耕地撂荒研究进展及启示   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

陈倩茹  谢花林 《资源与生态学报(英文版)》2021,12(2):165-174

本文运用文献计量方法对1992-2019年在Web of Science数据库中发表的耕地撂荒领域的910篇文献进行总量和关键词分析,并根据关键词领域从耕地撂荒监测与制图、驱动力与影响因素、效应评估与权衡三个方面进行主题综述。研究发现:(1)目前撂荒耕地的提取与制图渠道以农户调研与遥感技术为主,结合空间信息的NDVI时间序列撂荒地提取方法具有较高精度;(2)从作用程度、来源、属性三个维度对耕地撂荒的驱动力和影响因素进行归纳,发现耕地边际化是耕地撂荒的根本驱动力,劳动力析出是耕地撂荒的直接驱动力,社会经济因素是主要驱动力;(3)耕地撂荒的环境效应具有空间异质性,时空差异、景观环境、气候、耕种、地形特征均会对耕地撂荒的环境效应起决定作用;耕地撂荒效应权衡主要集中在生态系统服务功能和价值领域,但相关空间背景的作用往往被忽略。在系统梳理现有文献的基础上,本文从开展全国层面的撂荒耕地调查、开展多尺度的撂荒驱动力研究、结合国情开展撂荒效应权衡研究等方面对未来耕地撂荒研究进行展望。  相似文献   

基于分层分区法的中国历史耕地数据的网格化重建     

魏希文  缪丽娟  江源  崔雪锋 《地理学报》2016,71(7):1144-1156

网格化历史耕地数据集能为历史时期耕地变化研究提供更精确的支持,并且为全球环境气候变化研究模型模拟提供驱动数据。本文综合考虑了中国历代土地利用开发的特点及自然人文因子对耕地的影响,设计了一套对中国耕地先分区再分层分配的网格化方法。基于国内3个主流区域耕地数据研究成果,采用上述方法建立了1820年（清仁宗嘉庆二十五年）和1936年（民国二十五年）中国10 km×10 km分辨率的耕地数据集,并绘制了分布图。本文还利用国内具有代表性的区域数据集对重建结果进行对比验证。结果表明,该方法可以保证耕地数量的权威性,并且建立具有区域性的高精度历史耕地数据集。  相似文献   

北宋路域耕地面积重建及时空特征分析   总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2  

何凡能  李美娇  刘浩龙 《地理学报》2016,71(11):1967-1978

基于垦田和户口史料及耕地分布影响因子的分析,本文建立了北宋册载垦田数据的订正方法以及路域耕地分布倾向模型和分配模型,重建了北宋4个时点的路域耕地面积。结果表明：① 北宋开宝九年（976年）、至道三年（997年）、治平三年（1066年）和元丰元年（1078年）的耕地总量分别为468.27×10⁶今亩、495.53×10⁶今亩、697.65×10⁶今亩和731.94×10⁶今亩,百年间耕地面积增加了约2.64亿今亩;垦殖率从开宝九年（976年）的10.8%,增加至元丰元年（1078年）的16.9%,提高了约6个百分点;而人均耕地面积由15.7今亩降至8.4今亩。② 从空间变化特征看,东南地区是北宋土地垦殖发展最快的地区,土地垦殖率增加了约12.0%,北宋中期长江中下游平原局部地区垦殖率高达40%;其次是北方地区,土地垦殖率增加了5.2%,北宋中期黄淮海平原的土地垦殖率也超过了20%;西南地区农业发展相对落后,区域土地垦殖率仅增加1.2%,除成都府路外,各路垦殖率均低于6%。③ 从评估结果看,本文所构建的路域耕地分配模型具有一定的可行性,相对误差绝对值小于20%的路域占总路数的84.2%,结果能较好地反映北宋时期路域耕地面积的时空变化特征。  相似文献   

