THE ORAL HISTORY OF GEOGRAPHY∗     

《The Professional geographer》2013,65(4):430-435

Book Reviewed in this article:

Latin America: Case Studies. Richard G. Boehm and Sent Visser

Locality and Rurality: Economy and Society in Rural Regions. Tony Bradley And Philip Lowe

The City and the Grassroots. Manuel Castells

Geopolitics and Conflict in South America. Quarrels among Neighbors. Jack Child

Post-Industrial America: A Geographical Perspective. David Clark

Coastal Research: UK Perspectives. Malcolm W. Clark

A Rural Policy for the EEC? Hugh Clout

Peasant Agriculture in Assam: A Structural Analysis. M. M. Das.

Environmental Change and Tropical Geomorphology. I. Douglas and T. Spencer

Advances in Abandoned Settlement Analysis: Application to Prehistoric Anthrosols in Colombia, South America. Robert C. Eidt

Measuring Culture. Jonathan L. Gross and Steve Rayner

North America: A Human Geography. Paul Guinness and Michael Bradshaw

A Geographical Bibliography for American Libraries. Chauncy D. Harris et al.

Geography and the Urban Environment: Progress in Research and Applications, Vol. VI. D. T. Herbert and R. J. Johnston

Changes in Global Climate: A Study of the Effect of Radiation and Other Factors During the Present Century. K. Ya. Kondrat'ev.

Rural Development and the State: Contradictions and Dilemmas in Developing Countries. David A. M. Lea and D. P. Chaudhri

The Martial Metropolis: U.S. Cities in War and Peace. Roger W. Lotchin

The Climate of the Earth. Paul E. Lydolph.

Weather and Climate. Paul E. Lydolph.

Spatial Divisions of Labor: Social Structures and the Geography of Production. Doreen Massey.

Panorama of the Soviet Union. N. Mikhailov.

Soviet Armenia. K. S. Demirchian.

USSR: Geography of the Eleventh Five-Year Plan Period. K. Spidchenko.

Planung und Verwirklichung der Wiener Ringstrassenzone (Planning and Materialization of the Ringstrasse-Zone of Vienna). Kurt Mollik, Hermann Reining, Rudolf Wurzer.

The American West Transformed: The Impact of the Second World War Gerald D. Nash.

An Overview of the Survey of Income and Program Participation. Dawn Nelson, David McMillen, and Daniel Kasprzyk.

Phenomenology, Science and Geography: Spatiality and the Human Sciences. John Pickles.

Biological Diversification in the Tropics. Ghillean T. Prance

Die Wanderviehwirtschaft im gebirgigen Westen der U.S.A. und ihre Auswirkungen im Naturraum. Gisbert Rinschede.

Social and Economic Aspects of Radioactive Waste Disposal: Considerations for Institutional Management

World-Wide Weather. K. Takahashi

Coastal Geomorphology in Australia. B. G. Thom

Settlement System in Rural India: A Case Study of the Lower Ganga-Yamuna Doab. Ram Chandra Tiwari.

Computer Programming for Geographers. David J. Unwin and John A. Dawson.

Late Quaternary Environments of the Soviet Union. A. A. Velichko, ed. H. E. Wright, Jr. and C. W. Barnosky

Ethics in Planning. Martin Wachs  相似文献   

基于GIS的燃气综合管理应用系统研发与实现     

张宏波  姜元军  朱钰卿  李亚丹 《测绘与空间地理信息》2016,(12):158-160

根据我国燃气行业的特点,针对当前燃气行业的业务流程及日常管理中遇到的问题,从智慧管网建设的角度出发,提供燃气行业整体解决方案。研发了燃气综合管理应用系统,包括燃气管网数据管理系统、预警预报系统、抢修维护系统、入户安检系统等。系统涵盖了燃气行业日常工作及管理过程中的各个环节,对燃气输送从门站、调压站(调压柜)到燃气入户等各节点以及输送管网等各环节实时监管,保证各环节安全运行,降低事故发生率,保障公共安全。结合燃气管理主体的业务流程和需求,提升以往燃气行业传统的管理手段,提高企业与相关管理部门的管理与工作效率。  相似文献   

基于家庭区位需求的城市住房价格模拟分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

牛方曲  刘卫东  冯建喜 《地理学报》2016,71(10):1731-1740

目前关于城市住房价格异质性和影响因素研究多侧重于空间位置分析,从城市系统角度刻画住房价格分异现象有待进一步探索。根据“土地利用—交通相互作用理论”,城市空间的发展过程是各类活动通过交通相互作用的过程,本文构建了交通可达性模型,综合全市经济活动空间分布和交通网络评价城市区位条件,并以北京为例,从就业、教育、消费、医疗服务等各方面评价了城市区位条件,在此基础上依据家庭成员结构,模拟分析了家庭区位需求对住房价格的影响。案例研究表明,本模型对房价的模拟可以在全市范围内达到很好的效果;家庭的区位选择决定着住房价格的空间格局;各类活动中就业对北京市房价分布影响最为显著,其次是消费、教育,而医疗服务对住房价格影响相对较弱。此外,本文所提出的模型系统阐述了城市经济活动分布格局对住房价格的影响,经济活动分布发生变化时模拟结果随之变化,因此,本模型可以进一步拓展用于“以业带人”政策实验,模拟分析疏散各类经济活动后住房价格的变化,也为城市房价及土地市场分析研究提供模型方法上的参考。  相似文献   

