Conversion of Kinetic Energy from Synoptic Scale Disturbance to Low-Frequency Fluctuation over the Yangtze River Valley in the Summers of 1997 and 1999     

李跃风 《大气科学进展》2007,24(4):591-598

In order to investigate the conversion of kinetic energy from a synoptic scale disturbance （SSD; period≤seven days） to a low-frequency fluctuation （LFF; period〉seven days）, the budget equation of the LFF kinetic energy is derived. The energy conversion is then calculated and analyzed for the summers of 1997 and 1999. The results show that the energy conversion from the SSD to the LFF is obviously enhanced in the middle and lower troposphere during the heavy rainfall, suggesting this to be one of mechanisms inducing the heavy rainfall, although the local LFF kinetic energy may not be enhanced.  相似文献   

湖平面升降对浅水三角洲前缘砂体形态的影响   总被引：7，自引：4，他引：3  

楼章华  蔡希源 《沉积学报》1998,16(4):27-31

三角洲平原上的分流河道通过填积和湖面的频繁波动向湖泊中心方向长距离推进,在浅水三角洲前缘的浅水区发育很有特色的水下分流河道,且在湖面频繁波动过程中,河流、波浪和沿岸流的冲刷作用对沉积物分布起到再改造作用,导致了以水下分流河道砂体为主的三角洲前缘砂体不同程度的席状化。随着气候变得潮湿,湖面相对稳定,季节性、周期性湖面波动的频率、幅度减小,水动力对三角洲前缘砂体的改造和席状化强度减弱。  相似文献   

柴达木盆地东缘晚更新世气候变化的（古）土壤发生记录   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3  

郝永萍  方小敏 《地理科学》1998,18(3):249-254

柴达木盆地东缘典型剖面（古）土壤及其黄土线质的宏观特征和理化分析表明,本区晚更新世以来气候曾有几次较大的波动,反映了全球冰量影响的气候波动以及东亚季风气候的强弱变化特征。揭示出气候变化过程中温度和降水并不同步,温度主要受地球轨道变化引起的太阳辐射的影响;降水则主要取决于冬、夏季风的浊弱对比关系,夏季风盛行时,降水丰沛。间冰段古土壤Ｓｍ的土壤发生特征和强度,揭示了除低温引起的蒸发减少外,降水丰沛也是  相似文献   

Correspondence analysis of water quality data: Implications for fauna deaths at Stillwater Lakes, Nevada     

Susan G. Oleson  James R. Carr 《Mathematical Geology》1990,22(6):665-698

Over the last 2 years, more than seven million fish and 16,000 birds have died from drought-induced disease and suspected poisoning at Stillwater Lakes, Nevada. Correspondence analysis of water samples taken in June and September 1986, from lakes and reservoirs near Stillwater Lakes and four background lakes/reservoirs (not associated with fauna disease and death), is attempted to investigate the correlation among sites associated with fauna deaths. This analysis identifies high correlation between some Stillwater Lakes sites and boron. A correlation between boron and arsenic is also identified. Leaching and transport of toxins to the Stillwater Lakes system is one hypothesis to explain the wildlife deaths. Other hypotheses include the direct introduction of toxins by groundwater associated with geothermal activity. A natural cause for the wildlife deaths is also suggested, a cause not associated with the introduction of toxins.  相似文献   

日粮水平对周期性变温模式下刺参生长和能量收支的影响   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  

安振华  董云伟  董双林 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2008,38(5)

变温对不同水生生物生长的影响有所不同,对部分种类具有明显的促进作用,而由于种类或温度设置等差异,研究结果各有差异.刺参(Apostichopus japonicus)在生长和生理水平上对一定程度上的符合自然水域温度波动曲线的周期性变温具有积极响应,作者研究在2个变温平均温度(均温15,18 ℃),5个日粮水平(饥饿;0.3%初始体重;0.6%初始体重;0.9%初始体重;1.4%初始体重)下刺参幼参的生长、摄食和能量收支.结果表明,在饱食条件下,刺参在变温条件下生长率高于相应的恒温对照,(15±3) ℃下差异达到显著水平.在各日粮条件下,(15±3) ℃下刺参的生长率均高于(18±3) ℃下对应日粮组.随日粮水平的升高,食物吸收率(FI)和食物转化率(FCE)显著升高.食物转化率变温组均大于恒温处理组,且在均温15 ℃下变温组显著高于恒温组(P<0.05).在能量分配模式中呼吸能占比例最大,且随变温均温升高而显著增加,是造成不同温度下刺参生长率变化的主要因素之一.在(15±3) ℃和(18±3) ℃下,刺参以能量表示的维持日粮值分别为0.39%和0.51%,与相关资料报道的恒温状态下维持日粮相比,一定程度上的变温并不会提高刺参的维持代谢.  相似文献   

Effects of salinity fluctuation amplitudes on growth, osmolarity, Na＋-K＋-ATPase activity and Hsp70 of juvenile Chinese shrimp Fenneropenaeus chinensis Osbeck     

丁森  王芳  董双林  高勤峰 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2009,27(4):723-728

