钻井提速用振动冲击工具研究进展   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0       下载免费PDF全文

甘心 《探矿工程》2021,48(2):85-93

振动冲击工具作为降本增效的有效手段之一,正在得到行业内的广泛认同和重视。本文通过详细列举轴向冲击器、扭转冲击器和复合冲击器等工具的最新研究进展,可以看出振动冲击工具通过合理利用泥浆水力能量并将其转化为冲击破岩能量,有效提高了破岩效率,改善了钻头破岩环境,降低了破岩阻力。并根据现场应用情况来看,可以不同程度地提高钻井过程中的机械钻速,缩短钻井周期。  相似文献   

Obtaining a social licence for MPAs – influences on social acceptability     

《Marine Policy》2015

The biological success of Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) depends to a large extent on their social acceptability, sometimes referred to as a social licence. Local resistance has slowed international progress towards a global network of MPAs. The causes of local resistance and limited social acceptability are poorly known, which constrains the development of new planning paradigms that could address these issues. Two case studies in New South Wales, Australia determined the factors that influenced community attitudes towards MPAs. The Port Stephens-Great Lakes Marine Park (PSGLMP) and Batemans Marine Park (BMP) underwent virtually identical and concurrent planning processes, however resistance to the BMP was more intense and sustained. Differences in the demographics, history, local media coverage and social impacts of each marine park contributed to these different community responses. The BMP demonstrated the ‘perfect storm’ of opposition triggers – a community struggling in the transition away from a primary production economy, a highly politicised media dominated by powerful elites with ideological objections to the park, and social impacts sufficiently profound to motivate local citizens to support an active campaign against the park. These impacts included loss of access, identity and increased competition for resources. This research points to the importance of developing a deeper understanding of the social, cultural and political landscape of the communities in which MPAs are proposed and a rethink of planning processes to better incorporate community objectives and knowledge.  相似文献   

Marine governance in an industrialised ocean: A case study of the emerging marine renewable energy industry     

《Marine Policy》2015

The world׳s oceans are currently undergoing an unprecedented period of industrialisation, made possible by advances in technology and driven by our growing need for food, energy and resources. This is placing the oceans are under intense pressure, and the ability of existing marine governance frameworks to sustainably manage the marine environment is increasingly being called into question. Emerging industries are challenging all aspects of these frameworks, raising questions regarding ownership and rights of the sea and its resources, management of environmental impacts, and management of ocean space. This paper uses the emerging marine renewable energy (MRE) industry, particularly in the United Kingdom (UK), as a case study to introduce and explore some of the key challenges. The paper concludes that the challenges are likely to be extensive and argues for development of a comprehensive legal research agenda to advance both MRE technologies and marine governance frameworks.  相似文献   

On the Impact of the Assimilation of SARAL/AltiKa Wave Data in the Operational Wave Model MFWAM     

Lotfi Aouf  Jean-Michel Lefèvre 《Marine Geodesy》2015,38(3):381-395

As a part of our calibration/validation activities five months of SARAL/AltiKa wave data have been analyzed in this study. A robust quality control procedure using threshold values on signal and retrieved wave heights was implemented before the assimilation. Assimilation runs in the wave model Météo-France (MFWAM) were performed for a long period. The validation of the model outputs was performed with independent wave observations from altimeter and buoy data. The results indicate good performance in terms of bias and scatter index for the significant wave height and the peak wave period. Statistical analyses were performed for different ocean basins (high and intermediate latitudes and tropics). The use of SARAL/AltiKa and Jason-2 wave data combined was also investigated. This leads to further improvements for the analysis and forecast periods. In other respects, the impact of the assimilation of SARAL/AltiKa wave data is discussed for waves under strong wind conditions such as typhoons Fitow and Danas which occurred in early October 2013.  相似文献   

碳交易政策的经济影响:以广东省为例   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

任松彦  戴瀚程  汪鹏  赵黛青  增井利彦 《气候变化研究进展》2015,11(1)

通过构建广东省两区域动态模型,对广东省碳交易及其他政策措施进行定量评估,分析实施可调控总量的碳交易政策机制对广东省及参与交易部门的经济影响。研究结果表明,按照减排情景到2015年广东完成19.5%的碳强度下降目标,相比基准情景,GDP将减少0.7%;按照强减排情景到2015年将完成20.5%的碳强度下降目标,相比基准情景GDP将减少0.9%;如果在强减排情景的基础上实施碳交易政策,GDP相对基准情景减少0.8%,到2015年实施碳交易政策可减少GDP损失约90亿元,说明广东建立碳排放权交易机制能够发挥支持经济发展和节能减碳双赢的作用。  相似文献   

近33a山西不同强度和范围雾日的变化特征及其成因   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李苗  苗爱梅  王洪霞  董文晓 《干旱气象》2015,33(2)

