Mechanical behavior of lead rubber bearings under and after nonproportional plane loading     

Shiang-Jung Wang  Wang-Chuen Lin  Yu-Sheng Chiang  Jenn-Shin Hwang 《地震工程与结构动力学》2019,48(13):1508-1531

Lead rubber bearings, which have been extensively applied in many seismic isolation designs for buildings, infrastructures, and facilities worldwide, were tested under unilateral reversal loading as well as nonproportional plane loading including circular, figure-eight, and square orbits in this study. The test results indicate that unlike the unilateral hysteretic behavior, the bilateral one of lead rubber bearings is too complicated to be characterized adequately by a simplified bilinear hysteretic model. It is mainly attributed to the bilateral coupling effect, which can be clearly observed from the abnormal deformation of the mesh pattern drawn on the rubber cover during the tests. In addition, after being subjected to nonproportional plane loading, the tested bearings reveal visible permanent twisting deformation. The profiles of the cut bearings present the fracture of the inside lead plugs. Even so, the further unilateral reversal loading test results prove that the fracture might not affect the whole hysteretic behavior and mechanical properties very much. The applicability, robustness, and generalization of adopting three previously developed analytical models for describing the coupled bilateral hysteretic behavior of lead rubber bearings are further demonstrated by comparing their predictions with the nonproportional plane loading test results. Although the coefficients are identified from unilateral reversal loading tests, the three analytical models can still have an acceptable prediction capability.  相似文献   

甘肃西成铅锌矿田铅同位素地球化学成矿信息     

林兵 《现代地质》1991,5(3):300-306

甘肃西成铅锌矿田含有沉积—变质热液弱改造型和沉积—动力构造分异热液强改造型两类泥盆系层控铅锌矿床。对该矿田系统的铅同位素地球化学研究结果表明:（1）两类主要矿床的铅同位素组成有所不同。例如,沉积—变质热液弱改造型矿床的铅同位素组成变化相对较稳定;（2）矿床的铅平均单阶段模式年龄均不代表成矿年龄,而只反映铅质源区岩石的形成时代;（3）成矿金属物质主要取自下伏区域基底地层,而与含矿层和岩体无关;（4）成矿物质源区构造环境主要为造山带（岛弧）,这种地质构造环境有利于富含金属热卤水的活动和成矿物质的富集成矿。  相似文献   

菱刈矿山氧同位素晕     

《地质与资源》1995,4(1):75

菱刈金矿山位于鹿儿岛县伊佐郡菱刈町。金矿脉中至今仍伴有大量温泉水,水温55-65℃。目前的温泉活动有可能代表着菱刈矿床形成的最末期状态。在进行矿床探查中,掌握热液系统的扩展及其中心、热液的通道、矿化作用及其范围等具有十分重要意义。  相似文献   

Sedimentation in arctic proglacial lakes: Mittivakkat Glacier,south‐east Greenland     

Bent Hasholt  Desmond E. Walling  Philip N. Owens 《水文研究》2000,14(4):679-699

Several sediment cores were collected from two proglacial lakes in the vicinity of Mittivakkat Glacier, south‐east Greenland, in order to determine sedimentation rates, estimate sediment yields and identify the dominant sources of the lacustrine sediment. The presence of varves in the ice‐dammed Icefall Lake enabled sedimentation rates to be estimated using a combination of X‐ray photography and down‐core variations in ¹³⁷Cs activity. Sedimentation rates for individual cores ranged between 0·52 and 1·06 g cm⁻² year⁻¹, and the average sedimentation rate was estimated to be 0·79 g cm⁻² year⁻¹. Despite considerable down‐core variability in annual sedimentation rates, there is no significant trend over the period 1970 to 1994. After correcting for autochthonous organic matter content and trap efficiency, the mean fine‐grained minerogenic sediment yield from the 3·8 km² basin contributing to the lake was estimated to be 327 t km⁻² year⁻¹. Cores were also collected from the topset beds of two small deltas in Icefall Lake. The deposition of coarse‐grained sediment on the delta surface was estimated to total in excess of 15 cm over the last c. 40 years. In the larger Lake Kuutuaq, which is located about 5 km from the glacier front and for which the glacier represents a smaller proportion of the contributing catchment, sedimentation rates determined for six cores collected from the centre of the lake, based on their ¹³⁷Cs depth profiles, were estimated to range between 0·05 and 0·11 g cm⁻² year⁻¹, and the average was 0·08 g cm⁻² year⁻¹. The longer‐term (c. 100–150 years) average sedimentation rate for one of the cores, estimated from its unsupported ²¹⁰Pb profile, was 0·10–0·13 g cm⁻² year⁻¹, suggesting that sedimentation rates in this lake have been essentially constant over the last c. 100–150 years. The average fine‐grained sediment yield from the 32·4 km² catchment contributing to the lake was estimated to be 13 t km⁻² year⁻¹. The ¹³⁷Cs depth profiles for cores collected from the topset beds of the delta of Lake Kuutuaq indicate that in excess of 27 cm of coarse‐grained sediment had accumulated on the delta surface over the last approximately 40 years. Caesium‐137 concentrations associated with the most recently deposited (uppermost) fine‐grained sediment in both Icefall Lake and Lake Kuutuaq were similar to those measured in fine‐grained sediment collected from steep slopes in the immediate proglacial zone, suggesting that this material, rather than contemporary glacial debris, is the most likely source of the sediment deposited in the lakes. This finding is confirmed by the ¹³⁷Cs concentrations associated with suspended sediment collected from the Mittivakkat stream, which are very similar to those for proglacial material. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

