无人机影像区域网平差精度影响分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

秦修功  陈曦  杨辽  曹良中  段永超  赵翠晓 《测绘科学》2017,42(1)

与三角翼相比,无人机航摄影像像幅小、模型连接性差、质量轻、航摄时姿态不稳定;这些因素导致无人机航摄影像成图精度较差。为了解决该问题,传统航测方法在每两张航摄影像间布设大量控制点,增强模型刚性;GPS辅助空中三角测量通过提高曝光点的点位精度,可以减少控制点的个数,但是由于无人机像幅小,控制点约束范围小,因而仍然需要大量的控制点。针对以上问题,文章在GPS辅助空中三角测量的基础上,通过布设架构航线,进而实现增加影像之间的重叠度,增强模型刚性的目的,从而实现在减少控制点个数的同时,保证无人机航摄影像区域网平差精度的提高。实验表明,该方法与单纯的依赖GPS辅助空三技术相比,在精度相近的基础上能够减少约50%的控制点布设数量,大大减少了外业工作量。  相似文献   

SURF算法在无人机倾斜摄影测量三维建模中的应用     

明国辉  委民正 《测绘工程》2017,26(9)

针对无人机倾斜摄影测量影像的特点,采用一种影像特征点自动提取匹配算法,解决影像之间的比例尺不一致、分辨率不一致等问题,实现影像的自动精确匹配,最终构建具有精确地理信息的三维模型。实验结果表明构建的三维模型满足数字城市建设的需求,可为城市基础设施建设提供一种科学可靠的依据。  相似文献   

无人机影像三维重建在沙丘形态监测中的应用          下载免费PDF全文

张明远  张登山  吴汪洋  田丽慧  周鑫 《干旱区地理》2018,41(6):1341-1350

沙丘形态监测对开展土地沙化防治工作具有重大意义。应用无人机,分别在2016年7月、2017年3月、7月和9月对青海湖克土沙区4个沙丘进行影像采集,借助PhotoScan软件进行三维重建生成高分辨率的沙丘正射影像和DEM数据,使用ArcGIS软件获取沙丘形态参数并分析变化。实验结果表明：基于无人机影像监测沙丘形态,具有可行性和准确性,正射影像精度较高,DEM数据通过校正后可正确反映沙丘形态,为逐天高精度监测变化提供了可能。  相似文献   

像控布设方案对无人机航测精度影响的测试     

刘学杰 《地理信息世界》2016,(5):109-112

结合实际的飞行试验,采用了5种像控布设方案,对无人机数码相机影像经纠正后直接进行立体建模测图或空三加密之后进行立体测图,然后进行实地精度检核,分析各种像控布设方案对工作效率和测图精度的影响,寻找出最佳的像控布设方案,对无人机航测进行1:000大比例尺高精度测图的可行性和发展方向进行展望。  相似文献   

APPLICATION OF UAVLS TO RAPID GEOLOGICAL SURVEYS          下载免费PDF全文

SHAO Yan-xiu  ZHANG Bo  ZOU Xiao-bo  WANG Ai-guo  ZHANG Fan-yu  YUAN Dao-yang  LIU Xing-wang  HE Wen-gui 《地震地质》2017,39(6):1185-1197

Three-dimensional scanning with LiDAR has been widely used in geological surveys. The LiDAR with high accuracy is promoting geoscience quantification. And it will be much more convenient, efficient and useful when combining it with the Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV). This study focuses on UAV-based Laser Scanning (UAVLS)geological field mapping, taking two examples to present advantages of the UAVLS in contrast with other mapping methods. For its usage in active fault mapping, we scanned the Nanpo village site on the Zhangxian segment of the West Qinling north-edge fault. It effectively removed the effects of buildings and vegetation, and uncovered the fault trace. We measured vertical offset of 1.3m on the terrace T₁ at the Zhang river. Moreover, we also scanned landslide features at the geological hazard observatory of Lanzhou University in the loess area. The scanning data can help understand how micro-topography affects activation of loess landslides. The UAVLS is time saving in the field, only spending about half an hour to scan each site. The amount of average points per meter is about 600, which can offer topography data with resolution of centimeter. The results of this study show that the UAVLS is expected to become a common, efficient and economic mapping tool.  相似文献   

Application of Structure‐from‐Motion photogrammetry to river restoration          下载免费PDF全文

Baptiste Marteau  Damià Vericat  Chris Gibbins  Ramon J. Batalla  David R. Green 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2017,42(3):503-515

Structure‐from‐Motion (SfM) photogrammetry is now used widely to study a range of earth surface processes and landforms, and is fast becoming a core tool in fluvial geomorphology. SfM photogrammetry allows extraction of topographic information and orthophotos from aerial imagery. However, one field where it is not yet widely used is that of river restoration. The characterisation of physical habitat conditions pre‐ and post‐restoration is critical for assessing project success, and SfM can be used easily and effectively for this purpose. In this paper we outline a workflow model for the application of SfM photogrammetry to collect topographic data, develop surface models and assess geomorphic change resulting from river restoration actions. We illustrate the application of the model to a river restoration project in the NW of England, to show how SfM techniques have been used to assess whether the project is achieving its geomorphic objectives. We outline the details of each stage of the workflow, which extend from preliminary decision‐making related to the establishment of a ground control network, through fish‐eye lens camera testing and calibration, to final image analysis for the creation of facies maps, the extraction of point clouds, and the development of digital elevation models (DEMs) and channel roughness maps. The workflow enabled us to confidently identify geomorphic changes occurring in the river channel over time, as well as assess spatial variation in erosion and aggradation. Critical to the assessment of change was the high number of ground control points and the application of a minimum level of detection threshold used to assess uncertainties in the topographic models. We suggest that these two things are especially important for river restoration applications. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

