频域叠加的大频偏导航信号捕获算法     

张纪超  张旭东 《测绘科学》2015,40(4):101-105

在卫星导航接收机的设计和实现过程中,信号捕获是卫星信号同步的关键步骤。只有捕获到了正确的相位和多普勒信息,才能初始化跟踪环路,进而完成信号的同步。针对高动态接收机在大频偏条件下实现信号捕获需要进行多次频域搜索,计算量成倍增加的问题,该文以GPS系统为例,分析了多普勒频偏对相关峰的影响,利用频域叠加技术设计了在多普勒频移过大条件下的信号捕获方案。分析结果表明,该捕获方案可以完成大频偏下的信号捕获,降低了多次频域搜索带来的计算量,并且具有较好的捕获性能。  相似文献   

川东高陡断褶带构造特征及其演化   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

邹玉涛  段金宝  赵艳军  张新  李让彬 《地质学报》2015,89(11):2046-2052

在川东地震资料基础上,结合地质资料,系统分析了川东高陡构造特征、演化特征及成因机制。川东高陡断褶带经历了由拉张向挤压转变的动力学环境,主要划分为4期构造演化阶段:弱褶皱阶段(印支期以前)、褶皱雏形阶段(印支期)、褶皱活跃阶段(燕山期)、褶皱定型阶段(喜马拉雅期)。川东高陡断褶带现今构造格局受早期基底断裂控制、晚期多期挤压构造叠加改造,定型"隔挡式"高陡断褶带排状展布;受纵向2套主要膏盐滑脱层及1套次要泥页岩滑脱层影响,川东断褶带纵向上可划分为3个构造形变层,在多期挤压应力过程中,各构造层纵向上形成、演化具有差异性,构造形态截然不同。四川盆地多期挤压构造叠加改造对川东盐类矿床和油气保存产生了重要影响。  相似文献   

Inverted intracontinental basin and vertical tectonics: The Saharan Atlas in Tunisia     

Adel Rigane  Claude Gourmelen 《Journal of African Earth Sciences》2011,61(2):109-128

