地方政府企业化视角下的半城市化地区社区转型——以东莞市厚街镇赤岭社区为例     

黄颖敏  薛德升 《热带地理》2016,36(5):795-805

改革开放以来,随着中央―地方政府之间的分权化和分税制改革,地方政府在推动城市与经济的发展中通常表现为企业主义行为,并有力地推动了地方经济的发展;但是,经过30 多年的发展,地方政府企业主义是否仍然行之有效？文章采用质性研究方法,以东莞厚街镇的赤岭社区为例,对中国地方政府企业主义行为发生的源头--半城市化地区社区发展与转型进行研究,解析新时期地方政府企业化的特征、作用机制及应对危机的方式。结论认为：1）地方政府企业主义行为推动了改革开放以来半城市化地区社区（村）社会经济的发展与转型,但是在外部环境变化的情况下,地方政府企业主义行为在社区尺度不再行之有效;2）社区（村级）体制改革也是一种城市管治方式,半城市化地区的社区发展适时需要管治的进入;3）全球化是影响地方政府企业主义行为的直接动力;4）在中国的城市管治中,社会力量还相对较弱。在未来地方政府企业主义的研究中,应更多关注来自基层的制度创新。  相似文献   

The Basin Water Resources Management System and Its Innovation in China     

Fengrui Li  Xun Pomponio  Qijun Liu 《寒旱区科学》2008,(1):0105-0114

Water provides the origin of human survival and prosperity,and the basic resource for the maintenance of terrestrial eco-systems,their biodiversity,productivity and ecological services.With China’s recent,rapid growth both in population and economic development,the water shortage has become one of the most constraints on its ecological restoration and socio-economic development,especially in the arid inland regions of northwest China.At first glance,this water shortage in China appears to be a resource crisis.But second,an in-depth analysis reveals that the water shortage crisis arises mainly resulting from the poor water management system and operating mechanism that cannot facilitate fair allocation and efficient utilization of water resources both regionally and nationally and thus is viewed as a crisis of water manage-ment.The solution of China’s water shortage and low-efficient utilization problem will,in particular,require a fundamen-tal and substantial reform or innovation of the existing water management system and operating mechanism.In this paper,we address explicitly the problems existed in the current water management system,explore the basic theory of water re-sources management and provide some insights into the way how to establish a river basin based integrated water re-sources management system in China.  相似文献   

新疆全要素生产率估算及其经济增长源泉分析     

王兴民  王强  董洁芳 《干旱区地理》2017,40(4):888-896

为深入探究新疆经济增长的驱动因素,基于1990-2015年新疆统计数据,运用索洛残差法对新疆的全要素生产率进行了估算,并对估算结果与影响新疆全要素生产率变动的技术进步因素和制度变迁因素进行了计量分析。研究表明：（1）新疆经济增长主要依赖资本和劳动力等要素投入驱动,是一种典型的要素投入型经济增长方式。（2）新疆全要素生产率变化具有很强的累积性和路径依赖性,其中技术转移和转化是新疆全要素生产率变化的主要原因,而制度进步和自主研发对新疆全要素生产率变化的影响不明显。（3）新疆制度发育尚不完全,阻碍生产要素优化配置的因素很多。（4）新疆的R&D经费投入偏低,尚未形成规模效应,未能显著地促进新疆全要素生产率的提高。基于本文的研究结论给出相应的政策启示。  相似文献   

我国耕地保护制度的经济学分析     

张吉献  秦明周  张启珍  卢红岩 《地域研究与开发》2010,29(2)

概括了制度环境的变化与耕地保护制度变迁的特点,指出了耕地保护制度对社会经济稳定发展繁荣做出的巨大贡献,总结了现行制度的被动性、镶嵌式、地方政府主导征用收益、违法占用耕地与地方政府GDP冲动及官员的政绩追求密切相关等特点。评估内在制度的柔性对刚性制度的化解与冲突,提出了诚信与合作意识、用地观念、计划意识与强势主导等3类因子的影响。分析了未来耕地保护制度的供需及其主体,指出耕地保护作为我国重要的管理政策,未来一段时间内中央政府作为唯一的制度供给主体的行为、地方政府作为制度执行主体及农民作为耕地保护的最终执行主体耕地保护的行为与利益诉求。据此,提出了耕地保护制度进一步改革调整的对策与建议。  相似文献   

Economic reforms and the New Master Plan of Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam: Implementation issues and policy recommendations   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Huong Ha  Tai-Chee Wong 《GeoJournal》1999,49(3):301-309