中国北方典型风沙区土壤碳氮磷化学计量特征   总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3  

孙小东  宁志英  杨红玲  张子谦  李玉霖 《中国沙漠》2018,38(6):1209-1218

研究区域尺度土壤碳（C）、氮（N）、磷（P）化学计量特征与分布格局对于认识陆地生态系统空间格局变化规律及其对全球变化与人类活动的响应具有重要意义。通过文献收集和野外调查,对中国北方典型风沙区表层土壤有机C、全N、全P化学计量特征及其沿经度和纬度的分布格局进行了研究。结果表明：（1）北方典型风沙区表层土壤有机C、全N、全P含量及C：N、C：P和N：P的平均值分别为12.2、1.2、0.8 g·kg^-1及10.1、15.7、1.63,与全国水平相比,具有较低的有机C含量、全N含量、C：P、N：P及较高的全P含量;（2）农田表层土壤有机C、全N、全P含量及C：P显著高于草地表层土壤,C：N和N：P在农田和草地之间无显著差异;（3）北方典型风沙区表层土壤有机C、全N、全P元素间具有一定的耦合关系,但这种耦合关系在草地和农田间存在差异性;（4）北方风沙区草地和农田土壤有机C、全N、全P化学计量特征随纬度的增加呈逐渐增加趋势,除草地全P含量和N：P外,其余指标均与纬度呈线性关系;草地和农田土壤有机C、全N、全P化学计量特征随经度的增加呈先减小后增加的趋势,与经度呈二阶多项式分布关系。  相似文献   

吉林省耕地变化对粮食生产的影响     

何艳芬  张柏  马超群 《地理学报(英文版)》2004,14(1):56-62

1IntroductionThe quantity and quality of cropland guarantees the grain production (Feng, 2000), and the essence of cropland security is food security. Cropland security means the stability of total quantity of cropland, which also means stable quality, potential productivity and regional balance (Feng, 2000). With the development of urbanization and industrialization, more and more cropland is encroached, especially the cropland with great market-value (Cai, 2000; Ge, 2002; Richard, 2002), w…  相似文献   

近10年来中国耕地资源的时空变化分析   总被引：105，自引：5，他引：100  

张国平  刘纪远  张增祥 《地理学报》2003,58(3):323-332

根据中国资源环境数据库中的耕地数据以及20世纪80年代末期、1995年和2000年3期覆盖全国时间跨度约为10年的遥感数据,对中国耕地时空变化进行分析。总趋势表明,近10年来我国耕地资源总量有所增加;东部及沿海地区优质耕地迅速减少;东北地区和内蒙古自治区耕地大量开垦;水田旱地转换明显。利用GIS方法将耕地变化数据与中国生态环境质量数据进行叠加,表明近10年来耕地的生态环境质量下降了。近10年耕地动态变化的空间分布表现出13种动态格局。对80年代末至1995年 (前5年) 和1995年至2000年 (后5年) 这2个时间段内的耕地变化进行对比分析,表明了前5年与后5年耕地变化的动态格局有空间上的相似性,但前后变化幅度相差较明显。近10年来气温的升高与中国水田北移有较好的一致性,而降水的减少对西北地区耕地的撂荒和开垦有明显作用。中国经济的发展所导致的城市化过程使得大量耕地被占用。近10年来相关的耕地政策对控制耕地面积的减少有作用,但耕地的总体质量却下降了,这直接影响了粮食产量。  相似文献   

Monitoring periodically national land use changes and analyzing their spatiotemporal patterns in China during 2015–2020     

Kuang  Wenhui  Zhang  Shuwen  Du  Guoming  Yan  Changzhen  Wu  Shixin  Li  Rendong  Lu  Dengsheng  Pan  Tao  Ning  Jing  Guo  Changqing  Dong  Jinwei  Bao  Yuhai  Chi  Wenfeng  Dou  Yinyin  Hou  Yali  Yin  Zherui  Chang  Liping  Yang  Jiuchun  Xie  Jiali  Qiu  Juan  Zhang  Hansong  Zhang  Yubo  Yang  Shiqi  Sa  Rigai  Liu  Jiyuan 《地理学报(英文版)》2022,32(9):1705-1723