The present-day architecture of the Saharan Atlas in Tunisia can be defined by two principal models: (1) The first model emphasizes a general SW–NE geological structure in the North forming successive and parallel bands (the Tellian zone, the diapir zone) and the central Atlas, which are cut by the southern Atlas ranges located within a NW–SE corridor. These zones are bordered to the East by the “North–South Axis”. (2) The second model defines the Tunisian Atlas in terms of an E–W strike-slip corridor, which initially controls the sedimentary facies distribution during the Meso-Cenozoïc, and which then generates elongate en echelon folds in the sedimentary cover by dextral shearing.In this study, we aim to show that the Saharan Atlas in Tunisia appears today as a triangular megablock, that we call the Tunisian Block (TB), bounded by three structural trends (N–S, SW–NE and NW–SE) belonging to the African strike-slip fault network: (1) The eastern boundary appears as a complex faulted and folded corridor limiting the folded zone of the central Atlas in the West and the depressed zone of the Sahel in the East: it corresponds to the “North–South Axis” as defined classically in the literature. (2) The southern boundary also corresponds to a faulted belt (Gafsa–Negrine-Tozeur corridor), which cuts off the continuation of the North–South axis southward into the Gabès region; it corresponds to the Southern Saharan Atlas, delimited by the Gafsa fault in the North and the Negrine-Tozeur fault in the South. (3) The northern boundary, trending SW–NE, appears rather in the form of a reverse tectonic bundle, facing SE or S (oblique convergence), whose major feature corresponds to the El Alia-Téboursouk fault. This northern boundary cuts across and delimits the N–S corridor towards the North, in such a way that its extension is limited at both extremities. Finally, the inner part of the TB actually corresponds to a mosaic of second-order blocks, each of which contains an arrangement of widely spaced SW–NE trending anticlines forming the main relief separated by vast plains very often occupied by sebkhas. The paleogeographic and structural evolution of this region during the Mesozoic and Palaeogene shows that the TB, along with its limits as defined here, developed an increasingly distinct identity at a very early stage, being characterized by an extensive and/or transtensive tectonic regime. Finally, the Tunisian Atlas Chain defines a triangular domain that owes its origin and particular character precisely because of the paleogeographic and structural history of this paleoblock. The boundaries of this paleoblock remain mobile, thus tectonically controlling the geometry and morphology of a typical intracontinental basin. The extension directions and the frequent changes of stress regime (or rotations) are related to the existence of two active basins: the strike-slip margin of the western branch of Tethys and the Mesogea oceanic basin, with tectonic activity becoming alternately dominant in one or other of the basins at different times. In this context, the Tunisian basin is characterized by rhythmic sedimentation, composed of a succession of filling sequences linked to the continuing tectonic instability of the sedimentary floor associated with two major crises: one at the end of the Aptian and the other at the end of the Ypresian. The vertical movements related to the extension and/or transtension of the blocks is accentuated by Triassic salt tectonics, giving rise to linear (salt axes) or point (salt domes) structures that lead to the formation of shoal zones during development of the basin, thus enhancing the vertical tectonics. The diapirism developed slowly and gradually from late Triassic through to Langhian times, leading to numerous sedimentary wedges on the flanks of the structures. The uprise of the diapirs exhibits three pauses corresponding to the end-Aptian, end-Ypresian and pre-Burdigalian. The vertical tectonics is characterized by abundant drape folds giving rise to an extensional fault-related folding and strike-slip/dip-slip faults creating frequent unconformities that are nevertheless always localized.Finally, the folded chain results from the structural inversion of this paleoblock from Tortonian times onward. We can only account for the various folds-axis directions in the context of an intracontinental chain where the pre-existing major vertical faults are able to develop on the surface as draped-folds in a transpressive regime by the local reorientation of stresses in crustal-scale faults. In detail, the structures produced by this vertical tectonic activity, which are profoundly controlled by inheritance, display a highly original style at very shallow levels in the crust.  相似文献   

Cenozoic volcanism,tectonism and stream derangement in the Snowy Mountains and northern Monaro of New South Wales     

K. R. Sharp 《Australian Journal of Earth Sciences》2013,60(1):67-83

Studies of Cenozoic lavas and associated sediments in the Kiandra‐Cabramurra and Adaminaby‐Cooma areas identify and date tectonic deformations responsible for differential uplift and drainage development of the region. Volcanic activity on the northern Monaro was mainly Eocene‐Oligocene but in the extreme north there are Early Miocene sediments and lavas. Volcanic activity and folding began to rearrange the drainage in the Eocene‐Oligocene. The headwaters of the Murrumbidgee River originally flowed south into the Eucumbene River but Early Miocene folding and faulting uplifted the Monaro Range and created a large lake near Adaminaby. Lake overtopping rerouted the drainage east and then south along the basalt‐filled valley of an old north‐flowing tributary, the ‘Adaminaby River’, forming the present‐day Murrumbidgee River. The folding also produced a 300 m height difference between the Berridale and Adaminaby Plateaus and formed a section of the Great Divide. This fold displacement ranks with the largest Cenozoic fault displacements. In the Kiandra area tectonism associated with Early Miocene volcanism rearranged the drainage and tilted the Kiandra area and Kosciuszko Block to the north.  相似文献   

New insights into the deformation of a Middle Pleistocene glaciotectonised sequence in Norfolk,England through magnetic and structural analysis     

Edward J. Fleming  Carl T.E. Stevenson  Michael S. Petronis 《Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. Geologists' Association》2013

