Time-variant fragility analysis of the bridge system considering time-varying dependence among typical component seismic demands     

Song  Shuai  Qian  Yongjiu  Liu  Jing  Xie  Xiaorui  Wu  Gang 《地震工程与工程振动(英文版)》2019,18(2):363-377

This paper presents a copula technique to develop time-variant seismic fragility curves for corroded bridges at the system level and considers the realistic time-varying dependence among component seismic demands. Based on material deterioration mechanisms and incremental dynamic analysis, the time-evolving seismic demands of components were obtained in the form of marginal probability distributions. The time-varying dependences among bridge components were then captured with the best fitting copula function, which was selected from the commonly used copula classes by the empirical distribution based analysis method. The system time-variant fragility curves at different damage states were developed and the effects of time-varying dependences among components on the bridge system fragility were investigated. The results indicate the time-varying dependence among components significantly affects the time-variant fragility of the bridge system. The copula technique captures the nonlinear dependence among component seismic demands accurately and easily by separating the marginal distributions and the dependence among them.  相似文献   

斜轴式望远镜动力学建模与鲁棒控制          下载免费PDF全文

梁静思  王海仁  左营喜  张明珠  高婧婧  程文胜  王博铖  张天哲 《天文学报》2023,64(6):62

斜轴式望远镜是一种新颖的望远镜结构, 其独特的结构设计更适合南极等极端气候环境, 但目前国内外缺乏针对斜轴式望远镜详细的动力学建模与控制研究. 提出一套斜轴式望远镜动力学建模与鲁棒控制方法, 首先, 对斜轴式望远镜进行了动力学分析, 采用拉格朗日法建立望远镜2自由度刚体模型; 接着, 结合望远镜驱动系统的柔性和所受干扰, 完成了斜轴式望远镜的干扰情况下刚柔耦合系统数学模型的推导; 然后, 针对抗干扰问题, 根据所建数学模型, 设计了基于干扰观测器的滑模控制器, 对于所受干扰进行抑制, 实现了斜轴式望远镜的鲁棒控制; 最后, 仿真结果显示, 在考虑模型的非线性外部干扰的情况下, 相比于传统的比例-积分-微分控制器, 基于干扰观测器的滑模控制器使得系统具有更好的动态性能和抗干扰特性.  相似文献   

Estuarine and coastal connectivity of an estuarine-dependent fishery species,Pomadasys commersonnii (Haemulidae)     

MH Dames  PD Cowley  A-R Childs  RH Bennett  EB Thorstad  TF Næsje 《African Journal of Marine Science》2017,39(1):111-120

Understanding the level of connectivity between estuarine and coastal waters is essential for appropriate management of estuarine-associated taxa. Most studies have focused on the role of a single estuary, while limited research exists on the importance of multiple estuaries to individuals of estuarine-associated species. This study used acoustic telemetry to assess the usage of multiple estuaries and coastal waters by the estuarine-dependent spotted grunter Pomadasys commersonnii. Twenty-six adult fish were tagged with acoustic transmitters in the Kariega and Bushmans estuaries, South Africa, and their movements along a 300-km stretch of Indian Ocean coastline were monitored for up to 17 months. Tagged individuals spent most of their time in the estuary where they were tagged (55% and 85% for fish tagged in the two estuaries, respectively), followed by time in the sea (30% and 15%) and in other estuaries (15% and <1%). The mean durations of sea trips for fish tagged in the Kariega Estuary or Bushmans Estuary, respectively, were 25 days (range 3–55) and 12 days (range 2–22). Of the fish that went to sea, 93% from the Kariega Estuary and 60% from the Bushmans Estuary visited other estuaries. Most visits were undertaken to the Swartkops, Bushmans and Kowie estuaries, although the longest durations were spent in the Sundays Estuary. Individuals moved to estuaries up to 130 km away. The total distance travelled between estuaries by an individual during the study was ～529 km, with means of 201 and 184 km, respectively, for fish tagged in the Kariega and Bushmans estuaries. Despite covering large distances between estuaries, individuals often returned to their tagging estuary. Residency in their tagging estuary, combined with frequent visits to a neighbouring estuary, highlights the importance of estuarine habitats for this popular fish species, even after reaching maturity.  相似文献   

