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31.
International tourist flows to Australia are examined from the perspective of globalisation. The factors influencing such flows are identified and their geographical impact outlined. Inbound tourism is shown to be growing quickly in both absolute and relative terms and to have a metropolitan emphasis that contrasts with the non‐metropolitan focus of domestic tourism. Tourism illustrates many of the social and cultural changes occurring in contemporary society; the nature of tourism is changing as society changes with a result that new forms of tourism are emerging. Particularly noteworthy is the shift from mass to ‘new tourism’. The nature and likely impact of these changes in Australia is assessed. The paper concludes that growth rates comparable with those achieved in the past might not be sustainable. 相似文献
32.
Craig J. Reynolds 《Singapore journal of tropical geography》2001,22(3):252-269
In the past decade Thailand's bubble of prosperity expanded beyond the wildest dreams of investors and burst in the faces of those who had inflated it. By being the fastest growing economy in the world as well as the epicentre of the 1997 Asian financial crisis, Thailand became a cautionary tale of hypergrowth. During the boom and especially after the bubble economy burst there were heated debates in Thailand's highly energised public sphere about the accelerating pace of change, about political reform, and about the possible futures for the country and its people. All Asian countries subjected to the International Monetary Fund's (IMF) regime of austerity saw their national economic sovereignty compromised, and in this respect the financial crisis of 1997 had clear parallels with previous threats to Thailand's sovereignty in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Then, as in the late 1990s, the ruling elites allowed sovereignty to be compromised.
In this essay I endeavour to map out the intellectual contours of post-boom Thailand. While accepting that these public debates are concentrated in the Bangkok megalopolis, I would suggest that it would be a mistake to dismiss the dominant themes of these debates as fatally elitist or Bangkok-centric. The public intellectuals engaging the issues have close ties to non-governmental organisations (NGOs) and other activists elsewhere in the country. At the core of these debates is the need to empower local communities in order to contend with the pressures of international financial organisations such as the IMF, the World Bank and the Asian Development Bank (ADB). 相似文献
In this essay I endeavour to map out the intellectual contours of post-boom Thailand. While accepting that these public debates are concentrated in the Bangkok megalopolis, I would suggest that it would be a mistake to dismiss the dominant themes of these debates as fatally elitist or Bangkok-centric. The public intellectuals engaging the issues have close ties to non-governmental organisations (NGOs) and other activists elsewhere in the country. At the core of these debates is the need to empower local communities in order to contend with the pressures of international financial organisations such as the IMF, the World Bank and the Asian Development Bank (ADB). 相似文献
33.
I.H. Burnley 《The Australian geographer》1998,29(1):49-70
This paper examines the patterns of residential concentration and dispersion and the socio‐economic profiles of major immigrant groups from Asia in Sydney at the 1991 Census, taken soon after the largest immigrant boom in Sydney's urban history, which occurred between 1986 and 1988. It makes use of detailed birthplace, language and religion cross‐tabulations by area and socio‐economic indicators, as well as four‐digit occupational data from the Census. It then tests to what extent immigration flows from different parts of Asia have been linked to Sydney's emergence as a global city, and whether the disadvantage or advantage associated with the settlement of some communities is tied to restructuring, globalisation, language difficulties, residential concentration, or other factors. 相似文献
34.
Segregation is a central concept in the debate on urban issues, both in scientific literature and in society in general. The
process of globalisation is particularly expected to increase polarisation and segregation in cities, resulting in the emergence
of ‘ghettos’ or – as they are called in the Netherlands – ‘income neighbourhoods’. This paper tries to judge the situation
in Dutch cities by studying changes over time; by looking at segregation within cities as well as between cities and the wider
metropolitan area; and by comparing socio-economic differences with socio-cultural and socio-demographic characteristics.
The analysis shows that the empirical facts are quite different from the ongoing debate. It establishes that socio-economic
segregation is more moderate than segregation with respect to the other two dimensions. Contrary to suggestions from the vernacular
debate, segregation within cities is scarcely increasing, but between cities and the surrounding area it is rising with respect
to all three dimensions.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
35.
36.
Leo J. De Haan 《GeoJournal》2000,50(4):359-367
This paper focuses on how livelihood and the question of development and environment in a globalising era should be examined.
It discusses various views in geography on the question of environment and development, and it explores the concept of sustainable
livelihood. It concludes that a geographical conceptualisation of ‘development and environment’ may profit from the discussion
on sustainable livelihood, provided that it does not become entangled in an actor-cum-local bias. Moreover, the diffusion
of non-equilibrium concepts may broaden the analysis of man-land relations and open the way to an analysis of globalisation
effects. Globalisation gives rise to new assortments of geographical entities and, as livelihoods adapt, they will shape constantly
shifting regions with specific man-land arrangements.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
37.
This paper examines how double exposure to economic and environmental stressors – and the interaction between the two – affect smallholder farmers in Mozambique's Limpopo River Basin. Studying two case study villages we find that people, in general, are resilient to environmental stressors. However, most households show less resilience to the socioeconomic stressors and shocks that have been introduced or intensified by economic globalisation. Our findings indicate that economic change brought about by structural adjustment policies pressures rural people to alter their approach to farming, which makes it more difficult for them to respond to environmental change. For example, smallholder farmers find it difficult to make a transition to commercial farming within the Limpopo Basin, in part because farming techniques that are well adapted to managing environmental variability in the region – such as seeding many small plots – are not well suited to the economies of scale needed for profitable commercial agriculture. People use a variety of strategies to cope with interactive environmental and economic stressors and shocks, but many face considerable constraints to profitably exploiting market-based opportunities. We conclude that economic stressors and shocks may now be causing small-scale agriculture to be less well adapted to ecological and climate variability, making smallholders more vulnerable to future climate change. Some local level policy interventions, including those that support and build on local environmental knowledge, could assist rural agricultural societies in adapting to future environmental change in the context of economic globalisation. 相似文献