河流对江苏海岸发育的影响   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

赵全基 《海洋科学》1992,16(3):53-55

本文论述了江苏海岸发育的过程,探讨了长江、黄河、淮河等较大河流对海岸发育的影响。河流不仅能为海岸形态的塑造提供极为重要的物质基础,而且对于形成过程中的海洋动力作用产生一定影响。  相似文献   

基于BP人工神经网络的水体遥感测深方法研究   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

王艳姣  张鹰 《海洋工程》2005,23(4):33-38

利用Landsat7ETM＋遥感图像反射率和实测水深值之间的相关性,建立了动量BP人工神经网络水深反演模型,并对长江口南港河段水深进行了反演.结果表明：具有较强非线性映射能力的动量BP神经网络模型能较好地反演出长江口南港河段的水深分布情况;由于受长江口水体高含沙量的影响,模型对小于5 m的水深值反演精度较高,而对大于10 m的水深值反演精度较低.  相似文献   

尼罗河三角洲全新世海平面变动及其对环境的影响——与长江三角洲的对比   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

陈中原 《海洋学报》2002,24(2):77-83

利用泥炭(33个)和潟湖(65个)14C测年数据重建了尼罗河三角洲全新世海平面的变动过程,结果显示潟湖样品比泥炭更为有效地反映出海平面变动特征:距今7000a时海平面约位于现今-10m,距今5000a时约为-5m,距离2000a时已接近现代.海侵强度和范围受古地貌和区域沉降的影响呈现出东北部大、中部其次、西部最小.随着海平面上升速率减小,三角洲在约距今7000a时开始建造,并广泛发育潟湖、沙坝和平原河流沉积体系.此后,海平面趋于稳定,人类活动增强,导致海岸沉积环境大片萎缩、消亡.同样利用泥炭(45个)测年数据重建了长江三角洲全新世海平面变动,结果与尼罗河的差异较大,可能是两地沉降差异所致.近代长江三角洲人类活动也是导致环境退化的主要原因.  相似文献   

下辽河平原—辽东湾的新构造运动   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

许坤  李宏伟  邱开敏 《海洋学报》2002,24(3):68-74

通过地质、地貌及地球物理资料分析研究,发现下辽河平原—辽东湾的新构造运动的主要特征除了断裂发育、火山活动早期剧烈而晚期衰弱、现代地震活跃以及地壳差异和反差升降运动明显之外,还显示了:(1)深大断裂的控制性,(2)沉降中心的迁移性,(3)构造运动的阶段性和旋回性.  相似文献   

渭河下游河道调整过程中的复杂响应现象   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

许炯心 《地理研究》1989,8(2):82-90

应用系统复杂响应的原理研究三门峡水库上游渭河河道调整过程,表明上游河道河床形态对基面上升所作出的响应是复杂的,弯曲系数的变化为先减小而后增大,宽深比的变化是先增大后减小,比降由先减小而后增大,最后均趋于稳定.  相似文献   

Progress in Environmental Evolvement and Environmental Archaeology Study in the Yangtze Delta （China）     

CHEN Lei 《地球空间信息科学学报》2008,11(3):228-234

A review was conducted on the environmental evolvement and environmental archaeological research since the 1980s in the Yangtze Delta. Former environmental evolvement and environmental archaeological research results can be summed up into 4 aspects： 1） Formation and evolution of the Taihu Lake; 2） Transgression and sea-level changes in the Holocene epoch; 3） Reconstruction of the pre-historical environment; and 4） Impacts of environmental variations on the rise and fall of human civilization （formation of the cultural interruptions）. Based on this review, some limitations in the present research methods and possible outcomes are pointed out in this paper.  相似文献   

黄河内蒙古段上覆水、悬浮物和底泥重金属特征及生态风险研究   总被引：24，自引：12，他引：12  

赵锁志  刘丽萍  王喜宽  李世宝  朱锁  郑萍  张青  张宝  蒙奎文 《现代地质》2008,22(2):304-312

系统地采集黄河内蒙古段上覆水、悬浮物和底泥样品,分析其中重金属元素的含量。采用地质累积指数法和潜在生态危害系数法,研究了黄河干流内蒙古段的上覆水、悬浮物和底泥的重金属沿程分布特征、污染程度和生态风险。分析结果显示:除了As元素,悬浮物中重金属元素含量总体上高于底泥中的含量。地质累积指数法评价结果表明:悬浮物和底泥属于无污染—中度污染,悬浮物总体上比底泥污染严重;潜在生态危害系数法评价结果表明:底泥和悬浮物中重金属的生态危害总体上属轻微状态;因此,生态风险指数法和地质累积指数评价结果基本一致。  相似文献   

Benthic nutrient fluxes in the intertidal flat within the Changjiang （Yangtze River） Estuary   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

GAO Lei    LI Daoji  WANG Yanming  YU Lihua  KONG Dingjiang  LI Mei  LI Yun  and FANG Tao State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology  Tongji University  Shanghai  China State Key Laboratory of Estuarine  Coastal Research  East China Normal University  Shanghai  China 《中国地球化学学报》2008,27(1):58-71