无人机航摄相片倾角对立体高程扭曲的影响分析     

连镇华 《地理空间信息》2010,8(1):20-22

通过对相片倾角对航测高程误差影响的理论分析,结合无人机低空摄影实际生产出现的问题,提出无人机低空摄影飞行姿态控制的指导性建议。  相似文献   

Digital mapping of coastal boulders – high-resolution data acquisition to infer past and recent transport dynamics     

Fabian Boesl  Max Engel  Rodrigo C. Eco  JaN B. Galang  Lia A. Gonzalo  Francesca Llanes  Eva Quix  Helmut Brückner 《Sedimentology》2020,67(3):1393-1410

Coastal boulder fields provide clues to long-term frequency-magnitude patterns of coastal flooding events and have the potential to play an important role in coastal hazard assessment. Mapping boulders in the field is time and labour-intensive, and work on intertidal reef platforms, as in the present study, is physically challenging. By addressing coastal scientists who are not specialists in remote sensing, this contribution reports on the possibilities and limitations of digital applications in boulder mapping in Eastern Samar, Philippines, where recent supertyphoons Haiyan and Hagupit induced high waves, coastal flooding and boulder transport. It is demonstrated how satellite imagery of sub-metre resolution (from Pléiades and WorldView-3 imagery) enables efficient analysis of transport vectors and distances of larger boulders, reflecting variation in latitudes of both typhoon tracks and approaching angles of typhoon-generated waves. During the investigated events, boulders with a-axes of up to 8 m were clearly identified to have been shifted for up to 32 m, mostly along the seaward margin of the boulder field. It is, however, hard to keep track of smaller boulders, and the length of a-axes and b-axes including their orientation is often impossible to map with sufficient accuracy. Orthophotographs and digital surface models created through the application of an unmanned aerial vehicle and the ‘Structure from Motion’ technique provide ultra-high-resolution data, and have the potential to not only improve the results of satellite image analysis, but also those from field mapping and may significantly reduce overall time in the field. Orthophotographs permit unequivocal mapping of a-axes and b-axes including their orientation, while precise values for c-axes can be derived from the respective digital surface models. Volume of boulders is best inferred from boulder-specific Structure from Motion-based three-dimensional models. Battery power, flight speed and altitude determine the limits of the area covered, while patches shielded by the boulders are difficult to resolve. For some tasks, field mapping remains mandatory and cannot be replaced by currently available remote sensing tools: for example, sampling for rock type, density and age dating, recording of lithological separation of boulders from the underlying geological unit and of geomorphic features on a millimetre to decimetre-scale, or documentation of fine-grained sediment transport in between the boulders in supratidal settings. In terms of future events, the digital products presented here will provide a valuable reference to track boulder transport on a centimetre to decimetre-scale and to better understand the hydrodynamics of extreme-wave events on a fringing reef coastline.  相似文献   

Evaluating functional connectivity in a small agricultural catchment under contrasting flood events by using UAV     

Aleix Calsamiglia  Jorge Gago  Julián Garcia-Comendador  Josep Fortesa Bernat  Adolfo Calvo-Cases  Joan Estrany 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2020,45(4):800-815

Concentrated erosion, a major feature of land degradation, represents a serious problem for soil and water resources management and a threat to ecosystems. Understanding the internal mechanisms (de-)coupling sediment pathways can improve the management and resilience of catchments. In this study, concentrated erosion and deposition forms were mapped accurately through field and aerial unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) campaigns, in order to assess the evolution of connectivity pathways over a series of three contrasted and consecutive flood events occurring between October 2016 and January 2017 (return period ranging from 0.5 to 25 years) in a small Mediterranean agricultural catchment (Can Revull, Mallorca, Spain; 1.4 km²). In addition, a morphometric index of connectivity (IC) was used to identify the potential trajectories of different concentrated erosion forms and deposition areas. IC predictions were calibrated by identifying the optimal critical thresholds, i.e. those most consistent with field observations after each of the events studied. The results found that the index performed well in predicting the occurrence and the length/area of the different type of landforms, giving kappa (κ) coefficients of variation ranging between 0.21 and 0.92 and linear correlations R² between 0.33 and 0.72. The type of landform affected the correspondence of IC predictions and field observations, with lower thresholds the greater the magnitude of their associated geomorphic processes. Rainfall magnitude proved to be a very important factor controlling the development of erosion and deposition landforms, with large differences in length/area between the contrasted events. The evolution of the observed trajectories revealed feedback dynamics between the structural and functional connectivity of the catchment, in which morphological changes determined the spatial distribution of the processes’ activity in the successive events and vice versa. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献