Within‐colony variation in skeletal mineralogy of Adeonellopsis sp. (Cheilostomata: Bryozoa) from New Zealand     

Katherine E. Wejnert  Abigail M. Smith 《新西兰海洋与淡水研究杂志》2013,47(4):389-395

Three colonies of the erect, robust branching, cheilostome bryozoan Adeonellopsis sp. were collected from Doubtful Sound, New Zealand, to investigate within‐colony variation in carbonate mineralogy. One‐hundred‐and‐twenty‐one sections from 9 branches were found to contain mostly aragonite, with calcite ranging from 1.1 to 7.3 wt% (mean ± SD = 2.4 ± 1.2 wt%, n = 120). The magnesium (Mg) content in calcite ranged from 5.3 to 13.1 wt% magnesium carbonate (8.8 ± 1.0 wt% MgCO₃; n = 120). Calcite content decreased with increasing age proximally along the branch, indicating that secondary thickening is achieved with aragonite. In contrast, an oscillating trend in Mg content along branches suggests that seasonal or interannual environmental parameters may influence this geochemical parameter. Mineralogical variability highlights the need for multiple samples from the same colony to be measured when determining quantitative carbonate mineralogy in bryozoans. Bimineralic bryozoans such as Adeonellopsis sp. may have lower preservation potential than monomineralic bryozoans, and consequently may not survive diagenesis to become fossils. Bimineralic species may also be more vulnerable to dissolution pressure and possible ocean acidification than monomineralic calcitic taxa.  相似文献   

塔中上奥陶统方解石胶结物类型及其形成环境     

王振宇  ;吴丽  ;张云峰  ;韩剑发  ;张丽娟 《西安地质学院学报》2009,(3):265-271

通过对塔中地区上奥陶统数百块碳酸盐岩薄片和抛光面中各种方解石胶结物特征和成因的观察,并结合微量元素和碳、氧同位素分析,共识别出11种胶结物类型。详细描述了各胶结物的特征,并确定了胶结物的分布和形成次序。在此基础上对该区碳酸盐岩方解石胶结物形成环境进行了分析,共划分出海底成岩环境、大气水成岩环境和埋藏成岩环境。从而为该区孔隙演化史的建立和有利勘探目标预测提供了有力的依据。  相似文献   

方解石脉对中扬子地区沉湖土地堂复向斜油气保存单元的指示意义     

王芙蓉  何生  杨兴业 《矿物岩石》2012,32(1):94-100

野外观测表明,中扬子地区沉湖土地堂复向斜京山县城附近野外露头中二叠系和三叠系方解石脉主要是沿节理缝发育,脉体宽度较小。方解石脉的镜下微观的结晶特征、阴极发光特征、脉体穿插关系可以判断二叠系脉体大约有两期,三叠系脉体大约有三期。碳氧同位素值表明,三叠系方解石脉和围岩的氧同位素差值不大(Δδ18 O的差异范围为-0.19‰～4.12‰,平均值为1.9‰),二叠系方解石脉和围岩氧同位素差异较大(Δδ18 O的差异范围为4.07‰～12.03‰,平均值为7.3‰),三叠系脉体的流体直接来源于围岩,二叠系裂隙中方解石脉的形成过程中可能主要受到有机质的影响。方解石脉体中的流体包裹体均一温度在研究区建立的代表性虚拟井的埋藏史和热史基础上,推测二叠系方解石脉形成深度为3 000m～3 700m,形成深度约为2 000m～3 000m,两套地层中的方解石脉的形成时期为J3—K1燕山构造运动期。中扬子地区在多旋回的沉降和沉积过程中形成的上组合的区域性盖层(中三叠统—下侏罗统的泥质岩)在江汉平原区具有较好的封盖性。  相似文献   

