A new definition of strong motion duration and related parameters affecting the response of medium–long period structures     

Ioannis M. Taflampas  Constantine C. SpyrakosIoannis A. Koutromanos 《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2009

This study presents a new definition of the strong motion duration combining the alternative bracketed and significant duration definitions. Based on the time integral of the absolute ground velocity, a new index is defined, as cumulative absolute displacement (CAD), and used to estimate the strong motion duration. The proposed bracketed-significant duration t_bs is found to be well correlated with the strong motion part of the records, especially in the case of near-source events. The duration t_bs and the CAD index are used to assess the anticipated structural behavior of medium–long period structures.  相似文献   

基于地震危险性分析的场地地震动持时特性研究     

高玉峰  刘汉龙  朱伟 《世界地震工程》2000,16(4):109-112

通过地震危险性分析计算,认为场地震动力持时主要决定于近场地震影响,潜在震源区震级上限越大,场地地震动持时越大,潜在震源区其它地震活动性参数（年发生率、起算震级、ｂ值）减小或设防水准降低,场地地震动持时增加,且地震动持时增加幅度较小。  相似文献   

基于遥感数据的多年平均物候不确定性研究     

金佳鑫  季盈盈  郭丰生  于涵  肖园园 《遥感学报》2022,26(9):1814-1823

多年平均物候能够反映植被生长发育节律的均衡状态,是植被物候模拟与预测的关键参数之一。遥感已广泛用于地表物候监测,是空间多年平均物候信息的重要来源。然而,基于遥感的多年平均物候存在不同计算方法,如先确定每年时序曲线的物候点再求平均值（平均法）,以及先求多年平均时序曲线再确定物候点（参考曲线法）。上述方法的结果可能存在差异,但目前尚缺乏对这一不确定性及其影响的认识。针对该问题,本研究利用2001年—2016年遥感植被指数数据,分别在平均法和参考曲线法下提取中国森林生长季起始时间的多年平均值（■）,比较■的差异（■）及其空间异质性;进一步选取物候研究中常用指标,即以■为基础的温度“季前时长PD (Preseason Duration)”,分析■不同计算方法对物候—气候关系的潜在影响。结果表明,（1）不同方法下的■差异显著,总体上平均法小于参考曲线法（-2.6±2.2 d,占88%）,其中存在8.0%和6.0%的有效像元其动态平均法和固定平均法小于参考曲线法超过7 d,主要分布在东南丘陵地区。（2）■具有显著的空间异质性,主要表现为随年均温的升高而减小（Slope=0.07 d/℃,P<...  相似文献   

山东省汛期小时降水过程时空分布特征   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

董旭光  顾伟宗  邱粲  曹洁 《气象》2018,44(8):1063-1072

利用山东省74个气象站1961-2012年逐时降水观测数据,分析了山东省汛期(5-9月)短历时和持续性降水过程的时空分布特征。结果表明:(1)过程降水量和过程历时显著增大使得山东省汛期总降水量略有增加,持续性降水过程次数、过程降水量、过程历时的增加对总降水量增加的贡献最大。(2)短历时总降水量以鲁中山区、鲁东南地区最多,鲁东南沿海、半岛东部持续性总降水量最多;短历时过程降水量、平均雨强以鲁东南向西北方向经鲁中山区至德州一带最大,持续性过程降水量、平均雨强在半岛东部和鲁东南部分地区最大。(3)短历时峰值雨强以鲁中山区周边地区较大,持续性峰值雨强以鲁南、鲁东南、半岛东部较大。(4)鲁中山区、鲁南及半岛个别地区短历时降水一般开始于午后(13-18时),鲁中山区周边及半岛沿海一带多以夜雨为主,持续性降水过程开始时间多出现在夜间。  相似文献   

广东省群发性高温事件的气候特征研究     

李芷卉  胡娅敏 《热带气象学报》2023,(1):37-46

基于1961—2020年广东省86个国家自动气象站的日最高气温数据,采用一种客观识别方法,对广东省群发性高温事件进行回算识别,结果得到广东省群发性高温事件呈显著增长趋势,且在1990年代发生一次年代际突变,群发性高温事件主要发生在4—10月,其频次、强度、持续时间和空间影响范围等特征参数均呈现以7月为最盛期的类单峰式分布。值得关注的是,近60年来广东群发性短历时高温事件呈略微减少趋势,而长历时(≥6天)的事件数呈现显著增加趋势,这给政府的防灾减灾造成更大的难度。  相似文献   

太阳轨迹空间连续性的日照分析算法优化     

张驰  李佳  周侗  陶菲 《测绘科学》2017,42(9)

针对日照分析模拟必须考虑众多真三维地形/地物的遮挡因素,传统的日照分析方法难以在现实世界的复杂地理场景中得出高效、准确分析结果的问题展开研究,基于太阳运行轨迹的空间连续性,利用数据缓存方法对遮挡图元进行预判,实现了日照分析算法的优化。应用实例表明,将该方法与空间划分方法配合使用,可以在保证运算结果正确的基础上,进一步提高日照分析的计算效率,从而实现复杂地理场景中准确、快速的日照分析计算。  相似文献   