In an annual cycle from March 2005 to February 2006, benthic nutrient fluxes were measured monthly in the Dongtan intertidal flat within the Changjiang （Yangtze River） Estuary. Except for NH4^＋, there always showed high fluxes from overlying water into sediment for other four nutrients. Sediments in the high and middle marshes, covered with halophyte and consisting of macrofauna, demonstrated more capabilities of assimilating nutrients from overlying water than the low marsh. Sampling seasons and nutrient concentrations in the overlying water could both exert significant effects on these fluxes. Additionally, according to the model provided by previous study, denitrification rates, that utilizing NO3- transported from overlying water （Dw） in Dongtan sediments, were estimated to be from -16 to 193 μmol·h^-1·m^-2 with an average value of 63 μmol·h^-1·m^-2 （n=18）. These estimated values are still underestimates of the in-situ rates owing to the lack of consideration of DN, i.e., denitrification supported by the local NO3^- production via nitrification.  相似文献   

Changes in nutrient uptake of phytoplankton under the interaction between sunlight and phosphate in the Changjiang （Yangtze） River Estuary     

FANG Tao LI Daoji YU Lihua LI Yun 《中国地球化学学报》2008,27(2):161-170

We conducted ship-board incubation experiments to investigate changes in nutrient uptake of phytoplankton under different phosphate concentrations and irradiances in the Changjiang River Estuary and its adjacent waters in China. Under 100% natural irradiance the uptake rates of phosphate, silicate, and nitrate were accelerated at high phosphate levels （1.84 μM）, while under low irradiance （about 50% natural irradiance） their uptake rates were restrained at the high but stimulated greatly at the intermediate phosphate concentrations （1.26 μM）, as the growth of phytoplankton, changes in nitrite and ammonium uptake didn＇t follow an obvious pattern. Our results also showed that there were linear relationships between nitrate, silicate and phosphate uptake at different phosphate concentrations under low and high irradiances, and the growth period of phytoplankton was prolonged both at the high phosphate concentrations under high irradiance and at the intermediate concentrations under low irradiance, suggesting that the limitation of phytoplankton growth mainly reflected changes in its growth period, and because no such environment （low irradiance and low phosphate concentrations） actually existed in a high turbidity zone, phytoplankton blooms hardly occurred there. In the absence of irradiance, denitrification occurred readily and phytoplankton was kept decreasing, which resulted in phosphate regeneration.  相似文献   

Environmental Redox Changes of the Ancient Sea in the Yangtze Area during the Ordo-Silurian Transition     

YAN Detian  CHEN Daizhao  WANG Qingchen  WANG Jianguo  CHU Yang 《《地质学报》英文版》2008,82(3):679-689

Extensive organic-matter （OM） rich facies （black shales） occur in the Ordo-Silurian boundary successions in the Yangtze area, South China. To investigate the redox changes of the Yangtze Sea during the Ordo-Silurian transition, two OM sections （Wangjiawan in Yichang, Hubei Province, and Sanjiaguan in Zhangjiajie, Hunan Province） straddling the Ordo-Silurian boundary are studied. The measurements finished in this study include contents of the total organic carbon （TOC）, pyrite sulphur, and different species of Fe, including dithionite-extractable Fe （FED）, pyrite Fe （FeP）, HCl-extractable Fe （FeH）, and total Fe （FeT）, in black shales, as well as other redox proxies, such as the SIC ratio, the ratio between highly reactive Fe （FeHR = FeD ＋ FeP） and FeT, and the FeP/（FeP ＋ FeH） ratio, known as the degree of pyritization （DOP）. In the Wangjiawan section, the Middle Ashgill sediments have high FeHR/FeT ratios （0.20-0.77; avg. 0.45）, high DOP values （0.21-0.72; avg. 0.54）, and a relatively constant sulfur content independent of the organic carbon content. By the contrast, the mid-early Hirnantian deposits generally have low FeHR/FeT ratios （0.10-0.35; avg. 0.21）, low DOP values （0.11- 0.40; avg. 0.28）, and SIC values are clustering on the normal marine value （SIC = 0.36）. The late Hirnantian and early Rhuddanian deposits, similar to those of the Middle Ashgill deposits, are characterized by high FeHR/FeT ratios （0.32-0.49; avg. 0.41）, high DOP values （0.46-0.68; avg. 0.53） and fairly constant sulfur contents. These data suggest the occurrences of marine anoxia on the Yangtze Sea shelf during intervals of the Mid Ashgill, Late Hirnantian and Early Rhuddanian, and ventilated and oxygenated marine conditions during the mid-early Hirnantian time. The mid-early Hirnantian ventilated event was concomitant with the global glacial period, likely resulted from the glacio-eustatic sea-level fall and subsequent circulation of cold, dense oxygenated waters  相似文献