2006年北京一次持续浮尘天气过程的分析     

段海霞  李耀辉 《干旱气象》2007,23(3):48-53

使用NCEP/NCAR再分析资料对2006年4月7~11日北京浮尘天气过程的持续性进行分析,指出此次浮尘天气过程主要受500 hPa西西伯利亚冷涡、鄂霍次克海暖高压以及青藏高原高压脊影响;700 hPa有干冷空气不断向北京地区输送,冷平流和斜压性都很强,大风和沙尘暴发生在强冷平流区域;由于华北南部地区近地面至中低层存在弱的不稳定层结,容易产生弱的上升运动。在近地面低压前部偏东风的作用下将沙尘粒子向北京地区输送,北京地区上空大气在中低层基本处于中性或不稳定层结状态,沙尘粒子不易在北京上空沉降,造成较长时间的浮尘天气。  相似文献   

春末初夏异常环流对云南雨季开始期的影响     

刘瑜  赵尔旭  黄玮  朱勇  陶云 《干旱气象》2007,23(3):17-22

通过小波分析表明云南目前处于雨季开始期偏早的年代际变化中。2006(2005)年是云南雨季开始特早(晚)的异常年,把这2个雨季开始期相反的极端异常年进行对比分析,发现云南雨季偏早(晚)的4月主要环流特征差异是:200 hPa对流层东西风交界线比多年平均偏北(南);500 hPa中高纬环流有(不)利于冷空气南下;850 hPa北印度洋赤道纬向西风较常年偏强(弱),孟加拉湾南部苏门答腊岛附近的对流较常年偏强(弱)。  相似文献   

用干振挤密碎石桩加固厚矸石地基     

李运山 《安徽地质》1999,(2)

用矸石回填煤矿塌陷区,采用干振挤密碎石桩加固地基,可以作为工业与民用建筑用地,既节约土地,又减少环境污染。是煤矿塌陷区综合治理的一条很好途径。  相似文献   

不同类型沙漠化土地差不嘎蒿种群热值研究     

朴顺姬  潮洛蒙  刘新文  宋明华 《中国沙漠》1999,19(Z1):82-87

在科尔沁固定、半固定及流动沙地上,测定了沙地植被的主要建群植物——差不嘎蒿种群及其无性系构件的热值,得出如下结论:①差不嘎蒿植物种群干物质热值表现为:Q₁^固定沙地 > Q₁^{半固定沙地} > Q₁^流动沙地,且固定沙地和半固定沙地极显著地高于流动沙地。②差不嘎蒿植物种群所有构件的有机干物质比无显著性差异,干物质热值和去灰分热值的变化趋势基本一致,Q₁^固定沙地 > Q₁^{半固定沙地}≥Q₁^流动沙地,Q₂^固定沙地 > Q₂^{半固定沙地} ≥ Q₂^流动沙地。③差不嘎蒿植物种群各发育时期干物质热值、去灰分热值和有机干物质比表现出不同程度的差异。一般干物质热值表现为:Q₁^营养体 > Q₁^生殖枝 > Q₁^生殖枯枝。④营养体不同龄枝去灰分热值在固定沙地随枝龄的增加而显著地提高,流动沙地则随着枝龄的增加而显著地下降;半固定沙地介于两者之间,表现为中龄枝的去灰分热值显著地高于其它龄枝。⑤差不嘎蒿植物种群同一构件的有机干物质比与去灰分热值的相关性,除四龄枝外,其它各构件基本上表现为正相关,尤其是三龄枝最为典型;分析同一生境中处于不同发育状态的有机干物质比和去灰分热值呈现出负相关性,尤以固定沙地最为典型。  相似文献   

Holocene environmental changes in the Gebel Umm Hammad, Eastern Desert, Egypt     

Jan Moeyersons  Pierre M. Vermeersch  Hans Beeckman  Philip Van Peer 《Geomorphology》1999,26(4):818

Gebel Umm Hammad in the Red Sea Mountains east of Quseir, Egypt, today enjoys small but irregular amounts of winter rain, enabling the widening of joint controlled openings in the Thebes Limestone. Cavities are especially affected by flaking, while rock fragmentation is more active on the outside. The sedimentological and botanical study of fan deposits at the outlet of a karstic shaft in the Tree Shelter showed the local Holocene environmental evolution. Three periods of different degree of aridity can be considered: (i) Before 8120±45 BP (UtC-5389), bedload aggradation points to rare but occasionally heavy rains, lasting for several hours, attaining intensities of more than 76 mm/h and covering some 20 km². Wadi flash floods occasionally attained bankfull stage. (ii) Since 8120±45 BP (UtC-5389), such heavy rains have not occurred in the Egyptian Red Sea Mountains. Instead, a more moderate but maybe wetter precipitation regime was established. The karstic shafts were active, and there was water and life in the desert. Two humid pulses can be distinguished within this period. The first occurs at ±8000 BP, the second between 6630±45 (GrN-22560) and 6770±60 BP (GrN-22562). (iii) After the last wet culmination, there was a gradual shift to drier conditions. Shortly after ±5000 BP, modern climatic conditions are believed to have been attained. Today, the occasional rain storms are less heavy than before ±8000 BP. Bankfull stage river floods do not occur. Instead, secondary channels are eroded in the wadi beds. The general arid character during the whole period and the inherent local and temporal variations in precipitation patterns might explain apparent aberrations between the palaeoenvironmental evolution of the Tree Shelter site and other remote study areas in Egypt and Sudan.  相似文献   

