控制照明与面向目标成像的观测系统设计   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Liu Shouwei Geng Jianhua Feng Wei 《应用地球物理》2005,2(4):230-234

常规地震观测系统设计方法基于地下水平层 状介质的假设,通常不能适应复杂构造情况。我们 从控制照明的思想出发,提出了一种面向目标成像 的地震观测系统设计方法,该方法需要一个由初步 地震解释得到的速度模型。利用单程傅立叶有限差 分波场传播算子将目标层的平面源延拓到地表,通 过分析从目标层延拓到地表的波场能量的分布,可 以确定目标层成像所需要的炮点或者检波点的位置。 利用SEG-EAGE盐丘模型数值试算结果表明,该方法 用于设计面向目标成像的特定地震采集系统。  相似文献   

Is the outcrop topology of dolerite dikes of the Precambrian Singhbhum Craton fractal?     

Nibir Mandal  Atin Kumar Mitra  Santanu Misra  Chandan Chakraborty 《Journal of Earth System Science》2006,115(6):643-660

In the Precambrian Singhbhum Craton of eastern India, newer dolerite dikes occur profusely with varying outcrop lengths. We have analysed the nature of their length-size and orientation distributions in relation to the theory of fractals. Two orientational sets of dikes (NW-SE and NE-SW) are present. Both the sets show strongly non-power-law size distributions, as reflected in non-linear variations in logarithmic space. We analyzed thousands of data, revealing that polynomial functions with a degree of 3 to 4 are the best representatives of the non-linear variations. Orientation analysis shows that the degree of dispersions from the mean trend tends to decrease with increasing dike length. The length-size distributions were studied by simulating fractures in physical models. Experimental fractures also show a non-power-law distribution, which grossly conforms to those of the dolerite dikes. This type of complex size distributions results from the combined effects of nucleation, propagation and coalescence of fractures.  相似文献   

Application of a long-range Terrestrial Laser Scanner to a detailed rockfall study at Vall de Núria (Eastern Pyrenees, Spain)     

A. Abelln  J.M. Vilaplana  J. Martínez 《Engineering Geology》2006,88(3-4):136-148

In this study we show the application of a long-range Terrestrial Laser Scanner (TLS) to a detailed rockfall study in a test zone at Vall de Núria, located in the Eastern Pyrenees. Data acquisition was carried out using TLS-Ilris3D, the new generation of reflector-less laser scanners with a high range, accuracy and velocity of measurements. Eight scans were performed at 3 stations to acquire coordinates of almost 4 million points. The results from the acquired data are a high accuracy Digital Elevation Model (DEM) and the reconstruction of the joint geometry. The former is used for inventory of rockfalls and for more accurate rockfall simulation (trajectories and velocities). The latter allows us to model the geometry and volume of the source area in recent rockfalls. Our findings suggest that TLS technology could be a tool of reference in rockfall studies in the near future.  相似文献   

遥感影像纠正中控制点库建立相关技术     

莫华  董成松  秦志远 《测绘学院学报》2007,(1)

地面控制点的选取是遥感影像几何纠正中的重要环节。针对人工选取控制点的缺陷,根据控制点数据的特点提出了控制点属性数据和图像数据的一体化存储管理方案;设计了控制点库查询检索、匹配选点的使用流程;实现了一个控制点影像数据库的应用系统。系统的使用效果达到预期设想,大大提高了选点精度和效率。对控制点数据进行建库管理可以充分利用已有控制点成果,并能提高选点效率和精度。  相似文献   

3维模型数据压缩技术分析     

许敏  张永生 《测绘学院学报》2007,24(6):462-466

3维模型越来越广泛地应用于众多领域里,但有限的图形显卡的处理能力和网络带宽严重阻碍了这种媒体的传播。单纯依靠增加硬件设备的投入不足以解决问题,必须采用相应的算法对3维模型数据进行压缩。首先将3维模型数据压缩算法进行分类;然后结合不同的分类情况比较分析了近几年来有代表性的几种压缩算法;最后对该技术今后应着重研究的几个方面进行了总结和展望。  相似文献   

A Critical Approach to Probability Laws in Geochemistry   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

