THEORETICAL CALCULATION MODEL OF SHORTWAVE RADIATION FOR THE EARTH-ATMOSPHERE SYSTEM AND ITS TESTING RESULTS          下载免费PDF全文

Wang Xuanji  Gao Guodong 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》1993,7(3):327-337

On the basis of radiation transfer theory,adopting improved two-stream algorithm incorporated with addingalgorithm,we build up a theoretical calculation model of shortwave radiation for the earth-atmosphere system whichcan be applied with satellite data.The model can calculate direct solar radiation,scattering solar radiation,heating rateand other physical quantities of radiation field at every layer of the atmosphere and on the earth's surface,if the under-ground reflectance or the planetary albedo obtained from satellite can be known.The model can be used in clear orcloudy atmosphere,and its calculating speed is fairly fast.We think that the model can be incorporated into large-scaleand mesoscale climatic models for the consideration of radiation calculation,and also it is useful for the utilization of so-lar energy.  相似文献   

NOAA－AVHRR图像大气影响校正方法研究及软件研制第一部分　原理和模型     

秦益  田国良 《遥感学报》1994,(1)

大气影响是遥感定量化应用的主要障碍之一。本文首先分析了大气对遥感图像产生的各种影响并对影响程度进行了一般的阐述，然后在原理和方法上对典型的大气影响校正算法进行了总结。通过分析我们认为，为了校正遥感图像所受到的大气影响，定量地获取当时当地的大气条件是完成这一工作的必要条件，而且是非常重要的条件之一。为此，我们提出了利用ＮＯＡＡ星载垂直探测器资料即ＴＯＶＳ资料，结合使用气溶胶模型，通过大气辐射传输模型，建立地面辐射量与卫星测量值之间的关系，并完成了对ＮＯＡＡ－ＡＶＨＲＲ图像的大气影响校正。在此基础上对我们的模型和算法进行了详细论述。这一模型是一套适用于发展业务软件的校正模型，软件发展完善后将为ＮＯＡＡ－ＡＶＨＲＲ数据的定量化应用打下基础。  相似文献   

西北干旱地区大气中水汽的平均输送   总被引：6，自引：4，他引：6  

高晓清 《高原气象》1994,13(3):307-313

本文利用探空资料对西北干旱地区的水汽输送进行了分析，结果表明：（１）平均而言，该地区最大水汽输送高度在６００－７００ｈＰａ，但由于局地的影响，有些地方在近地面；（２）该区域夏季水汽输送量是冬季的两倍；（３）该区域的损失水量是由流入该流域的地表径流蒸发补给的。  相似文献   

长江三角洲地区地磁短周期变化异常的描述及解释          下载免费PDF全文

顾左文  范国华 《地球物理学报》1994,37(1):66-77

在长江三角洲地区进行了地磁短周期变化的观测，对资料的分析表明，该区域地磁短周期变化存在一非对称异常．其负异常较大，中心位于无锡、常熟一带；其正异常较小，中心位于海安与大丰之间．异常出现的周期为１００-３６００ｓ，并在１２０ｓ处取极大值．二维模型拟合表明，在该地区存在一由北向南上升的地下高导层．该高导层在溧阳、无锡、余山一线消失．这恰是溧阳、崇明大断裂之所在．该地区地表还存在有厚度为３００ｍ的高导覆盖层．  相似文献   

火成岩中的麻粒岩相捕虏体研究新进展及其对认识地壳生长与演化的意义     

刘伟 《地质科技情报》1994,13(2):1-4

火成岩中的麻粒岩相捕虏体主要分为基性熔体捕虏体，酸性变质火成岩捕虏体与变质沉积岩捕虏体。麻粒岩相捕虏体的锆石离子探针年龄与上地壳花岗岩的侵位年龄，造山运动时代基本一致。基性熔体的下垫作用是地壳生长的一种重要方式，并且代表了一种有效的幔向壳的物质与能量迁移。地下壳部分熔与麻粒岩相变质作用是壳内分异的重要途径。  相似文献   

柳沟灌区水盐动态预测的研究     

Li Tongbin  Lin Shanshan 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》1994,(3)

在研究和分析柳沟灌区地质结构和水盐运移特征的基础上，建立预测地在积盐规律的耦合模型。在模型中，以溶质运移的随机传输函数模型描述地位积盐过程，以确定性模型刻划含水层系统的内部特征，用该模型预测不同水位埋深条件下不同时期地表积盐量，为该区设计地下水最佳开采方案和改造盐碱地措施奠定了基础。  相似文献   

Analytical solution of a basic geothermal equation     

H. Wilhelm 《Geophysical Journal International》1994,119(2):684-685

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我国亚热带低山丘陵地区农业结构调整—以江苏省宜兴市南部为例   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

何祥 《地理研究》1993,12(2):86-93

以宜兴市南部为例,本文采用Weaver组合指数法,分析土地类型结构与农业生产结构的天系,以及土地利用中存在的问题,提出农业生产结构的调整方案,并对我国亚热带低山丘陵地区农业结构调整的若干问题作了讨论。  相似文献   

Spectrum Characteristics and Transfer Function of the Hydrograph of the Deep Aqueous System1     

Chen Baoren  Liu Shuyun  Jin Peikang  Dong Shouyu 《《地质学报》英文版》1993,6(4):453-464

Abstract The fluctuation of most of the hydrograph in the deep aqueous system records the fluid pulsation in lithosphere and variation of the earth's crust. Many observations have verified that groundwater is an ideal information carrier of the crust. In this paper, the series of input (precipitation, air pressure, Earth tide etc.) and output (water level, artesian flow) of the deep aqueous system are studied by using the spectrum analysis and system theory. The application concepts of transfer function and the spectral structure of the hydrograph enrich the knowledge of the deep aqueous system. Two typical spectral structures of the hydrograph of the deep aqueous system are obtained by comparing with many water—bearing systems of the Jizhong depression. One is from well Ma—17 and the other is from the well Xinze—5. Finally, the physical models of forming the spectrum of the hydrograph are constructed on the basis of the spectrum research on the deep aqueous system.  相似文献   

‘Bedload’ dynamics: Grain impacts,momentum transfer and derivation of a grain froude number     

Michael R. Leeder 《地球表面变化过程与地形》1979,4(3):291-295

A test is proposed for Bagnold's postulate that the normal weight stress due to moving ‘bedload’ is balanced by a solid transmitted stress due to the rate of change of momentum produced by grain impacts on unit area of the stationary bed. The test involves derivation of an expression for normal momentum transfer due to saltating grains at moderate transport stages when grain-to-grain collisions and partial suspension during saltation may be ignored. A dimensionless number, Φ, (a grain Froude Number) is derived, given by ū²/g where ū is the mean grain forward velocity, g is the gravitational acceleration and L? is the length of a single saltation ‘jump’. Equilibrium demands that Φ be unity during bedload transport involving saltating grains if Bagnold's postulate is correct. Experimental data shows Φ < 1, the discrepancy between theory and experiment being due to the existence of lift forces acting upon bedload grains. Bagnold's postulate is correct for concentrated dispersions of grains, as in grain flows, when fluid lift forces may be neglected due to high particle concentration.  相似文献