浅议浅黄色花岗岩板材在高温条件下变色因素     

邱林  左爱莉  崔晓红 《新疆地质》2006,24(2):146-146,147,148

奇台县菊花黄花岗岩板材,经高温氧-乙炔喷焰烧后呈褐红色薄膜状石材板,使其经济价值增加80%.菊花黄花岗岩板材中的钾长石矿物经高温氧-乙炔喷焰烧后,当其受热达到一定的温度时褐黄色微斜长石中所含的低价铁氧化物中的2价铁离子变为3价铁离子,使岩石的颜色由黄色转化为褐红色,微斜长石由三斜晶系向稳定的单斜晶系转变,由于高于900℃高温作用石材表面时间短,故能在石材表面形成厚约1mm左右的红色薄膜.经褪色强化实验,从理论上推测该红色薄膜石材在大气条件下可保持10年以上不褪色.  相似文献   

Lithium isotope fractionation in the southern Cascadia subduction zone   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Tom&#x; Magna  Uwe Wiechert  Timothy L. Grove  Alex N. Halliday 《Earth and Planetary Science Letters》2006,250(3-4):428-443

We present lithium (Li) abundances and isotope compositions for a suite of anhydrous olivine tholeiites (HAOTs) and hydrous basalt-andesitic (BA) lavas from the Mt. Shasta and Medicine Lake regions, California. The values of δ⁷Li vary from + 0.9‰ to + 6.4‰ and correlate inversely with distance from the trench. These data are consistent with continuous isotope fractionation of Li during dehydration of the subducted oceanic lithosphere, an interpretation corroborated by uniformly high pre-eruptive H₂O contents in basaltic andesites accompanied by high Li, Rb, Sr, Ba and Pb abundances. The subduction-derived component that was added to these hydrous magmas is shown to be very similar beneath both Mt. Shasta and Medicine Lake volcanoes despite characteristically distinct Li isotope compositions in the magmas themselves. More evolved andesites and dacites from Mt. Shasta have δ⁷Li from + 2.8 to + 6.9‰ which is identical with the range obtained for HAOTs and BA lavas from Mt. Shasta. Therefore, Li isotopes do not provide evidence for any other crustal component admixed to Mt. Shasta andesites or dacites during magmatic differentiation and magma mixing in the crust.  相似文献   

离子色谱法测定水果和蔬菜中硝酸盐     

佘小林孙伟  叶晓勤王茜 陶文新 《岩矿测试》2007,26(3):233-234237

利用DIONEX-2020i离子色谱仪、IonPac AS3分离柱对蔬菜和水果中硝酸盐进行测定。通过．等冀合适的前处理方法，获得纯清溶液。提出只使用分离柱，以提高灵敏度、缩短出峰时间和改善峰形。方法精密度好、检出限低、操作简便快速，用于实际样品的检测，10次测定的相对标准偏差小于2％，加标回收率为97％～98％。  相似文献   

