Anglo Intrusion on the Old Sangre de Cristo Land Grant     

Jeffrey S. Smith 《The Professional geographer》1999,51(2):170-183

Positioned on the northern edge of the Hispano homeland, the southern portion of the old Sangre de Cristo Land Grant (present-day Costilla County, Colorado) provides an interesting empirical study of cultural change. After economically displacing Spanish-American residents from villages throughout the homeland's core, incoming Anglos have adopted the region's rich Spanish culture as their own. On the homeland's periphery, however, the cultural traditions of Hispanos and Anglos have been, for the most part, at odds. Most resident Hispanos desire to maintain ties to their traditional past, while the younger generations embrace Anglo cultural norms. Considering the vital role it plays in the maintenance of culture, religion provides a window to the study area's modified cultural environment. In 1900 the population in this region was predominantly Catholic Hispano; by 1990 Protestant-dominated Anglos comprised a sizeable proportion of the population. Comparisons are made between traditional Hispano and Anglo-influenced religious landscapes. Changes in church affiliation, the distribution of active Penitente moradas, and the characteristics of community cemeteries demonstrate ongoing cultural change. Geographically isolated communities, where Anglo intrusion is limited, retain their strong Hispano cultural integrity.  相似文献   

Grid-group cultural theory: an introduction   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Virginie Mamadouh 《GeoJournal》1999,47(3):395-409

This article offers an introduction to grid-group cultural theory (also known as grid-group analysis, Cultural Theory or theory of socio-cultural viability), an approach that has been developed over the past thirty years in the work of the British anthropologists Mary Douglas and Michael Thompson, the American political scientist Aaron Wildavsky, and many others. This assessment begins with a presentation of the main claims of the theory, distinguishing two characteristic breads of grid-group cultural theory, in the one it is conceived as a heuristic device, in the other it is seen as a full explanatory theory. This brief is followed by a discussion of the typology generated by the theory. This includes a presentation of the two dimensions of sociality it posits, the cultural map they produce, as well as the four (or five) cultural types derived from them and their designations. The article proceeds with a discussion of key issues including the incorporation of other typologies (such as the one developed to analyse myths of nature), the relations between cultures or rationalities and several methodological issues. Finally the article introduces the contributions to this special issue of the GeoJournal. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

The post-industrialising city: political perspectives and cultural biases     

Frank Hendriks 《GeoJournal》1999,47(3):425-432

Many Western cities face marked changes that are associated with post-industrialisation of the urban environment. In this article, four political perspectives on the threats and opportunities associated with post-industrialisation are discussed: liberal productivism; communitarianism; institutional perfectionism and participative democracy. In cultural terms these four approaches appear to be remarkably biased. As such, they are unlikely to match the complicated, confusing and unpredictable processes that are taking place in Western cities. The complexities of post-industrialisation demand cultural variety in the public domain. This, in turn, requires connectivity and openness in the institutions that structure urban politics and urban policy making. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

VCS柱状采样及其在中国太湖富营养化评价中的应用     

李万春  濮培民  召古裕士 《湖泊科学》1998,10(S1):585-589

The lake sediments, especially in recent years, genuinely record human being''s activities upon the lake environment. The top 30cm sections are of significance in the process of advanced cultural eutrophication and water quality deterioration. Based on the data of 4 core sam-ples obtained in June 19-22, 1997, with VCS in northern, western and southern Taihu Lake, some preliminary results are reported. Further analyses on the physico-chemical items as well as element content may reveal more information of the accelerating cultural eutrophication.  相似文献   

Methodology for practical seismic assessment of unreinforced masonry buildings with historical value          下载免费PDF全文

Stylianos I. Pardalopoulos  Stavroula J. Pantazopoulou 《地震工程与结构动力学》2017,46(15):2793-2810

Historical constructions are part of the world heritage, and their survival is an important priority. Comprising mostly unreinforced, load‐bearing masonry, heritage buildings may date anywhere from antiquity to the 19th and early 20th century. Being exposed to the elements over the years, they are in various states of disrepair and material degradation. Based on postearthquake reconnaissance reports, these structures occasionally behave rather poorly, even in moderate seismic events, undergoing catastrophic damage and collapse, whereas retrofitting is governed by international conventions regarding noninvasiveness and reversibility of the intervention. The complexity of their structural systems (continuous structural components, lack of diaphragm action, material brittleness, and variability) challenges the established methods of condition assessment of preretrofitted and postretrofitted heritage constructions. The most advanced state of the art in materials and analysis tools is required, far more complex than with conventional buildings. Thus, an assessment procedure specifically geared to this class of structures is urgently needed, in order to assist engineers in this endeavor. The objective of this paper is the development of a performance‐based assessment framework that is palatable to practitioners and quite accurate in seismic assessment of unreinforced masonry buildings with no diaphragm action. The underlying theoretical background of the method is illustrated with reference to first principles: global demand is obtained from the design earthquake scenario for the region, using empirical estimates for the prevailing translational period of the system; deformation demands are localized using an approximation to the translational 3‐D shape of lateral response, estimated using a uniform gravitational field in the direction of action of the earthquake; acceptance criteria are specified in terms of relative drift ratios, referring to the in‐plane and the out‐of‐plane action of the masonry piers. The quantitative accuracy of the introduced procedure is evaluated through comparison with detailed time‐history dynamic analysis results, using a real life example case study. Qualitative relevance of the results is evaluated through comparison of the location and extent of anticipated damage estimated from the proposed assessment procedure, with reported records of the building damages that occurred during a significant past earthquake event.  相似文献   