The effects of various salinity fluctuation amplitudes (2, 4, 6 and 8) on the growth, osmolarity, Na⁺-K⁺-ATPase activity and Hsp70 of juvenile Fenneropenaeus chinensis cultured in seawater with a salinity of 20 were studied. The results show that weight gain in the salinity fluctuation treatments was better than that in control; in particular, the weight gain of treatments S4 and S0, at 231.8% and 196.3%, respectively, was significantly different (P<0.05). The hemolymph osmolarity of treatments S0, S2, S4, S6 and S8 was 635.4, 630.8, 623.6, 614.4 and 600.3 mOsm/kg, respectively, and decreased with increasing salinity fluctuation amplitude. The level of Na⁺-K⁺-ATPase activity in gills of F. chinensis was higher than that in hepatopancreas, but there were no significant differences among all treatments, either in gills or hepatopancreas (P>0.05). The relative level of Hsp70 in treatment S4 was 48.4% and 40.4% higher than control in muscle and eyestalks, respectively, with the highest values being recorded under a salinity fluctuation amplitude of 4.  相似文献   

Effects of Salinity Fluctuation Frequency on the Growth, Molting Rate and Hemolymph 20-Hydroxyecdysone Concentration in Juvenile Chinese shrimp, Fenneropenaeus chinensis     

DING Sen  WANG Fang  SUN Hao  DONG Shuanglin 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2009,8(3)

This experiment was conducted to examine the effects of salinity fluctuation frequency on the growth, molting rate and hemolymph 20-hydroxyecdysone (20-HE) concentration for juvenile Fenneropenaeus chinensis with an initial wet body weight of 1.115 g±0.012 g. The salinity of the control treatment (represented by D0) was 28 throughout the experiment, whereas treatments D2,D4, D6 and D8 were subjected to different salinity fluctuation frequencies of 2, 4, 6 and 8d, respectively. The range of salinity fluctuation was 4. The salinity in treatments D2, D4, D6 and D8 was kept at 28 for 2, 4, 6 and 8d, respectively; each original salinity was decreased abruptly to salinity 24, which first lasted for another 2d and was then raised to its initial value 28. This constituted a salinity fluctuation cycle and afterwards the cycle repeated. It was found that: 1) The weight gain of shrimp in treatment D4 was 202.9% and significantly higher than that in treatment D0 (P<0.05). The molting rate in treatment D2 was the lowest, while that in treatment D6 was the highest and significantly higher than those in treatments D0 and D2 (P<0.05). 2) The hemolymph 20-HE concentration of shrimps in all treatments was at low levels and increased first gradually during the inter-molt period and then increased sharply. It reached a peak value during the pre-molt stage, and then decreased abruptly during the post-molt stage when the lowest level occurred. 3) During the post-molt stage, the hemolymph 20-HE concentration in treatment D2 was 7.47pgμL-1 and significantly higher than that in treatment D0(P<0.05). There were, however, no significant differences in hemolymph 20-HE concentration among all five treatments during the inter-molt stage (P>0.05). During the pre-molt stage, the hemolymph 20-HE concentration in treatment D6 was significantly higher than that in treatment D0(P<0.05), whereas the hemolymph 20-HE concentration in treatment D2 was significantly lower than that in other treatments (P<0.05). Adequate salinity fluctuation promoted the molting rate through increasing hemolymph 20-HE concentration at the pre-molt stage.  相似文献   

用于测量圆顶视宁度的微温脉动仪的研制     

王红帅  李志  刘威卫 《天文研究与技术》2010,7(1)

为评价云南天文台丽江2.4m望远镜的圆顶视宁度,研制了一种能测量温度、气压和微温脉动的仪器。在天文圆顶附近,望远镜前方光路上,放置几组微温传感器,可以测得圆顶附近影响天文观测的湍流强度的分布情况。介绍了这套仪器的基本原理,电路设计,程序设计,实验定标以及一个简单的测试。  相似文献   

洞庭盆地中更新世洞庭湖组砾石特征及其意义   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

陈建成  柏道远  李长安  周柯军  黄文义  陈渡平 《华南地质与矿产》2010,(4):16-22

对位于洞庭盆地安乡凹陷东南部的两护村ZKC1孔中更新世洞庭湖组砾石层进行了粒度和砾态的统计分析。结果表明,砾石的粒度变化反映出2个较大尺度的由大→小的旋回,早旋回由洞庭湖组下段砂砾层组成,晚旋回由洞庭湖组中段上部的砂砾层组成,反映出中更新世早-中期安乡凹陷的两次由慢→快的幕式沉降过程。在上述2个大的粒度旋回之上,叠加有多个更小尺度的砾石粗、细变化,主要与气候干湿的频繁波动有关。洞庭湖组中段顶部砾石的磨圆度明显偏低,反映其沉积时期盆地沉降和周缘隆起区抬升活动的增强。  相似文献   

Pattern of abrupt climatic fluctuation in the East Asian Monsoon during the Last Glacial: Evidence from Chinese loess records     

Guan Qing Yu  Pan Bao Tian  Li NaLi Qiong  Zhang JundiGao Hongshan  Liu Jia 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2010,342(3):189-196

Records of two loess sections located in mid-eastern and western margins of the East Asian Monsoon area captured 20 Dansgaard-Oescher events and six Heinrich events. All these suggested that the climate in the East Asian Monsoon area fluctuated rapidly on millennial to century timescales during the whole Last Glacial. We found that these loess-based events of rapid climate fluctuations were generally synchronous with those of GRIP records, but that there were differences between the Shagou loess section in the west and the Wangguan loess section in the east: the former was more sensitive to climate change than the latter. Compared with earlier studies on loess records covering the Last Glacial from neighboring areas, we discovered that the magnitude of Dansgaard-Oeschger cycles decreased gradually from west to east and we suggest that it resulted from the combined effect of the Westerlies and the East Asian Monsoon.  相似文献