中国地区气溶胶的辐射强迫及其气候响应试验   总被引：15，自引：3，他引：12  

胡荣明  石广玉 《大气科学》1998,22(6):917-525

根据国内测定的排放因子数据和国家、部委及各省市统计年鉴公布的排放源数据,得到的中国大陆的1°×1°网格精度的SO2的排放分布,计算了中国地区人为扰动气溶胶的辐射强迫。应用近期开发的二维能量平衡模式计算了由该种气溶胶所引起的中国地区地面温度变化。模式结果表明,最大辐射强迫和最大地面温度变化都集中在中国的沿海和四川地区。最大辐射强迫达3 W/m2。  相似文献   

Evidence of the Link between Broad Emission Line Regions and Accretion Disks in Active Galactic Nuclei     

Yun Xu    Xin-Wu Cao Shanghai Astronomical Observatory  Chinese Academy of Sciences  Shanghai  Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences  Beijing 《中国天文和天体物理学报》2007,7(1):63-70

1 INTRODUCTION Most bright active galactic nuclei (AGNs) exhibit broad emission lines, with full width at half maximum (FWHM ≥ 103 km s?1) (Peterson et al. 1999). Some type 1 AGNs could have very broad emission lines (FWHM≥ 20 000 km s?1). Type 2 AGNs s…  相似文献   

Assessing uncertainties in dust emission in the Aral Sea region caused by meteorological fields predicted with a mesoscale model     

Kremena Darmenova  Irina N. Sokolik   《Global and Planetary Change》2007,56(3-4):297

This study investigates how the choice of the planetary boundary layer (PBL) parameterization and dust emission scheme affects the prediction of dust entrainment simulated with a regional mesoscale model. For this analysis we consider a representative dust episode which occurred on April 2001 in the Aral Sea region. The meteorological fields were simulated using the PSU/NCAR MM5 modeling system considering two different boundary layer parameterizations. In each case, emitted dust fluxes were computed off-line by incorporating MM5 meteorological fields into the dust module DuMo. Several dust emission schemes with a prescribed erodible fraction and fixed threshold wind speed were the subject of our analysis. Implications to assessment of the anthropogenic fraction of dust emitted in the Aral region were investigated by conducting the full, half, and no lake modeling experiments.Our results show that the discrepancies in dust fluxes between the two different PBLs are much higher compared to the discrepancy associated with the use of considered dust production schemes. Furthermore, the choice of the PBL affects the timing and duration of a modeled dust event. We demonstrate that different combinations of the PBL parameterization and wind- or friction velocity-driven dust emission schemes can result in up to about a 50% difference in predicted dust mass caused by the Aral Sea desiccation. We found that the drying-up of the Aral cannot only affect the dust emission by expanding the source area, but also by affecting atmospheric characteristics, especially winds. These competitive factors add further complexity to quantification of the anthropogenic dust fraction in the region.  相似文献   

Morphologies of AGN host galaxies using HST/ACS in the CDFS-GOODS field     

Priya Hasan 《Astrophysics and Space Science》2007,312(1-2):63-77

Using HST/ACS images in four bands F435W, F606W, F775W and F850LP, we identify optical counterparts to the X-ray sources in the Chandra Deep Field South in the GOODS South field. A detailed study has been made of these sources to study their morphological types. We use methods like decomposition of galaxy luminosity profiles, color maps and visual inspection of 192 galaxies which are identified as possible optical counterparts of Chandra X-ray sources in the CDFS-GOODS field. We find that most moderate luminosity AGN hosts are bulge dominated in the redshift range (z≈0.4–1.3), but not merging/interacting galaxies. This implies probable fueling of the moderate luminosity AGN by mechanisms other than those merger driven.  相似文献   

Observations of active galactic nuclei with the GT-48 CrAO gamma-ray telescope in 2004     

Yu. I. Neshpor  V. S. Eliseev  N. A. Jogolev  E. M. Nehay  Z. N. Skiruta  V. V. Fidelis  V. P. Fomin 《Bulletin of the Crimean Astrophysical Observatory》2007,103(1):16-20

Observations of several active galactic nuclei were performed with the GT-48 gamma-ray telescope at CrAO in 2004: 3C 66A, Mk 421, Mk 501, 1H 1426, 1ES 1959, and BL Lac. Very-high-energy (E ≥ 10¹² eV) gamma-ray fluxes were recorded from 3C 66A, Mk 421, Mk 501, and 1H 1426 at a confidence level of more than 4σ. Upper limits for the flux of very-high-energy gamma rays are presented for 1ES 1959 and BL Lac. The 2004 observational data for 3C 66A (z = 0.44) confirm the results obtained previously at CrAO.  相似文献   