G. Mateu-Figueras  V. Pawlowsky-Glahn 《Mathematical Geosciences》2008,40(5):489-502

Probability laws in geochemistry have been a major issue of concern over the last decades. The lognormal on the positive real line or the additive logistic normal on the simplex are two classical laws of probability to model geochemical data sets due to their association with a relative measure of difference. This fact is not fully exploited in the classical approach when viewing both the positive real line and the simplex as subsets of real space with the induced geometry. But it can be taken into account considering them as real linear vector spaces with their own structure. This approach implies using a particular geometry and a measure different from the usual ones. Therefore, we can work with the coordinates with respect to an orthonormal basis. It could be shown that the two mentioned laws are associated with a normal distribution on the coordinates. In this contribution both approaches are compared, and a real data set is used to illustrate similarities and differences.  相似文献   

River channel change: Problems of interpretation illustrated by the river derwent,north Yorkshire     

K. Richards  C. Greenhalgh 《地球表面变化过程与地形》1984,9(2):175-180

Some inherent limitations of the spatial interpolation method of identifying and interpreting channel adjustment are illustrated by a study of the River Derwent in Yorkshire. Here, cross-sections downstream from a river diversion appear to have contracted in size when compared with predictions based on upstream relationships between channel form variables and basin area. However, these sections are slightly larger than expected for their diminished discharge, suggesting that they have not fully adjusted to altered environmental conditions and are still in a transient state.  相似文献   

Bed forms and bend-arc spacings of some coarse-bedload channels in Upland Britain     

J. A. Milne 《地球表面变化过程与地形》1982,7(3):227-240

Seventy-eight riffle to riffle and 80 bend spacings along eleven coarse-bedload, low sinuosity stream channels in upland Britain have been surveyed. Frequency distributions of these spacings are notably right-skewed. The most common repeating distances between riffles and bend inflections are between 4 and 6 channel widths although spacings up to 20 widths are also present. Riffle and pool locations around bends at different stages of planform development indicate that change is largely through increased sinuosity between two consecutive riffles of an original straight reach. Observed straight segments exhibit alternating riffles and pools evenly spaced at 4-6 widths, and most bends have similarly spaced riffles at their inflections in plan, with the intermediate pool at their apex. However angular deflections between axial lines joining inflections indicate existing sequences of bends did not develop from a single straight reach. Bends which are significantly longer than 4-6 widths are of low sinuosity and represent variability in naturally irregular planforms rather than arcs in advanced stages of meander growth. Adjusted bed topography around such long bends takes two forms. Either a single riffle-pool cycle is present with one or both bed forms being longer than average, or a 4-6 widths spacing is maintained by more than one riffle-pool sequence. Locally, the cross-section characteristics of riffles and pools are also influenced by planform location.  相似文献   

遥感影像纠正中控制点库建立相关技术   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

莫华  董成松  秦志远 《测绘科学技术学报》2007,24(1):70-72,75

地面控制点的选取是遥感影像几何纠正中的重要环节.针对人工选取控制点的缺陷,根据控制点数据的特点提出了控制点属性数据和图像数据的一体化存储管理方案;设计了控制点库查询检索、匹配选点的使用流程;实现了一个控制点影像数据库的应用系统.系统的使用效果达到预期设想,大大提高了选点精度和效率.对控制点数据进行建库管理可以充分利用已有控制点成果,并能提高选点效率和精度.  相似文献   

A bidirectional path-finding algorithm and data structure for maritime routing   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Dieudonné Tsatcha  Éric Saux  Christophe Claramunt 《International journal of geographical information science》2014,28(7):1355-1377

Route planning is an important problem for many real-time applications in open and complex environments. The maritime domain is a relevant example of such environments where dynamic phenomena and navigation constraints generate difficult route finding problems. This paper develops a spatial data structure that supports the search for an optimal route between two locations while minimizing a cost function. Although various search algorithms have been proposed so far (e.g. breadth-first search, bidirectional breadth-first search, Dijkstra’s algorithm, A^*, etc.), this approach provides a bidirectional dynamic routing algorithm which is based on hexagonal meshes and an iterative deepening A^* (IDA^*) algorithm, and a front to front strategy using a dynamic graph that facilitates data accessibility. The whole approach is applied to the context of maritime navigation, taking into account navigation hazards and restricted areas. The algorithm developed searches for optimal routes while minimizing distance and computational time.  相似文献