陕北奥陶纪盐盆马五6时期东、西部盐坳沉积环境对比研究     

樊馥  张永生  郑绵平  苏奎  邢恩袁 《地质学报》2015,89(11):2141-2151

陕北奥陶纪盐盆位于鄂尔多斯盆地伊陕斜坡东部。研究表明:马五6亚期,盐盆存在"两坳一隆"的构造格局,即东、西部盐坳和中部隆起,东、西部盐坳在钾矿化情况、溴氯系数反映的水体咸化趋势方面初步显示了陕北盐盆东、西部沉积环境的差异。本文通过东、西部盐坳典型钻井马五6层位沉积学分析,揭示了马五6时期东、西部盐坳在水体深度变化、浓缩趋势、含钾量、淡化层段厚度、陆源物质输入方面均存在差异。其中,西部盐坳受海水影响大,水体变浅且持续淡化,泥质分布反映陆源物质贡献少,对钾盐的沉积与保存均十分不利。而东部盐坳受海水影响小,与西部盐坳水体联通性差,在马五6时期环境更为封闭,具体表现为淡化夹层分布数量少、厚度薄的特征;水体持续变深并浓缩咸化;泥质夹层较多,反映了相较于西部,陆源物质对其影响更大,上述特点为钾盐沉积提供了有利的地球化学条件及可容空间。东、西部盐坳沉积环境对比表明东部盐坳对成钾更为有利。  相似文献   

Diagenetic evolution of Aptian evaporites in the Namibe Basin (south‐west Angola)          下载免费PDF全文

Laurent Gindre‐Chanu  John K. Warren  Cai Puigdefabregas  Ian R. Sharp  David C. P. Peacock  Roger Swart  Ragnar Poulsen  Hercinda Ferreira  Lourenco Henrique 《Sedimentology》2015,62(1):204-233

The widespread and dissected nature of the Angolan gypsiferous salt residuals offers a uniquely detailed view of the lateral and vertical relations inherent to secondary evaporite textures, which typify exhumed salt masses worldwide. Such secondary textures are sometimes misinterpreted as primary evaporite textures. Thin, metre‐scale and patchy, dome‐like gypsum accumulations are well‐exposed within strongly incised present‐day river valleys along the eastern margin of the Namibe and Benguela basins (south‐west Angola). These sections are time equivalent to the main basinward subsurface evaporites (Aptian Loeme Formation) which mostly consist of halite. The gypsum (here called the Bambata Formation) is interpreted to represent the final residual product of fractional dissolution and recrystallization of the halite mass that occurred during Late Cretaceous margin uplift and continues today. This halite underwent multiple episodes of diagenetic alteration between its deposition and its final exhumation, leading to the formation of various secondary gypsum fabrics and solution‐related karst and breccia textures that typify the current evaporite outcrop. Four different diagenetic gypsum fabrics are defined: thinly bedded alabastrine, nodular alabastrine, displacive selenite rosettes and fibrous satin‐spar gypsum. Current arid conditions are responsible for a thin weathered crust developed at the top of the outcropping gypsum, but the fabrics in the main core of the current at‐surface evaporite unit mostly formed during the telogenetic stage of uplift prior to complete subaerial exposure. Alteration occurred as various dissolving and rehydrating saline minerals encountered shallow aquifers in the active phreatic and vadose zones. Geomorphological and petrographic analyses, mostly based on the cross‐cutting relations and crystallographic patterns in the outcrop, are used to propose a sequence of formation of these different fabrics.  相似文献   

Simulation of the Direct Radiative Effect of Mineral Dust and Sea Salt Aerosols in a Doubled Carbon Dioxide Climate          下载免费PDF全文

YUE Xu  LIAO Hong  TANG Jin-Ping 《大气和海洋科学快报》2013,6(5):343-348

The authors examine the equilibrium climatic response to the direct radiative effect(DRE)of mineral dust and sea salt aerosols in a doubled-CO2climate with two-way coupling of aerosol-climate interactions.In response to the drier and windier conditions,dust emissions increase by 26%in the Sahara Desert and by 18%on the global scale relative to present day.Sea salt emissions increase in high latitudes(60°)but decrease in middle latitudes(30°–60°)of both hemispheres due to the poleward shift of westerlies,leading to a 3%decrease in global emissions.The burdens of dust and sea salt increase by 31%and 7%respectively,because reductions in rainfall over the tropical oceans increase the lifetime of particles in the warmer climate.The higher aerosol loading in the doubled-CO2climate reinforces aerosol DRE by0.2 W m 2,leading to an additional cooling of 0.1°C at the surface compared with the climatic effects of aerosols in present day.The additional cooling from changes in natural aerosols compensates for up to 15%of the regional warming induced by doubled CO2.  相似文献   

对流云盐粉催化的数值模拟研究     

张邢  王广河  楼小凤  胡志晋 《气象》2013,39(8):1057-1068

利用三维对流云盐粉催化模式对一次对流云降水进行了盐粉催化模拟试验。模式中考虑了盐粉与云雨滴和冰相粒子间的相互作用。模拟结果显示,当采用20μm粒径的盐粉进行单次催化时,催化效果较好,地面总雨量可增加20%,催化次数的增多会导致降水的减少。霰融化成雨是雨滴增长的主要机制,霰碰并过冷云水是霰增长的主要机制,催化后霰融化成雨和霰碰并过冷云水的速率均有提高。催化会引起水成物云滴、冰晶、霰和雨滴的比质量变化。霰和云滴的粒径也在催化后出现了明显的增大。催化后短时间内动力过程出现了变化。  相似文献   