North Norfolk is a classic area for the study of glacial sediments with a complex glaciotectonic deformational history, but the processes leading to the formation of some structures can be ambiguous. Anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS) analyses, providing quantitative fabric data, have been combined with the analysis of visible structures and applied to the Bacton Green Till Member, exposed at Bacton, Norfolk. Thermomagnetic curves, low temperature susceptibility and acquisition of isothermal remanent magnetism (IRM) reveal that the magnetic mineralogy is dominated by paramagnetic phases. The magnetic foliation is parallel to fold axial planes and weakly inclined to bedding, whilst the magnetic lineation is orientated parallel to stretching, indicated by the presence of stretching lineations and the trend of sheath folds. Variations in the orientation of the magnetic lineation suggest that the Bacton section has been subject to polyphase deformation. After subaqueous deposition, the sequence was overridden by ice and glaciotectonically deformed which involved stretching initially north–south, then east–west. These results show that AMS can be used to detect strain in three dimensions through a glaciotectonite where paramagnetic mineralogy is dominant. This approach therefore provides further support to the use of AMS as a fast, objective and accurate method of examining strain within deformed glacial sediments.  相似文献   

Interplay between tectonics and compaction in a rift‐margin,lacustrine delta system: Miocene of the Eger Graben,Czech Republic     

MICHAL RAJCHL  DAVID ULIČNÝ  KAREL MACH 《Sedimentology》2008,55(5):1419-1447

The Early Miocene Bílina Palaeodelta consists of fluvio‐deltaic and lacustrine clastics deposited along the south‐eastern margin of the extensional Most Basin, part of the Eger Graben in north Bohemia (Czech Republic). The Bílina succession shows evidence of repeated advances of an axial deltaic system across a thick accumulation of organic material and clay in the hangingwall of an active fault. Exposures up to ca 4·5 km long in the Bílina open‐cast mine help bridge the gap between seismic scale and typical outcrop scale of observation and thus allow the relationships between small‐scale and basin‐scale stratal geometries to be evaluated. The Bílina Palaeodelta deposits include sand‐dominated, fluvial channel fills and heterolithic sheets interpreted as delta plain strata, sand‐dominated mouth‐bar wedges and heterolithic sheets of prodeltaic deposits, passing distally into lacustrine clays. The depositional environment is interpreted as a fluvial‐dominated, mixed‐load, lacustrine delta with a high degree of grain‐size segregation at the feeder‐channel mouths. On the largest temporal and spatial scales, variable tectonic subsidence controlled the overall advance and retreat of the delta system. The medium‐term transgressive‐regressive history was probably driven by episodes of increased subsidence rate. However, at this temporal scale, the architecture of the deltaic sequences (deltaic lobes and correlative lacustrine deposits) was strongly affected by: (i) compaction of underlying peat and clay which drove lateral offset stacking of medium‐term sequences; and (ii) growth of a fault‐propagation fold close to the active Bílina Fault. At the smallest scale, the geometries of individual mouth bars and groups of mouth bars (short‐term sequences) reflect the interaction among sediment loading, compaction and growth faulting that produced high‐frequency relative lake‐level fluctuations and created local accommodation at the delta front.  相似文献   

塔里木盆地西南缘山前带逆冲推覆构造特征   总被引：14，自引：0，他引：14  

胡建中  谭应佳  张平  张艳秋 《地学前缘》2008,15(2):222-231

塔里木盆地西南缘山前带是西昆仑逆冲推覆构造在前陆形成的冲断带,主要由断层相关褶皱、双重构造、叠瓦状构造、三角带等构造组成。通过地表构造剖面、地震与非震资料的综合解释与研究,结合平衡剖面的正演方法,对该冲断带进行了几何学、运动学与动力学研究,对冲断带断层的扩展方式以及冲断时代进行了讨论。研究认为塔西南逆冲推覆构造具有"南北分带、东西分段以及垂向结构变异"的特点。自南向北分为逆冲推覆的根带、中带、锋带和反冲断裂带,由西向东可以划分为帕米尔弧形构造段、齐姆根弧形构造段、甫沙-克里阳三角带构造段与和田南逆冲推覆体构造段。冲断带在垂向结构上由三套区域性滑脱层划分为浅构造层次的外来系统断坡背斜、中构造层次的准原地系统双重构造、三角带构造以及深构造层次的原地系统弱变形带三层结构。冲断席内断层的扩展方式为前展式,而不同冲断席间则为后展式模式。冲断带自中新世中期开始形成,中新世末发生位移推覆,上新世—早更新世定型,中更新世—全新世隆升均衡调整。  相似文献   