Journal of Geographical Sciences - High-resolution mapping and monitoring of national land use/cover changes contribute significantly to the knowledge of the interaction between human activities...  相似文献   

Patterns and Driving Forces of Cropland Abandonment in Mountainous Areas     

CHEN Shuanglong  SONG Wei  LI Han  LI Han 《资源与生态学报(英文版)》2022,13(3):394-406

Cropland abandonment is spreading from developed countries to developing countries such as China. Cropland abandonment in China commonly occurs in mountainous areas due to their specific natural and geographical conditions. However, due to the lack of dependable monitoring methods via medium-high-resolution remote sensing images, the scale of abandoned cropland in many mountainous areas of China is unclear, and the mechanisms driving cropland abandonment have not been clearly identified. To overcome these limitations, we took Zhong County of Chongqing in China as an example, and used Landsat 8 OLI_TIRS remote sensing image data to develop a method for mapping abandoned cropland in mountainous areas based on annual land use change monitoring. At the same time, the ridge regression method was adopted to analyze the factors influencing cropland abandonment. These analyses showed that the cropland abandonment rate in Zhong County of Chongqing was as high as 7.86%, while the overall accuracy of identifying abandoned cropland was as high as 90.82%. Among the social and economic factors that affect cropland abandonment, the rural population, economic development, and livestock husbandry development were the most important ones. At the land parcel scale, large-scale cropland abandonment occurred in areas at elevations above 650 m or with slopes of more than 15°.  相似文献   

A two-parameter exponential recession model for simulating cropland soil moisture dynamics     

Songhao Shang  Xiaomin Mao 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2014,24(5):575-586

To simulate the soil moisture variation in cropland, a two-parameter exponential recession model was derived to depict the recession process of soil moisture in the root zone. The model is based on the assumption that the recession rate of soil water is propor- tional to the potential evapotranspiration rate and the difference of soil water content and steady soil water content. Two parameters in this model are soil texture-dependent recession constant and steady soil water content. The model was calibrated and validated with measured soil water data at two experiment sites in North China with different soil textures and cropping systems. Coefficients of de- termination between measured and model simulated soil water content were all greater than 0.7, indicating that both models gave satis- factory simulation results. Results showed that values of two parameters mentioned above are both larger for finer soil than those for coarser soil. At the same potential evapotranspiration rate and soil water content, the recession rate of finer soil is usually lower than that of coarser soil. The proposed model can be used in irrigation management to predict approximate date for irrigation, as well as be em- bedded into watershed hydrological models to estimate the antecedent precipitation index.  相似文献   

Modelling the impacts of cropland displacement on potential cereal production with four levels of China’s administrative boundaries     

YANG Bohan  SHENG Siyu  KE Xinli  DAI Xianhua  LU Xinhai 《地理学报(英文版)》2023,33(1):18-36

Cropland displacement, as an important characteristic of cropland change, places more emphasis on changes in spatial location than on quantity. The effects of cropland displacement on global and regional food production are of general concern in the context of urban expansion. Few studies have explored scale-effects, however, where cropland is displaced not only within, but also outside, the administrative boundary of a certain region. This study used a spatially explicit model (LANDSCAPE) to simulate the potential cropland displacement caused by urban land expansion from 2020 to 2040 at four scales of the Chinese administration system (national, provincial, municipal, and county levels). The corresponding changes in potential cereal production were then assessed by combining cereal productivity data. The results show that 4700 km² of cropland will be occupied by urban expansion by 2040, and the same amount of cropland will be supplemented by forest, grassland, wetland, and unused land. The potential loss of cropland will result in the loss of 3.838×10⁶ tons of cereal production, and the additional cropland will bring 3.546×10⁶ tons, 3.831×10⁶ tons, 3.836×10⁶ tons, and 3.528×10⁶ tons of potential cereal production in SN (national scale), SP (provincial scale), SM (municipal scale), and SC (county scale), respectively. Both SN and SC are observed to make a huge difference in cereal productivity between the lost and the supplemented cropland. We suggest that China should focus on the spatial allocation of cropland during large-scale displacement, especially at the national level.  相似文献