渭河下游不同类型区农户生活用能排放差异研究     

朱虹颖  吴文恒  杨新军  张敬飒 《地理科学进展》2015,34(2)

不同类型农村地区具有不同的能源消费取向,其造成的用能排放也呈明显的区域差异。研究农户生活用能排放分异,对深刻认识区域发展状况、制定合理的区域用能和环境管理政策具有重要意义。本文选取渭河下游临渭区为研究区,通过问卷调查与访谈方式获取基础数据,采用排放系数法测算平原地区、黄土台塬、秦岭山地的农户生活用能排放,利用灰色关联法识别用能排放差异的影响因素,结果发现:1不同类型地区农户生活用能排放差异显著。沼气比例较大的黄土台塬用能排放最低(1850.43 kg),薪柴为主的秦岭山地用能排放最高(2556.68 kg),多元化用能的平原地区排放居中(1863.20 kg)。2生活用能主要污染物CO2的排放量由平原向台塬、山区依次升高;其余污染物排放量高低,三类地区并无固定顺序:TSP排放秦岭山地居高,固体废弃物排放平原地区居多,这与各类地区主导用能类型相关。3影响用能排放差异的根本原因是区域能源供应能力,亦与区域环境影响下农户特征差异有关,依次为农户年龄结构、文化程度、家庭经济水平和职业结构。  相似文献   

The scale and drivers of carbon footprints in households,cities and regions across India     

《Global Environmental Change》2021

The carbon footprint (CF) has emerged as an important yardstick to understand the total contribution of countries, sectors and individuals to climate change. In contrast to conventional emissions accounting which captures only territorial or local production activities, the CF includes the emissions imposed by consumption across global supply chains for goods and services. Recent interest has grown in the application of CF assessment for municipalities owing to their large contribution to global carbon emissions and the limited coverage of existing data to monitor their climate pledges. By linking household-level consumer surveys to a global supply chain database, spatially-explicit CF assessment is possible at a district and household scale. To date, such technique has exposed otherwise unforeseen differences in consumer carbon footprints in developed countries. Within this study we calculate and compare the household carbon footprints 623 districts in India, based on micro consumption data from 203,313 households and explain their variation by economic, cultural and demographic factors. We show the eradication of extreme poverty does not conflict with ambitious climate change mitigation in India. However, our analysis suggests CF reduction policies within India need to target high-expenditure households which are responsible for nearly seven times the carbon emissions than low-expenditure households (living on $1.9 consumption a day). These vast disparities between the carbon footprint of citizens in India highlights the need to differentiate individual responsibilities for climate change in national and global climate policy.  相似文献   

Exploring Social and Spatial Patterns in Private Vehicle Fuel Efficiency: a case study of Brisbane and Sydney,Australia     

Tiebei Li  Jago Dodson  Neil Sipe 《The Australian geographer》2015,46(2):217-233

Australian cities have seen continued growth in private car travel that has resulted in increasing vehicle energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. While much research has shown that vehicle demand is related to urban spatial structure, very little research has investigated the spatial patterns of private vehicle fuel efficiency (VFE) and its association with socio-spatial circumstances in urban areas. This study has combined State-level motor vehicle registration datasets with standard vehicle efficiency measures that permit a comprehensive understanding of spatial variation of VFE in urban areas. A spatial-based technique was applied to explore intra-urban patterns in socio-spatial conditions of private vehicle efficiency in Brisbane and Sydney. In both cities, the VFE of the private vehicle fleet tends to be lower in outer suburbs than in middle and inner suburbs. The analysis further shows that by linking the standard vehicle efficiency measures to the entire urban fleet datasets the VFE outcome showed a moderate relationship to socio-spatial variables in both cities. The built environment and household economic status are more transferable factors that relate to the VFE across different urban contexts. Outcomes from this research are of relevance to policy makers charged with identifying highly oil-vulnerable communities and designing intervention strategies to improve household vehicle efficiency.  相似文献   

Impact of labor transfer on agricultural land use conversion at rural household level based on Logit model     

Taiyang Zhong  Xiuying Zhang  Xianjin Huang 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2008,18(4):300-307

Since land and labor force are primary resources to be used and controlled by rural households, the allocation of labor forces will influence land uses, and further lead to land use conversion. The present study used the Binary Logit model to investigate the influence of labor force transfer, characteristics of rural households, location, and land market on agricultural land use conversion at rural household level. This study was conducted based on 329 valid questionnaires, which were obtained in Changshu, Rudong, and Tongshan counties, respectively representing the southern, middle and northern areas of Jiangsu Province. The results showed that land market participation, location, zonal difference and labor transfer had strong influences on agricultural land use conversion. The participation of land market had a strong positive effect on land use conversion, especially for the farmland converted to the fishpond. The nearer to the county seat, the more conversion of land use occurred. Particularly, the labor force transfer caused by wage employment decreased this conversion probability, while the labor transfer caused by self-employment led to more conversion; and the increasing of income from labor transfer increased the conversion. Moreover, land use conversions demonstrated zonal difference, which were more in Rudong and Changshu counties than in Tongshan County, and the factors influencing this conversion were different in the three regions.  相似文献   