乌鲁木齐市北部农区近53 a来日照时数变化分析     

郑玉萍 《沙漠与绿洲气象(新疆气象)》2017,11(6):40-45

摘要：基于1964-2016年乌鲁木齐市米东区日照时数资料,使用线性回归方法,分析乌鲁木齐市北部农区日照时数的时空变化特征,并用偏最小二乘法（PLS）分析日照时数与各气象要素之间的相关性。结果表明:（1）年日照时数平均每10a递减95.5h,1998年后日照时数急剧减少,连续19a均呈负距平。（2）3-10月日照时数变化不明显,11月至次年2月日照时数显著减少。（3）4—10月大田作物生长季光照条件稳定,冬季设施农业生产季11月至次年3月的日照时数显著减少、寡照日数增多,光照不足严重影响设施农业生产。（4）近53a雾日增加、低能见度发生频率增大、低云量增多、冬季降雪量增加等是造成米东区日照时数剧烈减少的主要气象原因,米东区和主城区相比,局地气候特征更为突出。  相似文献   

Observed advantage for negative binomial over Poisson distribution in partial duration series     

A. Ben-Zvi 《Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment (SERRA)》1991,5(2):135-146

The goodness of fit of the negative binomial and the Poisson distributions to partial duration series of runoff events is tested. The data have been recorded by eight hydrometric stations located on ephemeral rivers in Isreal. For each station, a number of threshold discharges are considered, by that series of nested subsamples are formed. Owing to size limitations, a Chi-square test is conducted on samples associated with low to moderate threshold discharges. Positive results, at a 5% significance level, are obtained in 30 out of the 53 tests of the Poisson distribution, and in 22 out of the 28 tests of the negative binomial distribution. The fit of the Poisson distribution to samples of conventionally recommended sizes (of 2 to 3 events per year) is found positive for five rivers and negative for the three other rivers The fit of the negative binomial distribution to these samples is found positive for six rivers, inconclusive for one river and short of data for the eighth river. Mixed results are obtained as the threshold level is raised. Therefore, no direct extrapolation is possible to samples associated with high thresholds.An indirect extrapolation is drawn through a comparison of the actual properties of the samples with those expected under a perfect fit of the distribution functions. Ranges of such properties are defined with respect to the properties of the tested samples and to the test results. The actual properties of nine of the eleven samples associated with high thresholds (i.e. mean number of events <-0.1year ^–1) are found within these ranges. This provides a hint for a probable good fit of either distribution, and particularly the negative binomial, to the occurrence frequency of high events.  相似文献   

Amplitude domain analysis for the 30 August 1986 Vrancea intermediate earthquake     

Luminiţa Ardeleanu  Victoria Oancea 《Natural Hazards》1990,3(3):305-314

The amplitude domain analysis applied to the major Vrancea (Romania) earthquake of 30 August 1986 leads to the determination of some parameters characterizing the amplitude and the time duration of the signal.Digital three-component acceleration data, obtained at 10 Romanian seismic stations with epicentral distances between 40 and 200 km, are used. The results are compared with those obtained by Schenk for strong Californian earthquakes.Paper presented in the 21st General Assembly of the European Seismological Commission, Sofia, 1988.  相似文献   

Determination of source duration and moment of earthquakes in the Indian Peninsula using love waveforms     

S. N. Bhattacharya 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1996,147(3):497-514

Love waves recorded by a long-period seismograph at New Delhi (NDI) from seven earthquakes of magnitude 4.3 to 5.2 in Koyna and Bhatsa on the western coast and one earthquake in Ongole on the eastern coast of the Indian Peninsula have been used to determine the seismic moment for each of the earthquakes by waveform modeling. Transverse component of the synthetic seismogram shows that the maximum amplitude of waveform decreases with an increase of source duration. Thus for an evaluation of the seismic moment by equating the amplitude level of the observed and synthetic waveforms, we must know the source duration. The synthetic seismogram also indicates that a short source duration gives rise to a small but sharp pulse and this pulse is interpreted as anLg wave. Comparison of the observed and synthetic waveforms has been used for a simultaneous evaluation of the source duration and seismic moment. The source durations are found to vary between 2.2 and 4.4 s; for earthquakes with a magnitude range between 4.3 and 5.2 these durations are slightly higher than normal. We obtain moment (M ₀) of Ongole earthquake (M _L =5.1)as 1.7×10²⁴ dyne-cm; moments of Koyna and Bhatsa earthquakes (4.3M _L 5.2) on the western coast lie between 0.7×10²³ and 3.6×10²³ dyne-cm. Moment (M ₀)-magnitude (M _L ) relation logM ₀=1.5M _L +16.0 for the western United States region agrees as well, in general, with the results for the earthquakes in the Indian Peninsula.  相似文献