赣南6722铀矿床方解石Sm-Nd等时线年龄及其地质意义     

陈恒  胡瑞忠  毕献武  朱经经  石少华 《矿物学报》2012,(1):52-59

6722热液型铀矿床位于东西向南岭构造和北东向武夷隆起交汇部位的禾草坑铀矿田内。本文利用采集于该矿床花岗岩型矿石中的8件方解石进行Sm-Nd年龄测定,确定了成矿年龄为113.4±6.9 Ma。这期发生在花岗岩中的铀矿化早于隐爆角砾岩中的矿化。我们推测前期花岗岩中的矿化为后期隐爆角砾岩中富矿体的形成提供了预富集。白垩纪时6722矿床所在会昌地区处于岩石圈伸展的地段,伸展作用为铀成矿创造有力条件,岩石圈伸展与铀成矿之间具有良好的对应关系。  相似文献   

Geological and geochemical constraints on genesis of the Liziyuan gold-dominated polymetal deposit,western Qinling orogen,central China     

《International Geology Review》2012,54(16):1944-1966

  相似文献   

阿吾拉勒山琼布拉克铜矿床流体包裹体及碳氧同位素研究   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

罗勇  廖思平  杨武斌  单强  周昌平 《矿床地质》2011,30(3):547-556

琼布拉克铜矿床位于新疆伊宁县境内,前人对该矿床的成因一直存在争议.文章通过对琼布拉克铜矿床方解石中的流体包裹体进行系统的岩相学、显微测温学和碳氧稳定同位素分析研究,探讨了成矿流体的来源及演化.研究表明:琼布拉克铜矿床的流体包裹体主要为气-液两相包裹体,另有少量的气相包裹体,未见富CO2和含子矿物的流体包裹体,显示出张性...  相似文献   

Diagenesis or dire genesis? The origin of columnar spar in tufa stromatolites of central Greece and the role of chironomid larvae     

JULIAN E. ANDREWS  ALAN C. KENDALL 《Sedimentology》2011,58(5):1283-1302

Two Greek Pleistocene tufa stromatolites were examined petrographically and with stable isotope geochemistry to determine whether calcite spar is of primary or diagenetic origin. The younger (ca 100 ka) tufa from Zemeno primarily is micritic, with primary columnar calcite spar restricted to areas immediately above chironomid larval tubes. This relationship suggests that chironomid larval feeding behaviour is responsible for the development of Zemeno tufa columnar calcite, probably involving biological substances smeared onto the tufa surface. Most micritic crystals are not suitably oriented to allow later post‐depositional growth resulting in columnar fabrics. The older (ca 1 Ma) predominantly sparry tufa from Nemea contains some chironomid tubes and organic cyanobacterial filaments preserved in crystal fans but also contains many fabrics found in primary speleothem spar. Columnar spar here is unlikely to be the result of post‐depositional crystal growth. A comparison of stable isotopic trends between the two tufa deposits suggests that both contain interpretable seasonal trends and implies little or minor post‐depositional alteration of either tufa. Consequently, there is no basis for the common assumption that sparry tufa fabrics must be of diagenetic origin.  相似文献   

鄂尔多斯盆地东南部延长组储层成岩体系研究   总被引：8，自引：2，他引：6  

丁晓琪  张哨楠  葛鹏莉  易超 《沉积学报》2011,29(1):97-104

鄂尔多斯盆地东南部延长组具有丰富的油气资源,储集层为一套致密低渗透砂岩,油气的富集与致密低渗透背景下的高效储层有关。通过铸体薄片、背散射、扫描电镜及能谱分析,结合孔、渗测定,认为:①延长组高效储层的形成与绿泥石环边有密切关系,绿泥石环边的出现是三角洲前缘沉积环境、富黑云母的长石砂岩和咸—微咸水的湖泊水体在空间上耦合的产物;②绿泥石环边抵消了一部分埋藏过程中上覆地层的机械压实作用,减缓了由于压实作用而引起的原生孔隙的减低,而且有抑制石英次生加大的作用;③同生期形成的方解石可以使颗粒呈嵌晶接触,形成致密层,但是这部分方解石量小且分布不均匀;④自生石英在纵向上变化明显,封闭体系中形成的SiO2由于绿泥石环边的抑制作用,以雏晶的形式产出;而半封闭体系中形成的SiO2可向上发生运移,在绿泥石环边不连续或欠发育的层段以加大边的形式产出。通过成岩体系研究,可以明确高效储层的形成机理,指导岩性油气藏的勘探。  相似文献   