The influence of structural organization of epilithic and endolithic lichens on limestone weathering          下载免费PDF全文

Mariagrazia Morando  Katrin Wilhelm  Enrica Matteucci  Luca Martire  Rosanna Piervittori  Heather A. Viles  Sergio Enrico Favero‐Longo 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2017,42(11):1666-1679

Hyphal penetration, mineral dissolution and neoformation at the lichen–rock interface have been widely characterized by microscopic and spectroscopic studies, and considered as proxies of lichen deterioration of stone substrates. However, these phenomena have not been clearly related to experimental data on physical properties related to stone durability, and the physical consequences of lichen removal from stone surfaces have also been overlooked. In this study, we combine microscopic and spectroscopic characterization of the structural organization of epi‐ and endolithic lichens (Caloplaca marina (Wedd.) Du Rietz, Caloplaca ochracea (Schaer.) Flagey, Bagliettoa baldensis (A.Massal.) Vězda, Porina linearis (Leight.) Zahlbr., Verrucaria nigrescens Pers.) at the interface with limestones of interest for Cultural Heritage (Portland Limestone, Botticino Limestone), with analysis of rock properties (water absorption, surface hardness) relevant for durability, before and after the removal or scraping of lichen thalli. Observations using reflected‐light and electron microscopy, and Raman analyses, showed lichen–limestone stratified interfaces, differing in the presence/absence and depth of lichen anatomical layers (lithocortex, photobiont layer, pervasive and sparse hyphal penetration component) depending on species and lithology. Specific structural organizations of lichen–rock interface were found to be associated with differential patterns of water absorption increase, evaluated by Karsten tube, in comparison with surfaces with microbial biofilms only, even more pronounced after the removal or scraping of the upper structural layers. Equotip measurements on surfaces bearing intact thalli showed lower hardness in comparison with control surfaces. By contrast, after the removal or scraping procedures, Equotip values were similar to or higher than those of controls, suggesting that the increasing open porosity may be related to a biogenic hardening process. Such counterposed patterns of porosity increase and hardening need to be considered when models relating lichen occurrence on limestones and biogeomorphological surface evolution are proposed, and to evaluate the consequences of lichen removal from stone‐built cultural heritage. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

新疆非物质文化遗产分布特征及旅游活化机制研究          下载免费PDF全文

王立明  陆亦农  李啸虎  刘旭玲 《干旱区地理》2022,45(6):1968-1977

以新疆非物质文化遗产资源为研究对象,基于实地调研与文献史料,系统分析了新疆非遗旅游活化发展现状、模式及存在的问题,并运用GIS空间分析技术探索新疆非遗的空间分布特征,借助SPSS软件探析了非遗与旅游发展之间的相关关系,进而归纳了非遗旅游活化发展的机制与模式。结果表明：（1） 新疆非遗资源类型结构、数量分布具有较为显著的差异化特征。新疆非遗旅游活化发展态势良好,且活化模式逐渐多元化。（2） 国家级非遗与自治区级非遗在省域空间层面以极核区、高度密集区、次级密集区和面状区域为主要分布特征,呈现出不均衡的集聚特征格局。（3） 不同地区的非遗资源丰裕度对旅游业发展有显著的正向影响,非遗资源密集地区的旅游业发展水平相对较好,而非遗资源稀缺地区的旅游发展相对缓慢。依据上述分析结果,提出新疆非遗旅游活化发展机制,以旅游为载体对文化遗产进行活化,推动非遗与旅游的良性互动发展。  相似文献   

基于三维激光扫描技术在崖墓保护中的应用     

冯仕超  郭兴平  韩彦伟  裴志 《地理空间信息》2022,20(2):57-59

以满城汉墓中山靖王墓室为例,利用三维激光扫描技术对古代崖墓进行扫描建模研究,获得了墓室真实尺寸的三维彩色模型,研究所制定的流程方案为今后开展类似研究提供了参考依据.  相似文献   

粤港澳区域文化综合体形成刍议   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

许桂灵  司徒尚纪 《地理研究》2006,25(3):495-506

区域文化综合体作为文化存在的一种空间形式,由文化景观结构、文化区域结构和文化中心等有机结合而成。本文根据文化梯度概念,运用文化空间演化的原理和方法,在分析粤港澳文化形成的地缘、史缘、族缘关系及其文化作用的基础上,阐述珠江三角洲广府文化核心区、香港区域文化、澳门区域文化形成的历史演变过程及各自特质和风格,通过三地长期文化互动,包括城市建筑、风俗、语言、文学艺术、思想、宗教、价值观念等文化要素不断交流、碰撞和创新,形成以中西文化交融和三地空间有机结合,穗港澳三个文化中心并立为特征的区域文化综合体。  相似文献