临安大气气溶胶理化特性季节变化   总被引：4，自引：2，他引：4       下载免费PDF全文

张养梅 颜鹏杨东贞  王淑凤汤洁俞向明  马千里 《应用气象学报》2007,18(5):635-644

分别利用碳成分分析仪、离子色谱仪和原子吸收光谱仪等获取浙江省临安地区大气气溶胶在春、夏、秋、冬四季的质量浓度、离子与碳成分特性，并对不同粒径气溶胶成分分布特点作了较详细分析。结果表明:气溶胶质量浓度、可溶性离子浓度以及碳成分浓度具有明显的季节变化趋势。整个尺度范围内，气溶胶质量浓度季节变化特点为春季浓度最高，达到534 μg/m3；冬季次之，质量浓度为117.21 μg/m3；夏季浓度最低，平均为65.7 μg/m3；秋季质量浓度98.6 μg/m3。可溶性离子成分在气溶胶中所占比例具有明显的季节性，其中夏季最高为49.4%，春季最低为11.3%。硫酸根离子SO₄2-和氨根离子NH₄+和硝酸根离子NO₃- 3种离子浓度之和约占离子总量的75%~83%。受温度影响，硝酸根离子NO₃-浓度随季节变化幅度较大，夏季平均浓度为1.7 μg/m3, 冬季平均浓度为11.5 μg/m3，是夏季浓度的6.8倍。碳浓度分布特点显示，气溶胶中元素碳浓度春季最高，夏季最低。有机碳浓度春季最高，冬季最低。气溶胶粒度分布特点也非常明显。四季中粒径小于11 μm（PM₁₁）的气溶胶均占气溶胶总量的90%以上，粒径小于2.1 μm（PM_2.1）的气溶胶占到气溶胶总量的53%以上。可溶性离子在粒径小于2.1 μm气溶胶颗粒中，以硫酸根离子、氨根离子和硝酸根离子为主。碳成分尺度分布特征为颗粒越小，有机碳及元素碳浓度越高。  相似文献   

用储层岩石抽提物的饱和烃色谱指纹识别油气层   总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12  

陈世加  黄第藩 《沉积学报》1998,16(4):149-152

利用储层岩石抽提物的饱和烃色 质总离子图的指纹特征判识储层的流体（油、气）类型。油层或油饱和的储层,饱和烃色 质总离子流图的特征是正构烷烃碳数分布宽,碳数分布在C₁₅～C₃₈之间,与原油样品的正构烷烃碳数分布相似;凝析气层的正构烷烃碳数分布略窄一些,碳数分布在C₁₅～C₃₅之间,低碳数（小于C₂₁）的正构烷烃相对于油层富集,高碳数（大于C₂₁）的正构烷烃丰度明显低于油层;干气层的正构烷烃碳数分布最窄,碳数分布在C₁₅～ C₂₈之间,只有低碳数的正构烷烃,高碳数的正构烷烃丰度极低。据此可用来识别油层、凝析气层和干气层,也可用于一些测井资料不全或测井质量差的老井的油气层复查、测井难以识别的火成岩油气层的识别,还可用于地层评价,为油气酸化层位的优选提供科学依据。  相似文献   

Analytical perspective on trace element species of interest in exploration   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Gwendy E. M. Hall 《Journal of Geochemical Exploration》1998,61(1-3)

Analysis of soil and sediment samples, using selective extraction methods to distinguish different phases, is of particular interest in exploration geochemistry to locate deeply buried mineral deposits. There are various mechanisms of binding labile elements in the secondary environment, including physical and chemical sorption, precipitation, chelation and complexation. Phases present in soils and sediments which are likely to scavenge ‘free' elements include amorphous Mn and Fe oxides, the humic and fulvic components of humus, and clays. This paper reviews these forms of trace elements and the methods in current use to quantify them. Examples of precision data, both for control and survey samples, are given with respect to trace elements dissolved from the ‘soluble organic' component of humus, Mn oxides and amorphous Fe oxides. The high sensitivity of inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP–MS) is required to measure accurately and precisely a large suite of trace elements, especially where only small fractions of elements are dissolved by such leaches as the commercially available Enzyme and MMI (Mobile Metal Ion) extractions. The relative standard deviations (RSD) obtained for 33 elements (e.g. Ag, Cd, In, I) in the standard reference sample (SRM), TILL-2, are in the range 0.5–8% for the hydroxylamine hydrochloride (NH₂OH·HCl) leach designed to extract hydrous Fe and Mn oxides. The corresponding RSDs for elements in the reactive Mn oxide phase extracted by the Enzyme leach are in the range 3–19% except for some trace elements at levels close to detection limit (e.g. Cd, Bi). The RSDs obtained for field duplicates are inferior to those for analytical replicates (i.e. sample splits), probably a reflection of different concentrations of the host phase. In one soil survey, the Fe extracted by a 0.25 M NH₂OH·HCl leach ranged conservatively from 0.2 to 1.7% whereas the Mn extracted by the Enzyme leach varied extensively, from 0.3 to >999 ppm. In contrast, precision, at 1–7% RSD, for field duplicates was found to be comparable with that for both analytical duplicates and the SRM, LKSD-4, for elements associated with the humic and fulvic component of humus samples sieved to <177 μm.  相似文献   