A2和B2排放情景下气候变化对福建省水稻生产的阶段性影响     

江敏  石春林  薛昌颖 《气象与环境科学》2015,38(4):38-46

选择IPCC排放情景特别报告(SRES)中的A2和B2方案,利用区域气候模式PRECIS构建的气候变化情景文件与作物模型(CERES-Rice)耦合,采用雨养与灌溉两种方式,并综合考虑未来CO2浓度增加带来的直接增益效应,模拟了未来2020s及2040s两个时段气候变化对福建省水稻生育期与产量的影响。结果表明:无论是雨养方式还是灌溉方式,未来全省各稻区水稻生育期都将缩短,并且随着温度增高,2040s时段缩短的时间较2020s更长,单季稻生育期缩短时间最长,可达15~20 d。雨养条件下,除了闽东南双季稻区后季稻在2020s时段表现为2.3%(A2)和3.1%(B2)较小幅度的增产外,其他稻区各种稻作制度下的水稻产量较之BASE均出现了不同幅度的减产。闽西北稻区后季稻减产幅度最大,2020s时段A2和B2情景下减产幅度依次为6.9%和10.2%,2040s时段减产幅度进一步加大至14.1%和15.6%。闽东南稻区后季稻模拟结果较为乐观,尤其是在灌溉条件下表现为不同幅度的增产,两种情景下分别增产了1.7%、3.9%。双季稻种植区的后季稻产量稳定性均不如早稻和单季稻的,且随着温度升高,到2040s产量不稳定性有增加的趋势。灌溉在一定程度上可以缓解未来高温天气带来的产量波动。从全省的总产变化趋势来看,A2和B2两种排放情景模拟的结果都不容乐观,即使采用充分灌溉的方式,也依旧表现为减产。2020s时段,两种情景下分别减产0.74%与2.44%;2040s时段,两种情景下减产为3.50%与3.23%。未来早稻和单季稻生长季的土壤水分条件将变得不如目前湿润,与之相关的灌溉需要量均有所增加。  相似文献   

伽马射线暴的光度-光变复杂度关系     

李兆升  陈黎  王德华 《天文学进展》2011,29(2)

伽马射线暴的光变复杂度是描述其光变曲线复杂程度的物理量.由已知红移的伽马射线暴,Reichart等人发现其光变复杂度与各向同性光度之间有正相关性(LαVα,α在1.77～3.5之间),即光变越复杂,光度越高.此相关性类似于造父变星的周光关系,可用来估计伽马暴的距离和红移.调研、分析了各种光变复杂度的定义、算法和光变复杂度-各向同性光度关系的拟合结果,最后对光变复杂度和光度之间的关系做了总结和展望.  相似文献   

M 87核区X射线辐射起源的研究     

于照茏 《天文学进展》2011,29(1)

利用耦合的吸积-喷流模型,对巨椭圆星系M 87(NGC 4486)核区的高分辨率观测到的多波段能谱分布进行了研究,重点是核区的X射线辐射起源问题.研究结果表明,M 87核区的X射线辐射是由喷流主导的,而不是此前认为的由径移主导的吸积流(ADAFs)主导的.  相似文献   

A very bright （i = 16.44） quasar in the ＇redshift desert＇ discovered by the Guoshoujing Telescope （LAMOST）     

Xue-Bing Wu  Zhao-Yu Chen  Zhen-Dong Jia  Wen-Wen Zuo  Yong-Heng Zhao  A-Li Luo  Zhong-Rui Bai  Jian-Jun Chen  Hao-Tong Zhang  Hong-Liang Yan  Juan-Juan Ren  Shi-Wei Sun  Hong Wu  Yong Zhang  Ye-Ping Li  Qi-Shuai Lu  You Wang  Ji-Jun Ni  Hai Wang  Xu Kong  Shi-Yin Shen 《天体物理学报》2010,(8):737-744

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时间延迟对劈裂试验条件下岩石凯塞效应的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

谢强  余贤斌 《岩土力学》2010,31(1):46-50

验证了粗晶花岗岩在劈裂试验条件下凯塞效应的存在性。进行了循环加卸载时间间隔分别为2、15d和45d时岩石的声发射试验,讨论了时间延迟对花岗岩凯塞效应的影响。研究结果表明,前期荷载越接近极限强度,岩石的凯塞效应越不明显;凯塞效应随再次加载时间延迟的增加而削弱,在对花岗岩的声发射试验中观察到15d以后岩石的凯塞效应仍然很显著,45d后凯塞效应基本消失。文中同时对试件与加载设备之间的接触状态对声发射试验结果的影响作了初步的定性分析。  相似文献