城市新兴技术产业的演化路径比较分析——以长三角物联网产业为例   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3  

汪明峰  郗厚雪 《地理研究》2015,34(9):1697-1707

1990年代后期以来,经济地理学出现了演化思潮,一些新的概念为分析产业的空间演化提供了有效的理论工具。基于演化经济地理学中的路径依赖理论,以长三角地区的物联网产业为例,探讨了新兴产业兴起和演化过程的地方差异。重点选取无锡、上海、南京和杭州四个城市,采用多案例比较的方法,从产业发展的历史基础、集群状况、政府政策,以及主要动力机制等方面,分析了4个案例的异同点,并突出这些城市在区域经济和制度环境方面的差异。对产业演化机制的讨论还发现,技术基础、政策推动和偶然性事件是新兴技术产业初始发展阶段的主要动因。  相似文献   

高温高压条件下辉长岩的摩擦强度及其速率依赖性   总被引：9，自引：4，他引：5       下载免费PDF全文

何昌荣  陶青峰  王泽利 《地震地质》2004,26(3):450-460

在干燥条件下对辉长岩的摩擦本构参数进行了实验研究。结果表明 :1 )辉长岩模拟断层泥的摩擦速度依赖性参数 (a -b)基本为正或者接近于没有速度依赖性 ,表明在干燥条件下不具备不稳定滑动的成核条件 ,对下地壳地震成核的可能性有参考意义 ;2 )摩擦强度在干燥条件下与Byerlee定律高度一致 ,表明在下地壳的高温环境下Byerlee定律仍可给出适当的强度估计 ,至少在干燥条件下如此 ;3)Byerlee定律给出的剪应力强度与正应力的关系中有一个截距 ,但是本研究中关于模拟断层泥的结果却没有明显的截距 ,表明断层物质的有无在摩擦强度的表现上存在重要差异  相似文献   

A multi‐stock,length‐based assessment model for New Zealand rock lobster (Jasus Edwardsii)     

Vivian Haist  Paul A. Breen  Paul J. Starr 《新西兰海洋与淡水研究杂志》2013,47(1):355-371

We describe a multi‐stock, length‐based Bayesian assessment model for New Zealand spiny lobster (Jasus edwardsii) fisheries. This model allows simultaneous modelling of two or more stocks with a mixture of common and stock‐specific parameters: recruitment is always stock‐specific, but any other parameter can be specified as either common or stock‐specific. Common parameters are estimated from a wider base than they would be in a single‐stock model. The model's time step is flexible and can be changed during the period being modelled to accommodate better data quality in recent data. Other options include the capacity to estimate movements among stocks, allow density‐dependent growth, and choose among likelihood functions for the various data sets, between finite and instantaneous fishing dynamics and between two forms of selectivity curve.  相似文献   

弥散磁共振成像研究进展     

吴锡 《成都信息工程学院学报》2013,(6):563-573

对弥散磁共振成像的核心内容——使用不同强度和方向的弥散信息对完整弥散过程进行三维建模进行介绍.首先根据模型可描述纤维数量将其分为低角度分辨率和高角度分辨率弥散磁共振成像2类,然后根据建模所用弥散采样选择方式将高角度分辨率弥散磁共振成像分为多弥散角度方向模型、多弥散强度模型和综合弥散角度方向和强度模型3类并进行介绍,并对每个具体模型分别从模型设计、模型计算和模型优缺点3个角度进行分析.  相似文献   

旅游产业生长点的SGGT模式与空间演化——以张家界为例   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