铅芯叠层橡胶支座恢复力模型研究   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

王建强  王利娟 《世界地震工程》2005,21(2):151-154

在Wen和Park模型的基础上,对铅芯叠层橡胶支座单向和双向耦合恢复力模型进行了改进,使其可以更为准确的模拟铅芯叠层橡胶支座单向和双向耦合的滞回性能。并由计算分析可以看出,考虑双向耦合作用与未考虑双向耦合作用的恢复力滞回曲线有较大差别,因而支座应采用双向耦合恢复力模型以考虑支座的双向耦合作用对结构地震反应的影响。  相似文献   

中国最古老铀矿床成矿年龄及铅同位素示踪铀成矿省   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：5  

夏毓亮  韩军 《地球学报》2008,29(6):752-760

中国发现的最古老铀矿床(点)集中分布在华北地台东部的鞍本地区及辽东地区其他铀矿化点、华北地台中部的中条山地区和华北地台西部的龙首山地区.通过多年来对这些地区所积累的47件晶质铀矿U-Pb同位素数据的整理处理,指出中国最古老铀矿床(矿点)尽管其成矿地域、成矿类型、成矿地质背景不同,但成矿年龄基本相同,在(1800±100)Ma左右成矿,铀成矿作用发生在早前寒武纪末吕梁造山期,而矿床可能主要在燕山运动期受到叠加改造.对华北地台东部诸省200多件方铅矿的铅同位素数据进行铅同位素数据处理:利用H-H模式分别计算了这些矿石铅源区的μ值及Th/U值,并统计了各省区μ值及Th/U值的均方差S和变异系数x;利用Pb构造模式获取不同地区铅的物质来源.文中还报道了特高放射性成因矿石铅的存在地域.矿石铅同位素示踪表明,我国辽东地区应该是很好的潜在铀成矿省.  相似文献   

东海泥质区表层沉积物中铜和铅的赋存形态研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李铁  高峰  杨桂朋 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2010,40(4)

2007年11月在东海泥质区13个站点采集了表层沉积物样品,用连续提取法分离并测定了铜和铅的赋存形态。结果表明,铜主要赋存于易还原态(铁锰氧化物结合态),含量为1.2～5.1μg/g,平均值为3.3μg/g;铅主要赋存于碳酸盐结合态,含量为1.9～7.3μg/g,平均值为5.3μg/g。泥质区铜和铅的有机结合态和易还原铁锰氧化物结合态与水深之间的呈明显的相关关系,碳酸盐结合态则与水深不相关。铜和铅非残渣态总量与采样站点水深之间的关系受控于其主要赋存形态,反映了重金属形态分布受到陆源输入和在水体中迁移等因素的影响。济州岛西南泥质区表层沉积物中铁锰氧化物结合态的铜和铅含量高于其他海区表层沉积物,可能是由于沉积物再悬浮所致。  相似文献   

近岸表层海水中溶解态铅的研究     

曾江宁  周青松  吕海燕  王正方  郑平 《海洋学研究》2008,26(1):22-29

采用阳极溶出伏安法(ASV)对1999年10月采自浙江省三门湾健跳港表层海水中溶解态铅的形态进行了分析,结果表明:海水中游离态铅的浓度为2.2 nmol/dm3,有机配位态则可分为两类,即PbL1和PbL2;两类有机配位体条件稳定常数的对数(logKpcobnLd1,pb2 和logKpcobnLd2,pb2 )分别为8.4和9.1;两类有机配位体浓度(L1和L2)分别为37.4 nmol/dm3和52.7 nmol/dm3,将上述结果与以往三门湾海区研究中海洋生物急性毒性试验结果和不同介质中铅含量进行对比可知,浙江三门湾健跳港海区表层海水中溶解态铅浓度对海洋生物是安全的,但个别底栖生物物种中较高的铅含量已影响到人类的食用安全。  相似文献