Image analysis as a method to quantify sediment components   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

G. Petterson  B.V. Odgaard  I. Renberg 《Journal of Paleolimnology》1999,22(4):443-455

Varved lake sediments, with their annual to seasonal resolution, have a high potential for inferring past environmental and climatic conditions. To fully utilize the information present in varved records, high-resolution analyses, which often are time-consuming and difficult to perform, are desirable. The investigation reported here aims at (i) developing image analysis as a method for estimating annual accumulation rates of sediment components such as minerogenic matter, organic matter and biogenic silica, and (ii) assessing the relative importance of these components for changes in varve thickness. Image analysis was used to digitize the grey-scale variations and to measure the varve thickness of 540 varves (476-1015 AD) from Lake Kassjön in northern Sweden. From the 35 cm long digitized sediment sequence, 108 consecutive five-year samples were cut out quantitatively, and relationships between grey-scale variations and sediment dry mass and individual sediment components were assessed. There is a strong correlation between corrected grey-scale (i.e. the product of grey-scale and varve thickness) and the dry mass accumulation rate (r = 0.90, p < 0.001). With a stepwise multiple regression a significant model (R² = 0.81) between corrected grey-scale and the accumulation rates of minerogenic matter (r = 0.90, p < 0.001) and biogenic silica (r 0.26, p < 0.012) was obtained. Considering the minor contribution and weak significance of biogenic silica, image analysis can be used as a fast and non-destructive method to infer past annual accumulation rates of dry mass and minerogenic matter in Kassibn. The model of the relationship between changes in varve thickness, and water content and accumulation rates of sediment components has little predictive power (R² = 0.45). The result shows that the varve thickness in Kassjön, at least during the period 476-1015 AD, is not determined by a single sediment component but partly depends on interactions between the major sediment components.  相似文献   

水稻旱育抛秧高产特征及其机制的数值模拟研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

何海燕  管绍好 《南京气象学院学报》1999,22(1):39-46

用１９９６、１９９７年的分期播种田间试验资料,建立进育抛秧发育期模型和产量构成因子模型,包括茎蘖动态模型、千粒重增长模型,每穗实粒数模型,分析高产特征及机制。结果指出,水稻抛秧移栽与手插移栽相比,移栽迟滞期短,群体茎蘖２数粳稻高１６％,汕稻高２３％;千粒重,粳稻低１％,灿稻高９％;每穗实数无区别;部产量,粳稻高１６％,灿稻高９％。抛栽秧苗随机均匀分布,入土深度较浅,从而营造了合理的群体结构提高了产  相似文献   

THE STUDY ON EDDY TRANSPORT OF WATER VAPOR OVER SOUTH CHINA   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

高绍凤  陆汉城 《热带气象学报(英文版)》1999,5(2):199-207

Water vapor transport is decomposed into mean transport and eddy transport. Analysis of water vapor over South China during the first flood season of 1994 shows that difference between season mean transport and season total transport is less than 10%. For the monthly and ten-day averages, the difference is above it.The transient transport of water vapor is the least among all kinds of eddy transport. its amount is only ±2% of total transpoft for column. The constant wave transport is the Iapest Sometimes it may be 1-6 times of total transport.  相似文献   

云南雨季早迟的气候特征分析   总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12  

刘瑜 《气象》2000,26(7):45-49

分析了１００ｈＰａ南亚高压的变化、５００ｈＰａ位势高度距平特征与云南雨季开始期早晚的对应关系,归纳总结了Ｅｌ Ｎｉｎｏ和Ｌａ Ｎｉｎａ事件与西南季风建立、雨季迟早的联系,提出了云南雨季开始早迟的预报思路。  相似文献   

黄河调水调沙期间黄河入海水沙的扩散与通量   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

毕乃双  杨作升  王厚杰  范德江  季有俊 《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2010,(2)

以2007年夏季黄河调水调沙期间黄河三角洲海域3断面连续站及渤海南部24个大面站观测的流场、温度、盐度及含沙量资料为依据,分析了调查区水沙扩散特征,计算了各连续站的拉格朗日余流及泥沙输送单宽通量。结果表明,黄河入海泥沙扩散范围非常有限,主要分布在南至莱州湾西南部、北至北纬38°附近离岸约20km以内的带状沿岸区域;但黄河冲淡水出现大面积扩散,覆盖了整个莱州湾的北部和中部,最远可至龙口附近,黄河入海水沙扩散不同步。在现行河口和钓口流路废弃河口存在两个高浓度泥沙中心,分别对应于黄河入海泥沙和废弃钓口流路海域底质再悬浮产生的两个泥沙来源。河口及三角洲近岸切变锋的阻隔及辐聚作用,是大部分黄河入海泥沙沉积在河口及沿岸13m水深以内的主要动力因素。受余流方向及水体垂向湍动较弱的影响,两个高浓度泥沙中心很少有泥沙交换。冲淡水的大面积扩散主要受表层余环流的影响。余流及悬浮泥沙通量计算显示,夏季黄河入海水沙在近岸主要向东北方向扩散。  相似文献