麻学锋  孙根年 《地理研究》2013,32(10):1923-1936

界定了旅游产业生长点的概念,借鉴“路径依赖”理论重新诠释旅游地产业成长路径,提出具有普遍性SGGT模式,以张家界旅游产业生长点为例,具体分析了SGGT和空间演化过程及其动力机制。结果发现:①历史与现实是武陵源旅游生长点形成的基础,需求与培育是旅游生长点萌发的关键因素,创新与拓展是旅游生长点成长的保证,蜕变促进了旅游生长点成为旅游产业增长极;②张家界国家森林公园、天子山和索溪峪三个旅游生长点,通过“路径创造”,实现了行政管辖权的统一,后被列为世界遗产地,成为张家界旅游产业的核心生长点;③在旅游产业“集聚力”和世界遗产地管控的驱动下,天门山成为张家界新的生长点;④武陵源和天门山两个生长点的形成,是张家界旅游产业集聚和“路径创造”共同作用的结果,也拓展了张家界旅游产业的成长空间。本文有利于为旅游地政府和企业从旅游产业生长点视角理解旅游产业成长路径,更为世界遗产地旅游产业可持续发展提供科学指导。  相似文献   

海拉尔盆地贝尔凹陷伸展断层转折褶皱作用及其对沉积作用的制约     

刘志宏  梅梅  柳行军  吴相梅  万传彪  林东成  高军义 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2012,42(5):1330-1337

海拉尔盆地是叠置于内蒙－大兴安岭古生代碰撞造山带之上的中新生代盆地,总体上呈北东向展布,由3坳、2隆5个一级构造单元组成,自西向东依次为扎贲诺尔坳陷、嵯岗隆起、贝尔湖坳陷、巴彦山隆起和呼和湖坳陷, 其中贝尔凹陷是贝尔湖坳陷南部的1个二级构造单元。贝尔凹陷的控陷断层为1个上凸、2个上凹断层转折组合构成的犁式正断层,在深部发育伸展双重构造。在犁式正断层上盘由于上凸断层转折产生的活动轴面与断层面为同旋向剪切,而上凹断层转折产生的活动轴面与断层面为反旋向剪切,在断层上盘形成2个背斜中间夹1个向斜的构造组合。由活动轴面与固定轴面之间滚动面的宽度确定控陷断层F₁在早白垩世南屯期晚期的水平伸展量为6 850 m。贝尔坳陷伸展断层转折褶皱的几何学和运动学特征,反映了断层滑移速率、构造沉降速率和沉积速率对凹陷内沉积地层变形特征的影响和构造活动对沉积作用和油气地质条件的制约。贝尔凹陷南屯组上段内部角度不整合的形成与变形作用中的剥蚀作用和沉积间断无关,而是由于半地堑从略欠补偿充填向过补偿充填状态转变时,沉积速率相对于构造沉降速率显著增加所致。  相似文献   

Bivariate flood frequency analysis using the copula function: a case study of the Litija station on the Sava River   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3       下载免费PDF全文

Mojca Sraj  Nejc Bezak  Mitja Brilly 《水文研究》2015,29(2):225-238

As an alternative to the commonly used univariate flood frequency analysis, copula frequency analysis can be used. In this study, 58 flood events at the Litija gauging station on the Sava River in Slovenia were analysed, selected based on annual maximum discharge values. Corresponding hydrograph volumes and durations were considered. Different bivariate copulas from three families were applied and compared using different statistical, graphical and upper tail dependence tests. The parameters of the copulas were estimated using the method of moments with the inversion of Kendall's tau. The Gumbel–Hougaard copula was selected as the most appropriate for the pair of peak discharge and hydrograph volume (Q‐V). The same copula was also selected for the pair hydrograph volume and duration (V‐D), and the Student‐t copula was selected for the pair of peak discharge and hydrograph duration (Q‐D). The differences among most of the applied copulas were not significant. Different primary, secondary and conditional return periods were calculated and compared, and some relationships among them were obtained. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献