THE LIVELIHOOD VULNERABILITY OF RURAL HOUSEHOLD IN THE EARTHQUAKE-STRICKEN AREA OF NING'ER,YUNNAN PROVINCE          下载免费PDF全文

WEI Ben-yong  SU Gui-wu  QI Wen-hua  SUN Lei  WU Yang  JIN Yi-fan 《地震地质》2017,39(1):158-171

Strengthening livelihood capacities and making them sustainable is a crucial component of disaster risk reduction. Earthquake disaster not only destroys the whole social production and life system, but also seriously affects the livelihood activities and reduces the livelihood capability of people in the earthquake-hit area. In this paper, taking the stricken area of Ning'erM_S6.4 earthquake in 2007 as an example, we analyzed the livelihood vulnerability of rural household in Yunnan, using the method of questionnaire and on-site interview. The results show that on the whole, the rural household livelihood is much more vulnerable, which would lead to the higher risk of livelihood in Ning'er earthquake-hit area, Yunnan. The main reasons for the higher vulnerability of rural household are the lacks of single or multiple livelihood capitals. Moreover, the livelihood vulnerabilities of rural households with the lacks of human capitals and multiple capitals are the highest. The rural households with the lacks of human capitals and multiple capitals would face much more risk of livelihood. To expand their social capital, raise their cultural quality, increase the ways for living, accelerate household wealth accumulation and improve the level of household buildings are the effective ways of reducing livelihood vulnerability and decreasing the effects of earthquake disaster for local rural households in Ning'er, Yunnan.  相似文献   

Environmental Perception,Sense of Place,and Residence Time in the Okavango Delta,Botswana     

Amelia C. Eisenhart  Kelley A. Crews Meyer  Brian King  Kenneth R. Young 《The Professional geographer》2019,71(1):109-122

Integral to the geographic discipline are cross-cultural analyses, many of which use languages outside of the researcher’s own. There are few analyses, however, that address issues of translation that are inherently geographic; namely, that language is understood as a manifestation of place and culture. This article argues that the results of environmental interviews must be interpreted through a lens that evaluates how the translation of a word, or even a concept, is understood differentially based on one’s sense of place. Interviews were conducted in three of the Etsha villages situated in the Okavango Delta, Botswana, comparing perceptions of changes in both the local area and the flooding regime. Findings show qualitatively and quantitatively how residents perceive environmental change in light of their residential histories and their production of place. These results highlight that environmental change in an area is perceived in the context of previous residences, including the length of time spent in residence and the environmental characterization of that place. The process of interviewing regarding such change, especially when translation is necessary, should therefore proceed by incorporating inquiries about previous residences and the environments of those areas to correctly contextualize environmental change in a particular area.  相似文献   

陇中黄土丘陵区农户收入对退耕还林(草)政策的响应——以龙滩小流域为例     

王子婷  李广  蔡国军  柴春山  张洋东  戚建莉 《中国沙漠》2020,40(1):223-232

退耕还林（草）政策的实施有效改善了陇中黄土丘陵区小流域生态环境、抑制了严重的水土流失,然而,对该区退耕还林（草）政策的实施和交通便利程度对小流域农户收入结构的耦合影响及互馈作用机制尚不清楚。本文选取定西市安定区巉口镇龙滩小流域为研究区,通过问卷调查获取3个区120个农户家庭土地利用情况、经营方式及收入数据,运用方差分析、回归分析和通径分析等方法定量分析交通便利程度和退耕还林比例对农户收入的影响与调控作用。结果表明：退耕还林比例影响了农田面积,进而影响了玉米和马铃薯的种植面积,由此增加了种植业收入,从而导致3个区低比例退耕还林农户收入均高于高比例退耕还林农户收入。同时退耕面积的增加也促使劳动力向非农产业的转移,而交通便利程度影响农户家庭打工人口比例,从而导致Ⅰ（交通便利）区农户的收入显著高于Ⅱ（交通欠发达）和Ⅲ（交通闭塞）区。交通便利程度和退耕还林比例通过农田面积、退耕还林地面积、玉米和马铃薯种植面积及打工人数等影响种植业、劳务输出和退耕还林政策性补助,进而影响流域内农户的收入水平。总之,退耕还林（草）政策的实施影响了陇中黄土丘陵区种植业和劳务输出产业的发展且存在区域差异,而对该区养殖业、林业及副业带动有限。因而,在新一轮退耕还林（草）政策实施之际,该区在加强交通等乡村基础条件建设的同时还需推动林下经济、特色养殖及副业发展,降低农户对种植业和退耕还林政策性补助的依赖,以此实现陇中黄土丘陵区生态和经济的可持续发展,提升农村绿色生产力。  相似文献