基于PSE模型的矿业城市经济发展脆弱性研究   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

孙平军  修春亮 《地理研究》2011,30(2):301-310

脆弱性是可持续发展的一个时间函数和空间函数.区域经济发展过程是一个不断抑制脆弱性实现螺旋式上升的过程.矿业城市经济发展的脆弱性具有典型的"压力(P)-敏感(S)-弹性(E)"的特征.据此,构建了一个矿业城市经济发展脆弱性评价模型,结合主成分分析法和熵值法,选取东北地区矿业城市作为案例进行评价,从脆弱性的视角来研究矿业城...  相似文献   

基于信息量模型和机器学习方法的滑坡易发性评价研究——以四川理县为例     

周萍  邓辉  张文江  薛东剑  吴先谭  卓文浩 《地理科学》2022,42(9):1665-1675

以阿坝藏族羌族自治州地质灾害频发的理县为研究区,从地形地貌、地质环境、水文条件和人类工程活动等方面选取11个影响因子,通过皮尔森相关系数研究各因子之间的相关性,从而构建滑坡易发性评价指标体系。利用信息量模型计算各影响因子的信息量值,从信息量模型得出的极低和低易发性分区中选取非滑坡样本,在此基础上将样本数据代入随机森林和径向基函数神经网络2种机器学习模型开展滑坡易发性评价,并通过接收灵敏度（Receiver Operating Characteristic,ROC）曲线进行精度验证。结果显示：随机森林模型预测出的高易发区单位面积内分布的滑坡点数量更为集中,在仅占6.666%的区域分布了74.026%的灾害点,评价结果优于径向基函数神经网络模型。ROC曲线中两模型AUC（Area Under Curve）值分别为0.893、0.874,说明随机森林模型具有更高的可靠性,比径向基函数神经网络在该区域地质灾害易发性评价中更具优势。  相似文献   

基于MTM-SVD方法的西南地区降水季节内振荡特征分析     

王春学  马振峰  邓彪  王佳津 《高原气象》2015,34(1):59-69

利用1981-2010年中国西南地区气象站点逐日降水资料以及NCEP/NCAR逐日再分析资料,使用MTM-SVD方法分析了西南地区降水的季节内振荡特征,结果表明:西南地区降水存在显著的14.4候(70天左右)振荡周期,该季节内振荡在1985年前后最强,在整个研究时段内夏季更明显。典型循环重建表明,西南地区降水的季节内振荡整体上有一个从南向北的推进过程,对OLR的分析表明,南海—西太平洋地区和孟加拉湾地区是影响西南地区降水的两个关键区。在季节内振荡尺度上影响西南地区降水的OLR异常信号首先出现在爪哇岛附近,逐渐向东传播到马鲁古群岛地区,然后北跳传播到北半球的南海—西太平洋地区和孟加拉湾地区,最后两者先后向北推进影响西南地区降水。  相似文献   

Valuing seafood: The Peruvian fisheries sector     

《Marine Policy》2014

There are tradeoffs in managing fisheries, and ideally such tradeoffs should be known when setting fisheries policies. An aspect of this, which is rarely considered, is the spin-off effect of different fisheries: the economic and social benefits that fisheries generate through processing through distribution and on to the end consumer. This study evaluated the benefits generated in the Peruvian marine fisheries sector through a comprehensive value chain analysis, based on a newly-developed combined ecosystem-economic modeling approach, which was integrated in the widely-used Ecopath with Ecosim approach and software. The value chain was parameterized by extensive data collection through 35 enterprise types covering the marine fisheries sector in Peru, including the world's biggest single-species fishery for anchoveta. While anchoveta is what is known about Peruvian fisheries, the study finds that anchoveta accounts for only 31% of the sector contribution to GDP and for only 23% of the employment. Thus, while anchoveta indeed is the fundamental fish species in the Peruvian ecosystem, there are other fisheries to be considered for management. The study indicates that the economic multipliers for Peruvian fisheries were 2.9 on average over the industry, and that these varied surprisingly little between fleets and between seafood categories indicating that the multipliers can be used beyond Peru to generalize the spin-off effect of the value chain. Employment multipliers vary much more across types of fisheries, but also around an average of 2.9; here it was clear that longer value chains result in more employment.  相似文献   

STUDY ON THE QUASI-FOUR YEAR OSCILLATION OF AIR-SEA INTERACTION          下载免费PDF全文

朱艳峰  陈隆勋 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》2000,(3)