Substorm associated radar auroral surges: a statistical study and possible generation model     

B. A. Shand  M. Lester  T. K. Yeoman 《Annales Geophysicae》1998,16(4):441-449

Substorm-associated radar auroral surges (SARAS) are a short lived (15–90 minutes) and spatially localised (5° of latitude) perturbation of the plasma convection pattern observed within the auroral E-region. The understanding of such phenomena has important ramifications for the investigation of the larger scale plasma convection and ultimately the coupling of the solar wind, magnetosphere and ionosphere system. A statistical investigation is undertaken of SARAS, observed by the Sweden And Britain Radar Experiment (SABRE), in order to provide a more extensive examination of the local time occurrence and propagation characteristics of the events. The statistical analysis has determined a local time occurrence of observations between 1420 MLT and 2200 MLT with a maximum occurrence centred around 1700 MLT. The propagation velocity of the SARAS feature through the SABRE field of view was found to be predominately L-shell aligned with a velocity centred around 1750 ms^–1 and within the range 500 m s^–1 and 3500 m s^–1. This comprehensive examination of the SARAS provides the opportunity to discuss, qualitatively, a possible generation mechanism for SARAS based on a proposed model for the production of a similar phenomenon referred to as sub-auroral ion drifts (SAIDs). The results of the comparison suggests that SARAS may result from a similar geophysical mechanism to that which produces SAID events, but probably occurs at a different time in the evolution of the event.  相似文献   

浅层地震技术在隧道勘察中的应用   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

张广忠  刘貅生 《煤田地质与勘探》1998,(Z1)

论述了在深圳市东部沿海高速公路隧道勘察中,应用浅层地震勘探方法查明地下地质构造、风化带、分层等,并根据资料解释成果、钻探资料和工区地质资料,对隧道开挖过程中可能遇到的断层及塌陷等情况进行了讨论。  相似文献   

Recombination rates of small ions and their attachment to aerosol particles     

W. Gringel  K. H. Käselau  R. Mühleisen 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1978,116(6):1101-1113

It could be shown by measurements of the air conductivity and using a mean profile for the ionization rate that experimental and theoretical values of the recombination rate of small ions based on a three body recombination process (Thomson) are in very good agreement up to 20 km altitude. The divergency of the experimental and theoretical curves above 20 km can be interpreted by assuming that there exists in this altitude region a crossover from the three body recombination to a two body recombination process. The value of the recombination coefficient is about 4·10^–7 cm³ s^–1 in 25 km altitude, compared with 1.4·10^–6 cm³ s^–1 at ground level. Furtheron it was possible for the first time to get some experimental data of attachment coefficients up to 13 km from simultaneous measurements of the air conductivity and Aitken nuclei concentration. These values are in good agreement with those obtained by theoretical considerations.  相似文献   

FRESH SNOW CHEMISTRY FROM HIGH MOUNTAIN REGIONS IN CENTRAL HIMALAYAS     

KANG Shi chang  QIN Da he  YAO Tan dong  PAUL A. Mayewski  SALLIE Whitlow 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2000,10(3):218-225

Investigations of atmospheric composition in the Himalayas has been limited in both temporal and spatial scales, mainly due to difficult logistics. Ideal sites for monitoring atmospheric composition and its evolution should be free from local pollution and representative of the remote troposphere (HUEBERT et al., 1980). As the Himalayas are far removed from highly industrialized regions they provide suitable locations to monitor the chemistry of the remote troposphere and to study the evolu…  相似文献