榆林飞播林区土壤地球化学特征     

孙舒  王让会  王锁民 《南京气象学院学报》2013,5(4):305-311

以榆林飞播林区的土壤微生物、土壤养分和土壤可溶性盐为研究对象,对林区土壤可溶性盐的变化规律及其与土壤养分、微生物的相关性进行研究,为水土资源可持续利用以及飞播造林功效的提高提供理论依据.研究表明,研究区土壤属硫酸盐型,土壤层分异特征不显著,土壤仍处于初级发育阶段.土壤总盐与养分的相关性不明显,适当增加K⁺利于真菌的存活和生物量的积累,在1 kg土壤中,每增加1 g K⁺,真菌数量就会增加14个左右.在土层表层,适量减少Cl^-能促进土壤细菌的生长,在40 cm土层的盐分上行过程中出现表聚现象,在土壤中层,出现板结现象,在土壤底层,HCO₃^-和Na⁺质量分数的增加,有利于土壤全氮质量分数的增加,且HCO₃^-的影响力最强.  相似文献   

Estimating evapotranspiration for a temperate salt marsh,Newcastle, Australia     

C. E. Hughes  J. D. Kalma  P. Binning  G. R. Willgoose  M. Vertzonis 《水文研究》2001,15(6):957-975

Evapotranspiration was studied at a salt marsh site in the Hunter River estuary, NSW, Australia, during 1996–8. Estimates of actual evapotranspiration (E_a) were obtained for three sites using the eddy correlation method. These values were compared with results obtained with the Penman and Penman–Monteith equations, and with pan evaporation. The Penman–Monteith method was found to be most reliable in estimating daily and hourly evapotranspiration. Surface resistance values averaging 12 s m^?1 were derived from the eddy correlation estimates. Recent tidal flooding and rainfall were found to decrease surface resistance and increase E_a/E_p ratios. Estimates of evapotranspiration obtained using the Penman–Monteith method were shown to be sensitive to changes in surface resistance, canopy height and the method used to estimate net radiation from incoming solar radiation. These results underline the importance of accurately estimating such parameters based on site‐specific data rather than relying on empirical equations, which are derived primarily for crops and forests. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

土壤中可溶性盐类测定方法探讨          下载免费PDF全文

王立萍  刘洪林  张涛 《山东国土资源》2003,19(Z1):22-24

用水浸法测定土壤中的可溶性盐类,当土壤与加入水的质量之比为1∶6,水浸时间为24～42h,此时测定的可溶性盐类的量具有较好的准确性和可比性。  相似文献   

The streamside effect in a Carex lyngbyeiestuarine marsh: The possible role of recoverable underground reserves     

John L. Gallagher  Harold V. Kibby 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》1981,12(4):451-460

  相似文献   

Behaviour of iron,manganese, phosphate and humic acid during mixing in a Delaware salt marsh creek     

Kurt W. Eastman  Thomas M. Church 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》1984,18(4):447-458

The mixing behaviour of iron, manganese, phosphate and humic acid in a Delaware salt marsh creek was studied using field data, laboratory mixing experiments, and geochemical mass balance equations. Property-salinity diagrams for field data indicated that the removal of iron is 56–70% in the 0–10‰ salinity range. A proposed mechanism of removal is the flocculation of colloidal iron, perhaps with humic acid. Phosphate, however, undergoes 195% addition in the same low salinity region, which may be due to release of phosphate from resuspended sediments. Dissolved manganese is conserved, as is humic acid throughout the salt marsh mixing zone. Within the uncertainty of the data the maximum possible removal of humic acid is 23%.Laboratory mixing experiments that simulated salt marsh mixing along the same salinity gradient as observed in the field (5–25‰) showed only small-scale additions and removals compared to the field results. Such small-scale changes occurred largely at salinities >10‰ in the laboratory experiments, whereas most removals and additions occurred at salinities <10‰ in the field. Mixing studies also showed little difference between prefiltered and unfiltered mixes. The studies suggest that simple mixing of salt marsh waters, with or without suspended material, does not strongly influence the observed behaviour of dissolved constituents in salt marshes, and that other processes (e.g. sediment or intertidal exchange) must dominate their behaviour.  相似文献   

马海盐湖高含泥、低品位地表固体钾矿矿浆絮凝沉降试验研究          下载免费PDF全文

李海民  马金元  张全有  边红利 《盐湖研究》2012,20(1):34-39

研究了非离子聚丙烯酰胺、阴离子聚丙烯酰胺、阳离子聚丙烯酰胺、聚氧化乙烯、聚合氯化铝等絮凝剂对马海盐湖泥湖高不溶物矿浆的絮凝沉降效果,给出了研究结果。此项研究对高不溶物可溶盐矿物母液的回收利用有一定的参考价值。  相似文献