东天山黑峰山、双峰山及沙泉子(铜)铁矿床的矿物微量和稀土元素地球化学特征   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

黄小文  漆亮  孟郁苗 《矿床地质》2013,32(6):1188-1210

东天山黑峰山铁矿床、双峰山铁矿床以及沙泉子铜铁矿床位于新疆哈密盆地以南,是东天山阿齐山-雅满苏构造带的重要矿床。文章利用磁铁矿、黄铁矿和方解石的微量元素及稀土元素组成示踪了这些矿床的成矿流体来源和性质,初步探讨了矿床的成因类型。激光剥蚀（LA）-ICP-MS磁铁矿微量元素分析表明,三个矿床的磁铁矿具有非常低的w（V）、w（Cr）和w（Ti）（平均分别为68×10^-6、13×10^-6和237×10^-6）,指示磁铁矿形成于热液过程而不是岩浆分异。黄铁矿中较高的Cu含量可能反映了含Cu矿物微颗粒的存在。黄铁矿中较低的Pb、Zn含量可能反映了成矿流体中较低的Pb²⁺和Zn²⁺浓度。黄铁矿中的Co/Ni比值表明这些矿床均为火山-热液成因。三个矿床黄铁矿的稀土元素总量都很低（ΣREE为0.58×10^-6~3.02×10^-6）,黑峰山铁矿中的黄铁矿轻、重稀土元素分馏不明显,双峰山铁矿和沙泉子铜铁矿中的黄铁矿均为轻稀土元素富集型,（La/Yb）_N分别为3.51~13.4和2.76~17.2。三个矿床略有差别的方解石稀土元素配分模式,反映了其流体组成和形成机制的差别。黑峰山铁矿中的重稀土元素富集型的方解石稀土元素配分模式为方解石Sm-Nd定年提供了依据。三个矿床的黄铁矿和方解石均无Ce异常,黑峰山铁矿中的黄铁矿和方解石表现为负Eu异常,而双峰山铁矿和沙泉子铜铁矿中的黄铁矿和方解石表现为正Eu异常,反映了三个矿床均形成于较高的温度,前者成矿流体可能为碱性,后两者成矿流体为酸性、还原性。结合前人研究成果认为,黑峰山铁矿、双峰山铁矿及沙泉子铜铁矿均为火山热液-充填（交代）矿床。  相似文献   

Isotope systematics of secondary minerals from the Prospect Intrusion,New South Wales     

M. L. Williams  P. F. Carr 《Australian Journal of Earth Sciences》2013,60(6):799-806

The differentiated Mesozoic alkali dolerite Prospect Intrusion contains a wide range of secondary minerals, including carbonates (primarily calcite), laumontite, prehnite and heulandite, whose stability relationships imply a formation temperature of <200°C. The δ¹⁸O data for carbonates define a higher temperature (160 – 195°C) suite, and a lower temperature (51 – 73°C) suite. The δ¹³C, δ¹⁸O and ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr isotope systematics for these carbonates suggest derivation of the higher temperature group from magmatic fluids, whereas the other group had a major meteoric component that probably originated from porewater in the country rock. Source fluids for prehnite were meteoric rather than magmatic in origin based on their δD and δ¹⁸O ratios. Early in the intrusion's emplacement, CO₂-rich hydrothermal fluids formed a carbonate rind sealing the upper part of the hydrothermal system and produced the higher temperature carbonates (calcite) and laumontite. Later, cooler fluids with a meteoric component infiltrated vesicles and fractures, depositing the lower temperature carbonates (calcite, aragonite), heulandite and prehnite.  相似文献