Cenozoic detachment folding in the southern Tianshan foreland,NW China: Shortening distances and rates     

《Journal of Structural Geology》2016

Intracontinental foreland basins with fold-and-thrust belts on the southern periphery of the Tianshan orogenic belt in China resulted from still-active contractional deformation ultimately cased by the India–Asia collision. To quantify the amounts of shortening distance and the rates of deformation, and to decipher the architectural framework, we mapped the stratigraphy and structure of four anticlines in the Kuqa and Baicheng foreland thrust belts in the central southern Tianshan. In the Baicheng foreland thrust belts, Lower Cretaceous Baxigai and Bashijiqike Formations located in the core of the Kumugeliemu anticline are overlain by the Paleocene to Eocene Kumugeliemu Formation, above which are conformable Oligocene through Pleistocene sediments. A disharmonic transition from parallel to unconformable bedding at the boundary of the Miocene Kangcun and Pliocene Kuqa Formations suggests a change from pre-detachment folded strata to beds deposited on top of a growing anticline. Most of the anticlines have steep limbs (70–90°) and are box to isoclinal folds, suggestive of detachment folding or faulted detachment folding (faults that transect a fold core or limb). Shortening estimates calculated from the cross-sections by the Excess area method indicate that the total shortening for the Kelasu, Kuchetawu, Kezile and Yaken sections are 6.3 km, 6.4 km, 5.8 km and 0.6 km, respectively, and the respective depths of the detachment zones are (2.3 km and 6.9 km), 2.3 km, 2.5 km and 3.4 km. Time estimates derived from a paleomagnetic study indicate that the transition to syn-folding strata occurred at ∼6.5 Ma at the Kuchetawu section along the Kuqa river. In addition, according to our field observations and previous sedimentary rate studies, the initial time of folding of the Yaken anticline was at 0.15–0.21 Ma. Therefore, the average shortening rate that began at ∼6 Ma was ∼2 mm/a for the Kelasu, Kuchetawu and Kezile sections. At 0.15–0.21 Ma, the average shortening rate increased to 3–4 mm/a in the Yaken section. Combined with the recent GPS data, the shortening rate in the central southern Tianshan area increased to 4.7 ± 1.5 mm/a at present. We suggest that there was a linear increase in shortening rate in the southern Tianshan foreland basin, which also indicates that the far field stress increased considerably from the late Miocene to Present in response to the India–Asia collision.  相似文献   

Evidence of Quaternary active folding near Utique (Northeast Tunisia) from tectonic observations and a seismic profile     

Lassaad Mejri  Vincent Regard  Sébastien Carretier  Stéphane Brusset  Mahmoud Dlala 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2010,342(11):864-872

The present-day seismicity in northeastern Tunisia reported from permanent networks is of low to moderate magnitude. However, earthquakes are mentioned in the literature, specially a destructive one in the antique city of Utique. Geologic, seismic, and neotectonic investigations in this area show that the Utique fold is closely related to the recent tectonic activity in this region. Data show that the Utique fold is built on an east-west fault, and we found evidence of activity of this fault in the past 20 kyr. A seismic section and balanced cross-section show that the slip rate is of the order of 0.38 mm.yr⁻¹. Our data show definitively the Late Pleistocene–Holocene activity of the Utique Fault; and we can predict the earthquake recurrence interval which should be of ∼10³–10⁴ yr. This high seismic risk zone deserves to be taken into account during the establishment of important regional development programs and in the application of seismic building codes.  相似文献   

褶皱变形过程中的构造化学效应     

杨新岳  谢国源 《地质与勘探》1996,32(1):17-21

通过扫描分析电镜（ＳＥＭ）对２个褶皱样品的主要造岩矿物化学成分进行分析，探讨了在中－深部地壳的变形环境下，褶皱变形作用导致变形岩石化学成分分异的规律以及褶皱变形的构造化学效应。  相似文献