Complex Singular Value Decomposition(CSVD)analysis technique was applied to study theQuasi Four year Oscillation(QFO)of air sea interaction and its coupled pattern evolution duringdifferent phases.Results show that:(1)CSVD method can better reveal phase relation betweentwo physical fields:(2)Not only northerly anomalies from Northern Hemisphere but alsosoutherly anomalies from Southern Hemisphere contribute to EI Nino.They converge in westernequatorial Pacific,leading to outburst of strong equatorial westerly anomalies,and result in strongEl Nino event onset:(3)An abnormal subtropical anticyclone circulation appears overnorthwestern Pacific while El Nino developing.It favors transitions from the warm SST(EINino)to the cold SST(La Nina),just as the tropical westerly anomalies produced by abnormalcyclone during a decaying La Nina.which encourage the development of El Nino:(4)Thewesterly anomalies in equatorial Pacific are mainly induced by eastward abnormal subtropicalcyclone pairs,which are located in north and south Pacific respectively,and are not the eastwardwesterly anomalies from equatorial Indian Ocean.  相似文献   

STUDY ON THE QUASI-FOUR YEAR OSCILLATION OF AIR-SEA INTERACTION^*          下载免费PDF全文

ZHU Yanfeng  CHEN Longxun 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》2000,14(3):293-306

Complex Singular Value Decomposition(CSVD)analysis technique was applied to study the Quasi Four year Oscillation(QFO)of air sea interaction and its coupled pattern evolution during different phases.Results show that:(1)CSVD method can better reveal phase relation between two physical fields:(2)Not only northerly anomalies from Northern Hemisphere but also southerly anomalies from Southern Hemisphere contribute to EI Nino.They converge in western equatorial Pacific,leading to outburst of strong equatorial westerly anomalies,and result in strong El Nino event onset:(3)An abnormal subtropical anticyclone circulation appears over northwestern Pacific while El Nino developing.It favors transitions from the warm SST(EINino)to the cold SST(La Nina),just as the tropical westerly anomalies produced by abnormal cyclone during a decaying La Nina.which encourage the development of El Nino:(4)The westerly anomalies in equatorial Pacific are mainly induced by eastward abnormal subtropical cyclone pairs,which are located in north and south Pacific respectively,and are not the eastward westerly anomalies from equatorial Indian Ocean.  相似文献   

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鲁铁定  陶本藻  周世健 《大地测量与地球动力学》2007,27(5):63-67

??????????????(SVD,Singular Value Decomposition)????????????????????????????M-P??????????????????ó????????????????????????M-P??????;??????????????????????????С??????С?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????;?????????С??????С??????????????????????????????????????δ???????С??????С?????;????????????????????????????????????????????????Ч???  相似文献   

城镇土地定级与基准地价评估系统开发及应用   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

樊翔云付廷庆  张秋义范洪一林学金  刘光辉 《地理信息世界》2005,3(B08):60-64

通过分析当前城镇土地定级与基准地价评估的现状，总结了新形势下城镇土地定级与估价对GIS软件提出的客观要求，阐述了基于大型全组件式GIS软件SuperMap GIS的城镇土地定级与基；住地价评估信息系统解决方案的系统设计、功能设计和开发应用。该解决方案成功地应用于松原市城镇土地定级与基准地价评估工作，建成了功能强大、技术领先的决策分析型城镇土地定级与基准地价评估信息系统。系统的成功应用不仅完成了松原市城镇土地定级与基准地价更新平衡工作，而且为国土资源局提供了基于一体化数据库的定级估价成果管理和查询，成功地实现了基于SuperMap的决策分析型国土资源业务应用信息系统的构建。  相似文献   

连续形变观测的异常综合指数SAD   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

张雁滨  蒋骏  张燕  李胜乐 《地震》2001,21(1):33-38

主要介绍了连续形变异常信息的综合指数SAD值的有关研究。在连续形变观测单项异常分析方法和参量研究的基础上，异常综合指数SAD较全面地综合了多种前兆参量和方法及同一测点的多台仪器观测信息，并顾及了不同台站之间的不同观测情况，所获得的结果较真实，更具可信度。可作为判定台站连续形变观测综合异常程度的判定值。此外，还对华北及川滇地区几次强震前SAD值的变化进行了分析。结果表明，强震前半年时段,地区的连续形变观测点的SAD值会有一个显增高（SAD值从平时的0．1－0．3的变化范围，增高到0．5以上）的前兆过程。特别是震中及邻近地区100多公里范围内的测点，SAD值出现显的高值异常（达0．6以上），未来强震则发生在SAD值在0．6以上的分布地区。异常综合指数SAD值反映了监测区内与强震有关的连续形变前兆性异常程度和危险程度，可用于对未来强震的预测。但需要有合理的观测布局及一定的观测密度作为前提。  相似文献   

中型医院CT室实施QA,QC原则的初探     

李建平 《CT理论与应用研究》1996,5(2):25-29

本文介绍了采用中国推广普及型ＣＴ，根据世界卫生组织提出的ＱＡ、ＱＣ体系的原则，制定中型医院ＣＴ室“ＣＴ室组织行为规范”，“ＣＴ扫描技术规范”；“ＣＴ诊断技术规范”。  相似文献