利用1980~2012年山西108站雾观测资料,研究山西不同范围和不同强度雾日的时空分布及变化趋势,在此基础上基于统计分析方法,分析了风力、降水、平均相对湿度等条件的变化对雾日增减趋势的影响。结果表明:(1)山西不同强度雾日都具有西北向东南递增的空间分布特征,长治、晋城、晋中东山以及忻州东部是山西不同强度雾日的多发区;(2)小范围和区域性的雾一年四季均可出现,大范围的雾则主要出现在秋季和初冬季节。大雾一年四季均可出现,浓雾以上天气有显著的季节性变化,强浓雾和特强浓雾主要出现在9~12月,其中以11月为最多;(3)近33 a间,小范围、区域性以及大范围的雾日分别以1.16 d/10 a、0.76 d/10 a和0.61 d/10 a的速率增多。大雾、浓雾和特强浓雾分别以0.36 d/10 a、0.13 d/10 a和0.23 d/10 a的速率增多,强浓雾则以-0.07 d/10 a的速率减少;(4)风速3 m·s-1时,风日数与雾日数为正相关,风速≥5 m·s-1时,风日数与雾日的增减转为反相关,其中对雾日增减趋势影响最明显的是风速≥12 m·s-1的日数;(5)雾日的空间分布与相对湿度的空间分布呈正相关,与大风日的空间分布呈反相关;(6)区域性和大范围的年降水日和日平均相对湿度≥80%日数的增减对年雾日的增减变化影响最显著。  相似文献   

基于投入产出方法的气象服务综合经济效益评估     

吴亚玲  吴先华  郭际  陈云峰 《南京气象学院学报》2015,7(6):525-533

如何评估气象服务带来的综合经济效益,一直是人们关注的重点和难点.以投入产出表的分配系数、消耗系数和列昂捷夫逆矩阵为核心,提出了关联经济效益、间接经济效益和完全经济效益的概念和算法,并以深圳市2012年的气象服务为例对方法进行验证,得到了一系列富于启示意义的结论.如:1)由于产业经济系统内部的关联性,气象服务带来的关联经济效益、间接经济效益和完全经济效益值较大,应引起全社会的关注和重视;2)深圳市气象服务的投入与完全经济效益比值区间约为1:134.34~1:228.378,远大于以往研究1:30~1:51的结果;3)传统的气象服务对象如农林牧渔业、建筑业等带来服务经济效益偏低,未来应重视向研究与试验发展业,综合技术服务业,租赁和商务服务业,居民服务和其他服务业,信息传输、计算机服务和软件业等服务产业提供气象服务,提高气象服务给社会带来的综合经济效益.  相似文献   

山东半岛蓝色经济区地热资源与开发利用区划     

王秀芹  张平平  杨亚宾 《山东国土资源》2015,31(7)

为了适应山东半岛蓝色经济区多产业快速发展的需求,通过区内地热资源开发利用现状调查、抽水试验、地热地质钻探等资料及以往地热地质研究成果,对山东半岛蓝色经济区地热地质条件进行了分析总结,将其分为层状、带状热储类型进行了地热资源量计算,从地热资源勘察、开发、利用条件和地热资源开发前景方面入手,结合区内交通、经济发展等社会环境,对半岛蓝色经济区地热资源进行开发利用区划,提出了地热资源开发利用方案及保护措施。  相似文献   

Recolonization and recovery dynamics of the macrozoobenthos after sand extraction in relict sand bottoms of the Northern Adriatic Sea     

Simonini R  Ansaloni I  Bonini P  Grandi V  Graziosi F  Iotti M  Massamba-N'siala G  Mauri M  Montanari G  Preti M  De Nigris N  Prevedelli D 《Marine environmental research》2007,64(5):574-589

The long-term effects of sand extraction on macrozoobenthic communities were investigated in an offshore area in the Northern Adriatic Sea characterised by relict sands formed during the last Adriatic post-glacial transgression. Surveys were carried out before, during and 1, 6, 12, 18, 24 and 30 months after extraction at three impacted and seven reference stations. The operations did not influence the physical characteristics of the sediment, but they caused almost complete defaunation at dredged sites. Univariate and multivariate analyses highlighted that the macrozoobenthic community responses to the dredging operations were (1) a rapid initial recolonisation phase by the dominant taxa present before dredging, which took place 6-12 months after sand extraction; (2) a slower recovery phase, that ended 30 months after the operations, when the composition and structure of the communities were similar in the dredged and reference areas. This pattern of recolonisation-recovery fits well with the commonly encountered scenario where the substratum merely remains unchanged after marine aggregate extraction.  相似文献   

泛珠三角区域合作背景下的广东东西两翼经济发展思路探究     

李敏  罗寿枚 《云南地理环境研究》2006,18(3):73-78

“泛珠三角”区域政府间合作为广东东西两翼加速经济发展带来了机遇,通过分析两翼在泛珠三角区域中的地位、经济发展面临的挑战与机遇;提出了泛珠三角背景下两翼实现经济跨越式发展的思路.  相似文献