The economic reforms or `doi moi' introduced in 1986 have transformed Vietnam's planned economy to a more market-oriented one. Rise in international capital, market liberalisation and greater population mobility have contributed towards a greater concentration of squatters in the city centre, and extended metropolitan development in the fringes of Ho Chi Minh City. Rapid urbanisation and, to a lesser extent, industrialisation have converted large tracts of farmlands to urban use, and greater rural exodus. Such dramatic changes have drawn the city government's attention to face the new challenges. As a very important political and economic centre in the south, Ho Chi Minh City has prepared for itself a new Master Plan, approved in 1997, to provide a legitimate and institutional framework to guide its future spatial development. This paper introduces the background and explains the rationale behind the drafting of the Master Plan, and highlights the constraints that are expected in implementing it. The administrative framework in planning is also examined in terms of its advantages and disadvantages in a planning system with four levels: national, provincial, district and local. Land availability in the city centre, source of funding and technical expertise are all parts and parcels of the challenges in the process of modernising HCMC to accommodate the need of its residents and rapid global change. Ho Chi Minh City's strong relationships with its hinterlands have equally required the planners to look at the planning field using the whole national and regional scenarios. Policy recommendations aimed at improving the implementation capability are finally presented. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

改革开放以来中国西南边境地区制度与产业协同演化研究——以云南勐腊为例北大核心CSCDCSSCI     

宋涛  孙曼  刘志高 《地理研究》2022,41(3):633-646

边境地区发展是新时期人文地理学研究的热门议题,其产业演化深受地缘政治、国家和区域政策、本地发展、跨境交流等多元要素影响。本文在借鉴演化经济地理中制度演化相关概念的基础上,构建了开放发展视角下边境地区制度与产业协同演化的分析框架,并运用该分析框架剖析了边境地区制度与产业演化的动态过程、行为主体逻辑和开放发展的演化过程。本文选取了中老边境门户城市——云南西双版纳的勐腊作为案例区域,揭示了其不同阶段开放导向下制度与产业协同演化的四个模式,即层叠、转化、转变和替代。随着“一带一路”的不断推进,深化开放导向下的“制度转化”与“良性层叠”将进一步强化勐腊在中国中南半岛经济走廊的合作节点地位。这种双向开放导向下的边境地区多重制度与产业协同演化路径模式,有助于深化和丰富边境地区、区域产业演化的理论和实证研究。  相似文献   

烟台经济开发区土地储备工作探讨     

巩镇杰  田力  孙志高 《山东地质》2011,(9):72-75

近年来,烟台经济开发区重视土地储备工作,从完善规章制度入手,对土地储备工作运行机制进行了规范。加强了土地资源的优化配置,实现了土地收益的最大化,有力的支持了当地经济的发展。但仍存在着一些不容忽视的问题,针对存在的问题进行了分析、探讨,并提出相应的对策建议。  相似文献   

济南市土地收购储备制度发展探究     

唐金波 《山东地质》2011,(10):52-56

济南市较早实施了土地收购储备制度。经过10年的探索和实践,已形成了自己的制度模式和运行机制,具有很强的典型性和借鉴意义;同时,存在的问题也具有很强的代表性。通过对济南市开展土地收购储备的回顾和探究,总结经验教训,并展开深入的思考,使该项制度在土地集约利用和城市化进程中发挥更大的作用。  相似文献   

Unpredictable Outcomes in Forestry—Governance Institutions in Practice     

Jessica de Koning 《社会与自然资源》2014,27(4):358-371

Community forest management in the Amazon has been subject to institutional changes because of a shift from government to governance. Although these changes aim to create opportunities for local communities, the effectiveness of new institutions remains arbitrary. In particular, the unpredictability of legislative outcomes—as one of the institutional changes—evokes discussion on how local people respond to new institutions. This article analyzes the effects of forest institutions at the local level. By using the concept of institutional bricolage, the article argues that institutions in practice work differently than intended.  相似文献   

Placing Geography's Institutions into Geographic Pedagogy: Colearning and Coproduction of Knowledge as Strategy to Do Geography Differently     

Richard Le Heron 《The Professional geographer》2013,65(3):378-383

This article discusses New Zealand geography's recent engagement in institutional regeneration that is aimed at redeveloping the knowledge claims its geography community can make. This engagement has led to new levels of understanding among many New Zealand geographers of colearning and coproduction of knowledge as geographic processes involving knowledge, power, and authority relations. The article briefly outlines two linked trajectories: those relating to the gradual recognition of institutional collapse, and the commitment to remaking a new and generative institutional framework, and the uptake of ideas from international geography that helped with prioritizing revisioning and institutional regeneration. Lessons from New Zealand geography's sobering institutional experiences and new efforts at collective learning and activity to extend the spheres of geography's action are salutary for international geography.  相似文献